LACRIMALit Ontology
type: Ontology
contributor: Anna-Maria Miliara (UoC, IMS-FORTH)
contributor: Eleni-Melina Tamiolaki (UoC, IMS-FORTH)
contributor: Markus Zimmermann (University of Bayreuth, IMS-FORTH)
contributor: Panayotis Androulakis (UoC, IMS-FORTH)
contributor: Roberta Dainotto (UoC, IMS-Forth)
creator: Christophe Roche (USMB, LISTIC)
creator: Maria Papadopoulou (USMB, LISTIC)
description: This is version 2 of LACRIMALit Ontology of Crisis. The ontology is a deliverable of the project LACRIMALit - Leaders And CRIsis MAnagement in Ancient Greek Literature.
description: Αυτή είναι η έκδοση 2 της Οντολογίας LACRIMALit. Αποτελεί παραδοτέο του ερευνητικού έργου LACRIMALit - Leaders And CRIsis MAnagement in Ancient Literature. @el
language: ISO 639-1 code for Ancient Greek (grc) ISO two-digit codes for the representation of names of languages http://www.infoterm.info/standardization/iso_639_1_2002.php @el
language: ISO 639-1 code for English (en) ISO two-digit codes for the representation of names of languages http://www.infoterm.info/standardization/iso_639_1_2002.php
language: ISO 639-1 code for Modern Greek (1453- ) (el) ISO two-digit codes for the representation of names of languages http://www.infoterm.info/standardization/iso_639_1_2002.php @el
subject: LACRIMALit ontology describes events of crises in Greco-Roman Antiquity.
subject: Η οντολογία LACRIMALit περιγράφει γεγονότα κρίσεων κατά την Ελληνο_Ρωμαϊκή Αρχαιότητα. @el
title: Οντολογία LACRIMALit @el
coverage: http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300055818 period of ancient Greece or Rome
issued: 2022-05-01
issued: 2022-07-17
license: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
license: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
comment: RDF CIDOC Vocabulary http://erlangen-crm.org/200717/
comment: This is version 2 of LACRIMALit Ontology of Crisis part of the LACRIMALit Project on Leaders And CRIsis MAnagement in Ancient Literature.
label: Crisis Ontology version 1.2
label: Οντολογία LACRIMALit version 1.2 @el
version info: LACRIMALit Ontology version 1.2
version info: Οντολογία LACRIMALit version 1.2 @el

Perseus LSJ URI
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.
sub property of: Perseus reference

Perseus URI
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Perseus Digital Library. Ed. Gregory R. Crane. Tufts University. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu
sub property of: Perseus reference

Perseus reference
type: AnnotationProperty
note: Relevant extracts from text published online by Perseus Digital Library. Editor-in-Chief: Gregory Crane. Website: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ Texts are licensed under the Creative Commons ShareAlike 3.0 License
domain: LACRIMALit

agent
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Agent
sub property of: http://erlangen-crm.org/200717/P14_carried_out_by

born in
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Agent
range: location

colonised by
type: ObjectProperty
domain: location
range: Human Agent

companion of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
domain: Person
range: Person

consequence
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event

designation
type: ObjectProperty
domain: lexical unit
range: LACRIMALit

died in
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: location

ends before or with the end of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
sub property of: https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.1.html#P184

ends before or with the start of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
sub property of: https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.1.html#P182

ends before the end of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
sub property of: https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.1.html#P185

ends before the start of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
sub property of: http://erlangen-crm.org/200717/P183_ends_before_the_start_of
sub property of: https://w3id.org/arco/ontology/cultural-event/hasNextSituation

father of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
inverse of: son of
domain: Person
range: Person

function
type: ObjectProperty
domain: performed function
range: function

has ancestor
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Person

has child
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Person

has descendant
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Person

has founder
type: ObjectProperty
domain: location
range: Person

has function
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: function

has member
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: member of
domain: Group
range: Person

has parent
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Person

has sibling
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
domain: Person
range: Person

cause
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event

successor of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
property disjoint with: predessessorOf
comment: event that succeeds another event

linked event
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: topObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event

lives in
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: location

location
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: location
sub property of: http://erlangen-crm.org/200717/P7_took_place_at

member of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Group

predessessorOf
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
comment: event that preceeds another event

son of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Person
range: Person

starts before or with the end of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
sub property of: https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.1.html#P173

starts before or with the start of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
sub property of: https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.1.html#P175

starts before the end of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
sub property of: https://cidoc-crm.org/Property/p174-starts-before-the-end-of/version-6.2.2

starts before the start of
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
sub property of: http://erlangen-crm.org/200717/P176_starts_before_the_start_of

sub event
type: ObjectProperty
type: IrreflexiveProperty
domain: Event
range: Event
comment: is subevent of

begin date
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Event
range: rational

end date
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Event
range: rational

language
type: DatatypeProperty
type: FunctionalProperty
domain: Class
  union of: lexical unit
  union of: Reference

number of victims
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Thing
range: integer

pleiades coordinates
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: location
note: Coordinates of the Pleiades dataset, available to search here: https://pleiades.stoa.org/, https://pleiades.stoa.org/places. Copyright © Ancient World Mapping Center and Institute for the Study of the Ancient World. Sharing and remixing permitted under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (cc-by)

wikidata coordinates
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: location

year of birth
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Agent
range: rational

year of death
type: DatatypeProperty
sub property of: topDataProperty
domain: Agent
range: rational

Agent
type: Class
subclass of: LACRIMALit
subclass of: http://erlangen-crm.org/200717/E39_Actor

alliance
type: Class
subclass of: political action
type: NamedIndividual
label: συμμαχία @el

amnesty
type: Class
subclass of: political action
type: NamedIndividual
label: αμνηστία @el
Perseus LSJ URI: ἀμνηστ-ία , Ion. -ιη, ἡ, A.forgetfulness, “εἶναι ἐν ἀ.” Pl.Mx.239e; “ἀ. ἔχειν τινός” Heraclit.Ep.2, cf. LXX Wi.19.4, Plu.2.612d, etc. 2. esp. amnesty, “τῶν προγεγενημένων ἐγκλημάτων” SIG633.36 (Milet., ii B. C.), cf. Str.7.2.1, Nic.Dam.Vit.Caes.28, Ph.2.75, Plu.Cic.42, Ant.14. II. failure to mention thing, passing it over Corn.Rh. p.371H. Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940. https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Da)mnhsti%2Fa

Apatouria
type: Class
subclass of: religious festival
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Apaturia (Greek: Ἀπατούρια) were ancient Greek festivals held annually by all the Ionian towns, except Ephesus and Colophon.[1] At Athens the Apaturia took place on the 11th, 12th and 13th days of the month of Pyanepsion (mid-October to mid-November), on which occasion the various phratries, or clans, of Attica met to discuss their affairs.[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apaturia

assassination
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
alternative label: φόνος @el
alternative label: murder
preferred label: δολοφονία @el
comment: by 'assassination' we mean the killing of a politically important person (the underlying motive being to bring about some political change); by 'murder', on the other hand, we mean the unlawful and malicious or premeditated killing of one human being by another
comment: με τον όρο assassination (δολοφονία) εννοούμε τη στέρηση της ζωής ενός σημαντικού πολιτικού προσώπου (με βασικό κίνητρο την επίτευξη πολιτικής αλλαγής), ενώ με τον όρο murder (φόνος), από την άλλη πλευρά, εννοούμε την παράνομη και κακόβουλη ή προμελετημένη στέρηση της ζωής ενός ανθρώπου από έναν άλλο @el

Association
type: Class
subclass of: Group
comment: An organized group of people with a common interest, activity, or purpose set by its members.
comment: Οργανωμένο σύνολο ανθρώπων που λειτουργεί επιδιώκοντας την επίτευξη κοινών στόχων που καθορίζονται από τα μέλη του. @el
comment: Σύλλογος @el

athletic association
type: Class
subclass of: Association
label: αθλητικός σύλλογος @el

battle
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: μάχη @grc
Perseus LSJ URI: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text

blockade
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: αποκλεισμός @el
comment: the physical blocking or surrounding of a place, especially a port, in order to prevent commerce and traffic in or out. The term is applied chiefly to a naval attempt and often implies investment with troops on one side of a fortified place (often a city).

expedition
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: εκστρατεία @el
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
Perseus LSJ URI: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
label: ἐκστρατεία @grc
preferred label: campaign

city
type: Class
subclass of: urban area
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPart
  some values from: suburb
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hasPart
  qualified cardinality: 1
  on class: city center
type: NamedIndividual
label: πόλη @el
label: οικισμός @el
comment: κατοικημένη περιοχή @el

city center
type: Class
subclass of: urban area
disjoint with: suburb
type: NamedIndividual
label: κέντρο πόλης @el

city-state
type: Class
subclass of: geo-political division
type: NamedIndividual
label: πόλη-κράτος @el

civil war
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: guerre civile @fr
label: στάσις @grc
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
label: εμφύλιος πόλεμος @el

coastal location
type: Class
subclass of: location
type: NamedIndividual

plot
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: συνομωσία @el
label: μηχανορραφία @el
label: συμπαιγνία @el
label: conspiration @fr
label: conspiracy
label: ἐπιβουλή @grc

coup-d-etat
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: coup d'état @fr
label: πραξικόπημα @el

crisis
type: Class
subclass of: Event
type: NamedIndividual
label: κρίση @el
comment: κρίσις [ι^ς], εως, ἡ, （κρίνω) A.separating, distinguishing 2. decision, judgement 3. choice, election 4. interpretation of dreams or portents II. judgement of a court b. result of a trial, condemnation 2. trial of skill or strength 3. dispute III. event, issue 2. turning point of a disease, sudden change for better or worse https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkri%2Fsis @grc

defection
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: ἀπόστασις LSJ http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=a%29posta%2Fsewn&la=greek&can=a%29posta%2Fsewn0&prior=tw=n&d=Perseus:text:1999.01.0199:book=1:chapter=99:section=1&i=1#Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=a)po/stasis-contents @grc
preferred label: αποστασία @el

definite description
type: Class
subclass of: lexical unit
alternative label: ακριβής περιγραφή @el

deforestation
type: Class
subclass of: environmental crisis
type: NamedIndividual
comment: συστηματική υλοτόμηση των δασών και της υποβλάστησής τους @el
label: αποψίλωση δασών @el
comment: removal of forests and their undergrowth

deme (Ancient Athens)
type: Class
subclass of: urban area
type: NamedIndividual
label: δῆμος @grc
label: δήμος (Αρχαία Αθήνα) @el

demonstration
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: διαδήλωση @el

dispatch of troops
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: αποστολή στρατεύματος @el
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text

drought
type: Class
subclass of: environmental crisis
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: ανομβρία @el
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
alternative label: ξηρασία @el
preferred label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drought

earthquake
type: Class
subclass of: environmental crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: σεισμός @el
Perseus LSJ URI: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text

economic crisis
type: Class
subclass of: financial crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: οικονομική κρίση @el

elections
type: Class
subclass of: political action
type: NamedIndividual
label: εκλογές @el

empire
type: Class
subclass of: geo-political division
type: NamedIndividual
label: αυτοκρατορία @el

end of alliance
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
see also: λήξη της συμμαχίας @el

environmental crisis
type: Class
subclass of: crisis
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: περιβαλλοντική κρίση @el
comment: crises occurring in the natural world, the ecosystem
alternative label: οικολογική κρίση @el
comment: κρίσεις που συμβαίνουν στον φυσικό κόσμο, το οικοσύστημα @el
alternative label: ecological crisis

pandemic
type: Class
subclass of: public health crisis
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: πανδημία @el
label: epidemic
label: επιδημία @el

ethnic group
type: Class
subclass of: Group
comment: the citizens of a city-state (polis)
comment: το σύνολο των πολιτών μιας πόλης-κράτους @el
label: εθνοτική ομάδα @el

Event
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: LACRIMALit
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: agent
    min qualified cardinality: 1
    on class: Agent
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: causedBy
    min qualified cardinality: 0
    on class: Event
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: consequence
    min qualified cardinality: 0
    on class: Event
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: location
    min qualified cardinality: 1
    on class: location
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: sub event
    min qualified cardinality: 0
    on class: Event
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: begin date
    qualified cardinality: 1
    on data range: rational
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: end date
    qualified cardinality: 1
    on data range: rational
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Το γεγονός LACRIMALit είναι μια δραστηριότητα (υποκλάση του CIDOC-CRM E 7 Activity) που εκτελείται από ένα στιγμιότυπο (instance) LACRIMALit πράκτορα agent (υποκατηγορία του CIDOC-CRM E 39 Actor) που λαμβάνει χώρα σε μια τοποθεσία LACRIMALit και έχει ημερομηνία έναρξης και λήξης. @el
subclass of: https://cidoc-crm.org/Entity/e7-activity/version-6.2
comment: LACRIMALit Event is an Activity (subClass of CIDOC-CRM E 7 Activity) carried out by an instance of LACRIMALit Agent (subClass of CIDOC-CRM E 39 Actor) that occurs at an instance of LACRIMALit Location and has a beginning date and an end date.

expulsion
type: Class
subclass of: migrant crisis
type: NamedIndividual
note: displacement of population
label: ἐξορία @grc
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph#lexicon
label: εκτόπιση πληθυσμού @el

Famine
type: Class
subclass of: environmental crisis
type: NamedIndividual
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
note: λιμός @el
note: famine

festival
type: Class
subclass of: Event
type: NamedIndividual
comment: ἑορτή @grc
comment: Μια ευκαιρία για γλέντι ή εορτασμό, ιδίως μια ημέρα ή ώρα θρησκευτικής σημασίας που επαναλαμβάνεται σε τακτά χρονικά διαστήματα. @el
comment: An occasion for feasting or celebration, especially a day or time of religious significance that recurs at regular intervals.
comment: γιορτή @el

financial crisis
type: Class
subclass of: crisis
type: NamedIndividual

financial mismanagement of public money
type: Class
subclass of: financial crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: κακοδιαχείριση δημόσιου χρήματος @el
definition: Financial mismanagement is management that, deliberately or not, is handled in a way that can be characterized as "wrong, bad, careless, inefficient or incompetent" and that will reflect negatively upon the financial standing of a business or individual. "Cambridge Dictionary". Retrieved 20 October 2014. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_mismanagement

function
type: Class
subclass of: LACRIMALit
comment: a person's role or occupation

geo-political division
type: Class
subclass of: location
type: NamedIndividual

Group
type: Class
subclass of: Human Agent
disjoint with: Person
comment: set of people
subclass of: https://cidoc-crm.org/Entity/e74-group/version-6.0
name: LACRIMALit Group

gulf
type: Class
subclass of: sea location
type: NamedIndividual
label: κόλπος @el

harangue
type: Class
subclass of: political action
type: NamedIndividual
label: δημηγορία @grc

hegemony
type: Class
subclass of: political action
type: NamedIndividual
comment: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dh(gemoni%2Fa ἡγεμον-ία , ἡ, A.leading the way, going first, Hdt.2.93; τῇ τῶν δυναστευόντων ἡ. by their example, Pl.Lg.711c. II. authority, rule, of dynasties or nations, Hdt.1.7, 3.65, etc.; of a general or officer, Th.4.91; “ἐν ἡγεμονίαις” Id.7.15; ἡ ἡ. τῶν Ἰώνων τοῦ πολέμου Hdt.6.2; ἡ κατὰ πόλεμον ἡ., τῶν πολεμικῶν ἡ ἡ., Arist.Pol. 1285b9, 18; “αἱ ἡ. τῶν στρατοπέδων” Pl.Euthd.273c; “τῶν ὀπισθοφυλάκων” X.An.4.7.8; ἡ. δικαστηρίου presidency in a court, Aeschin.3.14; headship of a philosophical school, Phld.Acad.Ind.p.59 M. 2. political supremacy, “ἡ ἡ. τῆς 'Ελλάδος” X.HG7.1.33; “παρ᾽ ἑκόντων τῶν 'Ελλήνων τὴν ἡ. ἐλάβομεν” Isoc.8.30; “ἡ. ἡ κατὰ θάλατταν” Id.12.67, cf. Arist. Ath.23.2; ἡ ἐν 'Αρείῳ πάγῳ βουλὴ οὐδενὶ δόγματι λαβοῦσα τὴν ἡ. ib.1, cf.Pol.1304a23; political leadership of an individual, ib.1296a39; γένος ὑπερέχον πρὸς ἡ. πολιτικήν ib.1288a9. b. = Lat. imperium, Plu. Mar.36, D.C.60.17, etc.; “Αἴγυπτον δήμου 'Ρωμαίων ἡγεμονίᾳ προσέθηκα” Mon.Anc.Gr.15.1; “τοῖς καλοῖς τῆς ἡ. νόμοις” Ath.Mech.39.7; τριῶν τῶν μεγίστων ἡ. Plu.Luc.30; reign of an Emperor, Ev.Luc.3.1; office of prefect, POxy.237v6 (ii A.D.), al. III. military unit, regiment, IG22.657 (pl.), PRein.9.13 (ii B.C.), Plu.Cam.23 (pl.); but αἱ μείζονες ἡ. the higher commands, Ael.Tact.10.4. Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.
comment: ἡγεμον-ία @grc
preferred label: ηγεμονία @el

Human Agent
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
disjoint with: Natural Agent
name: LACRIMAlit Human Agent

insurrection
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
alternative label: ανταρσία @el
preferred label: εξέγερση @el

inundation
type: Class
subclass of: environmental crisis
type: NamedIndividual
comment: an overflow of water; a flood; a rising and spreading of water over low grounds
label: πλημμυρίς @grc
comment: υπερχείλιση νερού, πλημμύρα, άνοδος και εξάπλωση του νερού σε χαμηλά εδάφη @el
label: πλημμύρα @el
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text

invasion
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
Perseus LSJ URI: εισβολή @el

island or island group
type: Class
subclass of: sea location
type: NamedIndividual
label: νησί ή νησιωτικό σύμπλεγμα @el

LACRIMALit
type: Class
disjoint with: lexical unit
disjoint with: Reference
comment: LACRIMALit ontology conceptual dimension

land battle
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: battle
  intersection of: Class
    complement of: Restriction
      on property: location
      some values from: sea location
disjoint with: naval battle
type: NamedIndividual
label: μάχη στην ξηρά @el

lexical unit
type: Class
alternative label: λεξική μονάδα @el

location
type: Class
subclass of: LACRIMALit
comment: A place where something is located; a site.
subclass of: https://cidoc-crm.org/Entity/e53-place/version-6.2.1

migrant crisis
type: Class
subclass of: crisis
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: μεταναστευτική κρίση @el

military crisis
type: Class
subclass of: crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: πολεμική κρίση @el

military function
type: Class
subclass of: function
type: NamedIndividual

monetary crisis
type: Class
subclass of: financial crisis
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: νομισματική κρίση @el
alternative label: κρίση νομίσματος @el
alternative label: currency crisis

murder
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text

Natural Agent
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
comment: A natural agent (e.g., earthquake)
comment: Φυσικό στοιχείο/παράγοντας (π.χ. σεισμός) @el

naval battle
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: battle
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: location
    qualified cardinality: 1
    on class: sea location
type: NamedIndividual
Perseus LSJ URI: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
preferred label: ναυμαχία @grc

olympic Games
type: Class
subclass of: sport festival
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: Olympic Games
alternative label: Olympics
label: Ολυμπιακοί Αγώνες @el

ostracism
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
comment: Ostracismus（ὀστρακισμός, i. e. vote by potsherd, ὄστρακον). A mode of judgment by the people practised in various Greek States (Argos, Megara, Miletus), and especially at Athens, by which persons whose presence appeared dangerous to liberty were banished for a certain period, without, however, thereby suffering any loss in reputation or property. Ostracism was introduced at Athens in B.C. 509. It was applied (among others) to Themistocles, Aristides, Cimon, and Alcibiades, and was last exercised in 417 against a demagogue, one Hyberbolus, whose insignificance made the measure ridiculous, and so brought about its abolition (Thuc.viii. 73; Nicias, 11, Alcibiades, 13). Every year the question was put to the people, whether the measure appeared necessary: if they so decided (and it was only exceptionally that there was occasion for it), the citizens who possessed the franchise assembled in the marketplace, and each wrote upon a sherd (ὄστρακον) the name of the person whose banishment he deemed desirable. The man whose name was found upon not less than 6000 sherds had to leave the country in ten days at latest, for ten or (later) five years. He could, however, at any time be recalled by a decree of the people; and the question, as before, was decided by not less than 6000 votes. (See Arist. Pol. iii. 13 § 15 Pol., 17 § 7 Pol., v. 3 3; Plut. Arist. 7; cf. Grote's History of Greece, chap. xxxi.). Harry Thurston Peck. Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. New York. Harper and Brothers. 1898. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0062:entry=ostracismus-harpers
label: exile
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph#lexicon
label: οστρακισμός @el
label: εξορία @el

Panathenaic Festival
type: Class
subclass of: religious festival
type: NamedIndividual
alternative label: Panathenaia Festival
preferred label: Μεγάλα Παναθήναια @el
label: Panathenaic festival

pandemic
type: Class
subclass of: public health crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: πανδημία @el
label: επιδημία @el

perceived threat to power
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: ἐπιβουλή @grc
label: επιβουλή @el

performed function
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: Event
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: function
    qualified cardinality: 1
    on class: function
comment: a position or occupation performed
comment: επιτελεσθείσα δραστηριότητα/υπηρεσία/αξίωμα @el

Person
type: Class
subclass of: Human Agent
comment: A human (person)
comment: Άνθρωπος (πρόσωπο) @el
subclass of: https://cidoc-crm.org/Entity/e21-person/version-6.0
name: LACRIMALit Person

piratical attack
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: πειρατική επίθεση @el

political action
type: Class
subclass of: Event
type: NamedIndividual
label: πολιτική πράξη @el
comment: δράση που αποσκοπεί στην επίτευξη ενός σκοπού με τη χρήση της πολιτικής εξουσίας ή με τη δραστηριοποίηση σe πολιτικούς διαύλους @el
comment: action designed to attain a purpose by the use of political power or by activity in political channels

League
type: Class
subclass of: Association
label: political association
label: Κοινόν @el
label: Συμμαχία @el
alternative label: Koinon @el
definition: An association of states, organizations, or individuals for common action; an alliance. Wordnik https://www.wordnik.com/words/league
definition: Commonwealth
note: Koinon, meaning "common", in the sense of "public", had many interpretations, some societal, some governmental. The word was the neuter form of the adjective, roughly equivalent in the governmental sense to Latin res publica, "the public thing". Among the most frequent uses is "commonwealth", the government of a single state, such as the Athenian. Frequent in the historical writings is a sense of "league" or "federation" an association of distinct city-states in a sympoliteia. As government of a league, koinon comprised such functions as defense, diplomacy, economics, and religious practices among its member states. The word was carried over to other political associations in mediaeval and modern Greek history. In Epirus itself there had in ancient times existed the Koinon of the Molossians. There was a Lacedaemonian League, centred on Sparta and its old dominions for a period under Roman rule, a Koinon of the Macedonians, also under Roman rule.Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koinon

political crisis
type: Class
subclass of: crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: πολιτική κρίση @el

political function
type: Class
subclass of: function
type: NamedIndividual
comment: πολιτικός @el

port settlement
type: Class
subclass of: urban area
type: NamedIndividual
label: οικισμός λιμανιού @el

proper name
type: Class
subclass of: lexical unit
label: κύριο όνομα @el
alternative label: κυριώνυμο @el

public health crisis
type: Class
subclass of: crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: υγειονομική κρίση @el

Pythia
type: Class
subclass of: religious festival
type: NamedIndividual
label: Πύθια @el

reform
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual

refusal to prostrate
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual

religious association
type: Class
subclass of: Association
label: θρησκευτική οργάνωση @el

religious festival
type: Class
subclass of: festival
type: NamedIndividual

revolt
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual

riot
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: ταραχές @el
label: ταραχή @el

rural area
type: Class
subclass of: location
disjoint with: urban area
type: NamedIndividual
label: ύπαιθρος @el

sack
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19841484
label: άλωση @el

sea
type: Class
subclass of: sea location
type: NamedIndividual

sea location
type: Class
subclass of: location
type: NamedIndividual
label: παραθαλάσσια τοποθεσία @el

secession
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
Perseus LSJ URI: η απόσυρση μιας ομάδας από μια ευρύτερη οντότητα (ιδίως μια πολιτική οντότητα, αλλά και από οποιαδήποτε οργάνωση, ένωση ή στρατιωτική συμμαχία) που προκαλεί εξέγερση @el
label: ἀπόστασις , εως, ἡ, (ἀφίστημι) @grc
Perseus LSJ URI: the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity (especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance) causing to revolt
Perseus LSJ URI: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph#lexicon
label: αποστασία @el

sedition
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: στάση @el
alternative label: στάσις @grc

siege
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
comment: Siege is an attempt of a belligerent force to break down the resistance of the enemy by preventing egress or ingress of men or entrance of supplies over a considerable period of time.The term is applied chiefly to a military as opposed to a naval attempt and implies investment with troops on all sides of a fortified place (often a city).
label: πολιορκία @el

sport festival
type: Class
subclass of: festival
type: NamedIndividual

suburb
type: Class
subclass of: urban area
type: NamedIndividual
label: προάστειο @el

term
type: Class
subclass of: lexical unit
label: όρος @el

trade association
type: Class
subclass of: Association
comment: trade or professional association, collectivity of people gathered together with a common and permanent objective,"a degree of economic corporeality and "a progressive propensity for communal contracting as a group" (Gabrielsen, V. and M. C.D. Paganini. 2021. Private Assocations in the Ancient Greek World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 253)
comment: εμπορική ή επαγγελματική ένωση, συλλογικότητα ανθρώπων που έχουν συγκεντρωθεί με κοινό και μόνιμο στόχο, "a degree of economic corporeality and "a progressive propensity for communal contracting as a group" (Gabrielsen, V. and M. C.D. Paganini. 2021. Private Assocations in the Ancient Greek World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 253) @el
label: εμπορική ένωση @el

treason
type: Class
subclass of: political crisis
type: NamedIndividual
preferred label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treason
definition: https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1
label: προδοσία @el

truce
type: Class
subclass of: political action
type: NamedIndividual
label: σπονδή @grc
label: συνθήκη ειρήνης @el
label: εκεχειρία @el
label: armistice
label: peace treaty

tidal wave
type: Class
subclass of: environmental crisis
type: NamedIndividual
label: παλιρροϊκό κύμα @el
label: tsunami
comment: very large ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption often causing inundation on lower grounds
comment: πολύ μεγάλο ωκεάνιο κύμα που προκαλείται από υποθαλάσσιο σεισμό ή ηφαιστειακή έκρηξη και συχνά προκαλεί πλημμύρα σε παραθαλάσσια εδάφη με χαμηλό υψόμετρο @el
label: τσουνάμι @el

urban area
type: Class
subclass of: location
type: NamedIndividual
label: αστική περιοχή @el

war
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
Perseus LSJ URI: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
label: πόλεμος @grc

war declaration
type: Class
subclass of: military crisis
type: NamedIndividual
alternative label: declaration of war
see also: war declaration
see also: κήρυξη πολέμου @el

Adeimantus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
son of: Leucolophides
comment: Adeimantus (Ancient Greek: Ἀδείμαντος), son of Leucolophides (Ancient Greek: Λευκολοφίδης), an Athenian, was one of the commanders with Alcibiades in the expedition against Andros in 407 BC.
comment: Ο Αδείμαντος (Αρχαία Ελληνικά: Ἀδείμαντος), γιος του Λευκολοφίδη (Αρχαία Ελληνικά: Λευκολοφίδης), ήταν Αθηναίος και ένας από τους διοικητές μαζί με τον Αλκιβιάδη στην εκστρατεία κατά της Άνδρου το 407 π.Χ.. @el
label: Αδείμαντος @el
see also: 2. The son of Leucolophides, an Athenian, was one of the commanders with Alcibiades in the expedition against Andros, B. C. 407. (Xen. Hell. 1.4.21.) He was again appointed one of the Athenian generals after the battle of Arginusae, B. C. 406, and continued in office till the battle of Aegospotami, B. C. 405, where he was one of the commanders, and was taken prisoner. He was the only one of the Athenian prisoners who was not put to death, because he had opposed the decrec for cutting off the right hands of the Lacedaemonians who might be taken in the battle. He was accused by many of treachery in this battle, and was afterwards impeached by Conon. (Xen. Hell. 1.7.1, 2.1.30-32; Paus. 4.17.2, x.. § 5; Dem. de fals. leg. p. 401.; Lys. c. Alc. pp. 143, 21.) Aristophanes speaks of Adeimantus in the "Frogs" (1513), which was acted in the year of the battle, as one whose death was wished for; and he also calls him, apparently out of jest, the son of Leucolophus, that is, "White Crest." In the " Protagoras" of Plato, Adeimantus is also spoken of as present on that occasion (p. 315c.). William Smith. A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology. London. John Murray: printed by Spottiswoode and Co., New-Street Square and Parliament Street. In the article on Soranus, we find: "at this present time (1848)" and this date seems to reflect the dates of works cited. 1873 - probably the printing date. https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=adeimantus-bio-2&highlightauth=-407#match1

Aemilius Paulus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Αιμίλιος Παύλος @el
alternative label: Λούκιος Αιμίλιος Παύλος Μακεδονικός @el

Aeropus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
preferred label: Αέροπος @el

Agesandridas
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
comment: son of a "Hegesander" or "Agesander", perhaps the same who is mentioned as a member of the last Spartan embassy sent to Athens before the Peloponnesian War, was himself a Spartan general in that war.
label: Ἀγησανδρίδας @grc
label: Ἡγησανδρίδας @grc

Agesilaus I
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Αγησίλαος Ι @el
see also: son of Doryssus, 6th king of the Agiad line at Sparta, excluding Aristodemus

Agesilaus II
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
born in: Laconia
name: Αγησίλαος ΙΙ @grc

Agiads
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
see also: Agiads dynasty
see also: Δυναστεία των Αγιαδών @el
name: Αγιάδες @el

Agis II
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Άγις @el

Alcibiades
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
comment: Alcibiades disembarked his army at Gaurium, in the territory of Andros; and when the men of Andros and the Laconians who were there came forth to meet him, the Athenians routed them, shut them up in their city, and killed some few of them. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0206%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D4
label: Ἀλκιβιάδης @grc

Alcidas
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Αλκίδας @el
label: Ἀλκίδας @grc

Alexander, son of Aeropos
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Αλέξανδρος, γιος του Αέροπου @el

Alexander III king of Macedon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Μέγας Αλέξανδρος @el
name: Αλέξανδρος ΙΙΙ βασιλιάς της Μακεδονίας @el

Diadochoi
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: the rival generals, families, and friends of Alexander the Great who fought for control over his empire after his death in 323 BC.
comment: οι αντίπαλοι στρατηγοί, οικογένειες και φίλοι του Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου που πολέμησαν για τον έλεγχο της αυτοκρατορίας του μετά το θάνατό του το 323 π.Χ. @el
label: Successors of Alexander the Great
label: Διάδοχοι του Μ. Αλεξάνδρου @el
name: Diadochi
name: Διάδοχοι @el

Ambraciots
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of a city of ancient Greece on the site of modern Arta
label: Αμβρακιώτες @el

Amphipolis citizens
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of the city of Amphipolis
label: Amphipolitans
label: Αμφιπολίτες @el

Andrians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitants of the island of Andros and citizens of the namesake capital of the island in ancient times @el
comment: κάτοικοι του νησιού της Άνδρου και πολίτες της ομώνυμης πρωτεύουσας του νησιού κατά την αρχαιότητα @el
label: Ανδριώτες
label: Ἄνδριος-ιοι @grc

Antiochus III the Great
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Αντίοχος ΙΙΙ ο Μέγας @el

Argives
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: citizens of the city of Argos
label: Αργείοι @el
name: Ἀργεῖοι @grc

Aristides
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
born in: Athens
year of birth: -540
year of death: -467
comment: Αθηναίος στρατηγός και πολιτικός, επονομαζόμενος και «δίκαιος» @el
label: Αριστείδης @el
see also: Athenian statesman, known as 'Aristides the just'

Aristocrates
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Αριστοκράτης @el

Aristogenes
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Αριστογένης @el

Arrhabaeus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
comment: Arrhabaeus, son of Aeropus of Lyncestis, a conspirator against Philip II of Macedon. He was executed, along with his brother Heromenes. His son Amyntas served as cavalry officer of Alexander the Great.
label: Αρραβαίος @el

Arrian
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Αρριανός @el

Athenian League
type: NamedIndividual
type: League
label: Αθηναϊκή Συμμαχία @el
alternative label: Delian League
alternative label: Δηλιακή Συμμαχία @el

Athenian fleet
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: Aθηναϊκός στόλος @el
label: ναυτικό των Αθηναίων @el

Athenians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Athens
label: Aθηναίοι
label: Ἀθηναῖοι @grc

the Four Hundred (Oligarchs)
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: οι Τετρακόσιοι (Ολιγαχρικοί) @el

Athenian democrats
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: Athenians, supporters of the democratic party
label: Aθηναίοι δημοκρατικοί @el

Athenian oligarchs
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: proSpartan supporters of the Athenian oligarchic party
label: Αθηναίοι ολιγαρχικοί @el

Boeotians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Boeotia
label: Βοιωτοί @el

Boetian League
type: NamedIndividual
type: League
comment: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeotia#Boeotian_League
label: Βοιωτική Συμμαχία @el

Bottiaeans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: were an ancient people of uncertain origin, living in Central Macedonia
label: Bottiaei
label: Βοττιαίοι @el
label: Βοττιαῖοι @grc

Brasidas
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
born in: Laconia
died in: Amphipolis
label: Βρασίδας @el

Brutus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Marcus Junius Brutus
label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Junius_Brutus
label: Βρούτος @el

Callias II
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Καλλίας ΙΙ @el

Callicratidas
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
born in: Laconia
label: Καλλικρατίδας @el

Callisthenes
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Καλλισθένης @el

Marcus Furius Camillus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
comment: a Roman soldier and statesman of the patrician class
see also: Μάρκος Φούριος Κάμιλλος @el

Cassius
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Gaius Cassius Longinus
label: Κάσσιος @el

Chaereas
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Χαιρέας @el

Chians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Chios
comment: Χίοι
label: Χιώτες @el
label: Χῖοι @grc

Clazomenaeans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: citizens of Clazomenae @el
label: Κλαζομένιοι @grc

Clearchus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Κλέαρχος @el

Cleombrotus I
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
died in: Leuctra
label: Κλεόμβροτος Ι @el
name: Κλεόμβροτος I @el

Cleon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
born in: Athens
died in: Amphipolis
label: Kλέων @grc
label: Κλέων
name: Κλέωνας @el

Colophonians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitants/citizens of Colophon, ancient city of Ionia, near the coast of Asia Minor, between Levedos and Ephesus
comment: κάτοικοι/πολίτες της Κολοφώνας, αρχαίας πόλης της Ιωνίας, κοντά στις ακτές της Μικράς Ασίας, ανάμεσα στην Λέβεδο και την Έφεσο @el
label: Κολοφώνιοι @el

Conon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Κόνων @el

Corcyreans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitants/citizens of Corcyra, ancient island and city in the Ionian Sea (modern name: Corfu)
comment: κάτοικοι/πολίτες της Κέρκυρας, αρχαίο νησί και πόλη στο Ιόνιο Πέλαγος (σύγχρονη ονομασία: Κέρκυρα) @el
label: Κερκυραίοι @el
label: Κερκυραῖοι @grc

Corcyrean democrats
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: Corcyreans, supporters of the pro-Athenian Corcyrean democratic party
comment: Kερκυραίοι, υποστηρικτές του φιλοΑθηναϊκού δημοκρατικού κόμματος @el
label: Κερκυραίοι δημοκρατικοί @el

Corcyrean oligarchs
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: Corcyreans, supporters of the pro-Spartan Corcyrean oligarchic party
comment: Κερκυραίοι, υποστηρικτές του Λακωνόφιλου κόμματος των ολιγαρχικών @el
label: Κερκυραίοι ολιγαρχικοί @el

agt-Corinth allies
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: Corinth's allies
comment: σύμμαχοι των Κορινθίων @el

Corinthians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitans/citizen of Corinth
comment: κάτοικοι/πολίτες της Κορίνθου @el
label: Κορίνθιοι @el

Craterus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Κρατερός @el
name: Kρατερός @el

Darius III
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Δαρείος ΙΙΙ @el

Delian League
type: NamedIndividual
type: League
label: Δηλιακή Συμμαχία @el
label: Συμμαχία της Δήλου @el

Delians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitans/citizens of Delos
comment: κάτοικοι/πολίτες της Δήλου @el
label: Δήλιοι @el

Demosthenes
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Δημοσθένης @el

Dieitrephes
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
father of: Nicostratus

Diomedon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Διομέδων @el

Epameinondas
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
died in: Mantineia
year of birth: -418
year of death: -362
label: Επαμεινώνδας @el
alternative label: Epaminondas

Ephesians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitans/citizens of Ephesus/Ephesos
comment: κάτοικοι/πολίτες της Εφέσου @el
label: Εφέσιοι @el
label: Ἐφέσιοι @grc

Epidamnians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens/inhabitans of the ancient Greek city of Epidamnos or Epidamnus (Greek: Ἐπίδαμνος), (Albanian: Epidamni) later the Roman Dyrrachium (Δυρράχιον) (Albanian: Dyrrahu) (modern Durrës, Albania), was founded in 627 BC in Illyria by a group of colonists from Corinth and Corcyra (modern Corfu)
comment: πολίτες/κάτοικοι της αρχαίας ελληνικής πόλης της Επιδαύρου ή Επιδαύρου (ελληνικά: Ἐπίδαμνος), (αλβανικά: Epidamni) αργότερα το ρωμαϊκό Dyrrachium (Δυρράχιον) (αλβανικά: Dyrrahu) (σύγχρονο Durrës, Αλβανία), ιδρύθηκε το 627 π.Χ. στην Ιλλυρία από μια ομάδα αποίκων από την Κόρινθο και την Κέρκυρα (σύγχρονη Κέρκυρα) @el
label: Επιδάμνιοι @el
label: Ἐπιδάμνιοι @grc

Erasinides
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
label: Ερασινίδης @el
label: Ἐρασινίδης @grc

Erythraeans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: citizens of Erythrae or Erythrai (Greek: Ἐρυθραί), one of the twelve Ionian cities of Asia Minor
label: Ερυθραίοι
label: Ἐρυθραῖοι @grc

Eteonicus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Person
comment: Spartan commander during the Peloponnesian and Corinthian wars
label: Ετεόνικος @el
label: Ἐτεόνικος

Eurylochus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Ευρύλοχος @el
label: Εὐρύλοχος @grc

agt-Eurypontid dynasty Sparta
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: Eurypontid dynasty (Sparta)
comment: Δυναστεία Ευρυποντιδών (Σπάρτη) @el

agt-Four Hundred
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
see also: 400 Hundred

Greek Carians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: citizens of the Greek cities of Caria
label: Έλληνες της Καρίας @el

Greek Lydians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Greek city-states in western Asia Minor located generally east of ancient Ionia
label: ΄Ελληνες της Λυδίας

Tyrannicides
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: Τυραννοκτόνοι @el
see also: Harmodios and Aristogeiton
see also: Αρμόδιος και Αριστογείτων @el

Hephaestion
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Ηφαιστίων @el

Hermocrates
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Ερμοκράτης @el
label: Ἑρμοκράτης @grc

Hipparchos
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Ίππαρχος @el

Hippocrates
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
comment: Spartan general at the naval battle of Cyzicus
label: Ιπποκράτης @el

Ionian League
type: NamedIndividual
type: League
alternative label: Panionic League

agt-Ionians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: Ionians
comment: Ίωνες @el

Julius Caesar
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Ιούλιος Καίσαρας @el

League of Corinth
type: NamedIndividual
type: League
alternative label: Hellenic League

citizens of Lebedus
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League, located south of Smyrna, Klazomenai and neighboring Teos and before Ephesus further south. It was on the coast, ninety stadia (16.65 km) to the east of Cape Myonnesus, and 120 (22.2 km) west of Colophon.
label: πολίτες της Λεβέδου @el

Lesbians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: citizens of Lesbos
label: Λέσβιοι @el
label: πολίτες της Λέσβου @el

Leucadians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: Λευκαδίτες @el

Leucolophides
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Λευκολοφίδης @el

Lyciscus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Λυκίσκος @el

Lysander
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Λύσανδρος @el

Lysias
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Λυσίας @el

Lysimachus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
comment: father of the Athenian politician Aristides the Just who had a grandson of the same name through Aristides
comment: πατέρας του Αθηναίου πολιτικού Αριστείδη του Δίκαιου, ο οποίος είχε έναν εγγονό με το ίδιο όνομα μέσω του Αριστείδη @el
label: Λυσίμαχος @el

Macedonian army
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Macedonian_army
label: Μακεδονικός στρατός @el

Greek tribe that lived on the alluvial plain around the rivers Haliacmon and lower Axios in the northeastern part of mainland Greece in ancient times.
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: Macedonians
label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Macedonians
label: Μακεδόνες @el

Malliotes
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizen of Mallus, Cilicia
label: Mallotes
label: Μαλλώτης @grc

Mendeans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitants of Mende
label: Μενδαίοι @el

Menedaius
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
comment: Spartan general at the battle at Olpae against the Athenians in 426 BC
label: Μενεδάιος @el
label: Μενεδάϊος @grc
label: Σπαρτιάτης στρατηγός στη μάχη των Ολπών εναντίον των Αθηναίων το 426 π.Χ. @el

Messenians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
alternative label: Helots
note: he lowest class of the Spartan state who lived in oppressive, hereditary servitude, and who were for the most part engaged in agriculture. They lived throughout Laconia and also in adjacent Messenia, where the Helot system had been extended by Spartan conquest, and they apparently far outnumbered their masters, who feared as well as exploited them. Source: The Landamark Thucydides. A Comprehensive Guide to the Peloponnesian War. https://erenow.net/ancient/the-landmark-thucydides-a-comprehensive-guide-to-the-peloponnesian-war/25.php
note: Είλωτες @el
note: Εἵλωτες @grc

agt-Milesians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: Milesians
comment: Μιλήσιοι @el

Mindarus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Μίνδαρος @el

agt-Myos citizens
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
see also: citizens of Mys
see also: πολίτες του Μυός @el

Nicias
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Νικίας @el

Nicostratus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
name: Νικόστρατος @el

Parians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
see also: citizens of Paros
see also: πολίτες της Πάρου @el

Parmenion
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Παρμενίων @el

Pasitelidas
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Πασιτελίδας @el

Pausanias, father of Cleombrotus I
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Παυσανίας, πατέρας του Κλεόμβροτου Ι @el
label: Παυσανίας, πατέρας του Κλεόμβροτους Ι @el

Pausanias of Orestis
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Παυσανίας ἐκ τῆς Ὀρεστίδος @grc
name: Παυσανίας από την Ορεστίδα @el

Peisianax
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Πεισιάναξ @el

Peithias
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Πειθίας @el

Pelopidas
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Πελοπίδας @el

Peloponnesian League
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: Πελοποννησιακή Συμμαχία @el

Peloponnesians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitants of the Peloponnese
comment: κάτοικοι της Πελοποννήσου

Pericles
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
lives in: Athens
label: Περικλής @el

Pericles the Younger
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Περικλής ο Νεώτερος @el

Persian army
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: Περσικός στρατός @el

Persian fleet
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: Περσικό ναυτικό @el
label: Περσικός στόλος @el

Persians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
see also: ancient Iranian people
see also: αρχαίο Ιρανικό φύλο @el

Pharnabazus II
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Φαρνάβαζος ΙΙ @el
name: Pharnavazus II

Philip II of Macedon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has function: king
comment: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon
label: Φίλιππος ΙΙ ο Μακεδόνας @el
birthday: -382
name: Φίλιππος ΙΙ Μακεδόνας @el

Philocles
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Φιλοκλής @el

agt-Phocaeans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Phocaea
see also: ancient Ionian Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia
see also: αρχαία Ελληνική πόλη της Ιωανίς στη Δυτική ακτή της Ανατολίας @el

Phrynichus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has parent: Stratonides
year of death: -411
label: Φρύνιχος @el

Pleistoanax
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Πλειστοάναξ

Plutarch
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person

Potidaeans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
label: Ποτιδαιάτες @el
see also: citizens of Potidaea in Chalcidiki
see also: πολίτες της Ποτίδαιας στη Χαλκιδική @el

Prienians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Priene
comment: κάτοικοι της Πριήνης @el
label: Πριηνείς @el

Protomachus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
name: Πρωτόμαχος @el

Ptolemy
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Πτολεμαίος @el

Pythodelos
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Πυθόδηλος @el

Roman army
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: Ρωμαϊκός στρατός @el

Samians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Samos
comment: κάτοικοι της Σάμου @el
label: Σάμιοι @el

Segestans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Segesta in Sicily
comment: κάτοικοι της Αίγεστας στη Σικελία @el
label: Εγεσταίοι @el
label: Ἐγεσταῖοι @grc

Simonides
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Σιμωνίδης @el

Sitalces
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
comment: a prince of the Odrysian royal house (Thrace)
comment: γιος του βασιλιά των Οδρυσσών (Θράκη) @el
label: Sitalkes
label: Σιτάλκης ΙΙ @el
name: Sitalces II
name: Sitalkes II

Smyrnans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Smyrna in Anatolia
comment: πολίτες της Σμύρνης στην Ανατολία @el
label: Σμυρναίοι @el
label: Σμυρναῖοι @grc

Socrates
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
has performed function: Socrates epistates of prytans
label: Σωκράτης @el

Solon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
lives in: Athens
label: Σόλων @grc
name: Σόλωνας @el

Sophroniscus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
father of: Socrates
lives in: Athens
name: Σοφρωνίσκος @el

Peloponnesian League
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: Πελοποννησιακή Συμμαχία
note: Peloponnesian League alliance between Sparta, Corinth, Elis and Tegea which establishes Spartan hegemony over the Peloponnese between circa 550 and 366 BC.

Spartan fleet
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: Σπαρτιατικός στόλος @el

Spartans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Sparta
comment: πολίτες της Σπάρτης @el
label: Σπαρτιάτες @el
label: Σπαρτιᾶται @grc

Stratonides
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Στρατωνίδης @el

Syracusans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of Suracuse in Sicily
comment: κάτοικο/πολίτες της Συρακούσας (Σικελία) @el
label: Συρακόσιοι @el

Teians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: inhabitants/citizens of Teos, an ancient Greek city on the coast of Ionia
comment: κάτοικοι/πολίτες της Τέω, αρχαίας ελληνικής πόλης στις ακτές της Ιωνίας @el
label: Τήιοι @el

Thasians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of the ancient Greek island of Thasos
comment: citizens/inhabitans of Thasos
label: Θάσιοι @el

Thebans
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of the ancient Greek city of Thebes
comment: πολίτες της αρχαίας Θήβας @el
label: Θηβαίοι @el
label: Θηβαῖοι @grc

Theramenes
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Θηραμένης @el

Thessalians
type: NamedIndividual
type: ethnic group
comment: citizens of the ancient Greek region of Thessaly
comment: πολίτες της αρχαίας Θεσσαλίας @el
label: Θεσσαλοί @el
label: Θετταλοί @grc
label: κάτοικοι της Θεσσαλίας @el

Thirty tyrants
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: pro-Spartan oligarchy installed in Athens after its defeat in the Peloponnesian War in 404 BC
label: Τριάκοντα Τύραννοι @el

Thrasybulus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Θρασύβουλος @el

Thrasyllus
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Θράσυλλος @el

Thucles
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Θουκλής @el
label: Θουκλῆς @grc

Thucydides
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
born in: Athens
year of birth: -460
year of death: -400
comment: Athenian historian and general
label: Θουκυδίδης @el

Thymochares
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Θυμοχάρης @el

Twelve Lictors
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
comment: The lictors were instituted by Rome's first king, Romulus, who appointed twelve lictors to attend him. They were Roman civil servants who served as attendant and bodyguard to a magistrate who held imperium (a form of authority held by a citizen to control a military or governmental entity).
label: Δώδεκα Λίκτορες @el

Xenophon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
label: Ξενοφώντας @el
label: Ξενοφῶν @grc

agt-alliance Athenians Argives 462-461 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: Association
Perseus URI: The Lacedaemonians meanwhile finding the war against the rebels in Ithome likely to last, invoked the aid of their allies, and especially of the Athenians, who came in some force under the command of Cimon. The reason for this pressing summons lay in their reputed skill in siege operations; a long siege had taught the Lacedaemonians their own deficiency in this art, else they would have taken the place by assault. The first open quarrel between the Lacedaemonians and Athenians arose out of this expedition. The Lacedaemonians, when assault failed to take the place, apprehensive of the enterprising and revolutionary character of the Athenians, and further looking upon them as of alien extraction, began to fear that if they remained, they might be tempted by the besieged in Ithome to attempt some political changes. They accordingly dismissed them alone of the allies, without declaring their suspicions, but merely saying that they had now no need of them. But the Athenians, aware that their dismissal did not proceed from the more honorable reason of the two, but from suspicions which had been conceived, went away deeply offended, and conscious of having done nothing to merit such treatment from the Lacedaemonians; and the instant that they returned home they broke off the alliance which had been made against the Mede, and allied themselves with Sparta's enemy Argos; each of the contracting parties taking the same oaths and making the same alliance with the Thessalians. Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:1.102.1-4
Perseus URI: Λακεδαιμόνιοι δέ, ὡς αὐτοῖς πρὸς τοὺς ἐν Ἰθώμῃ ἐμηκύνετο ὁ πόλεμος, ἄλλους τε ἐπεκαλέσαντο ξυμμάχους καὶ Ἀθηναίους: οἱ δ᾽ ἦλθον Κίμωνος στρατηγοῦντος πλήθει οὐκ ὀλίγῳ. μάλιστα δ᾽ αὐτοὺς ἐπεκαλέσαντο ὅτι τειχομαχεῖν ἐδόκουν δυνατοὶ εἶναι, τοῖς δὲ πολιορκίας μακρᾶς καθεστηκυίας τούτου ἐνδεᾶ ἐφαίνετο: βίᾳ γὰρ ἂν εἷλον τὸ χωρίον. καὶ διαφορὰ ἐκ ταύτης τῆς στρατείας πρῶτον Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ Ἀθηναίοις φανερὰ ἐγένετο. οἱ γὰρ Λακεδαιμόνιοι, ἐπειδὴ τὸ χωρίον βίᾳ οὐχ ἡλίσκετο, δείσαντες τῶν Ἀθηναίων τὸ τολμηρὸν καὶ τὴν νεωτεροποιίαν, καὶ ἀλλοφύλους ἅμα ἡγησάμενοι, μή τι, ἢν παραμείνωσιν, ὑπὸ τῶν ἐν Ἰθώμῃ πεισθέντες νεωτερίσωσι, μόνους τῶν ξυμμάχων ἀπέπεμψαν, τὴν μὲν ὑποψίαν οὐ δηλοῦντες, εἰπόντες δὲ ὅτι οὐδὲν προσδέονται αὐτῶν ἔτι. οἱ δ᾽ Ἀθηναῖοι ἔγνωσαν οὐκ ἐπὶ τῷ βελτίονι λόγῳ ἀποπεμπόμενοι, ἀλλά τινος ὑπόπτου γενομένου, καὶ δεινὸν ποιησάμενοι καὶ οὐκ ἀξιώσαντες ὑπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων τοῦτο παθεῖν, εὐθὺς ἐπειδὴ ἀνεχώρησαν, ἀφέντες τὴν γενομένην ἐπὶ τῷ Μήδῳ ξυμμαχίαν πρὸς αὐτοὺς Ἀργείοις τοῖς ἐκείνων πολεμίοις ξύμμαχοι ἐγένοντο, καὶ πρὸς Θεσσαλοὺς ἅμα ἀμφοτέροις οἱ αὐτοὶ ὅρκοι καὶ ξυμμαχία κατέστη. Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.102.1-4 @grc

Allies of Athenians
type: NamedIndividual
type: League
label: City-state allies of Athens
alternative label: Σύμμαχες πόλεις-κράτη των Αθηναίων @el
alternative label: Σύμμαχοι των Αθηναίων @el

drought
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Natural Agent
label: ξηρασία @el

earthquake
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Natural Agent
label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake
label: σεισμός @el

famine
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Natural Agent
label: λιμός @el

inundation
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Natural Agent
label: πλημμύρα @el

pirates
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: πιρατές @el

prytanes
type: NamedIndividual
type: Group
label: πρυτάνεις @el

tsunami
type: NamedIndividual
type: Agent
type: Natural Agent
label: τσουνάμι @el

the Abydos battle
type: NamedIndividual
type: definite description
designation: Nαυμαχία της Αβύδου
language: en
status: alternative

the battle of Abydos
type: NamedIndividual
type: definite description
designation: Nαυμαχία της Αβύδου
language: en
status: preferred
note: designates the batlle of Abydos, one of the Athenian naval victory in the Peloponnesian war in 411 BC

Κερκυραϊκά
type: NamedIndividual
type: definite description
designation: sedition of Corfu
language: el

εμφύλιος πόλεμος στην Κέρκυρα
type: NamedIndividual
type: definite description
designation: sedition of Corfu
language: el

sedition of Corfu
type: NamedIndividual
type: definite description
designation: sedition of Corfu
language: en

sédition de Corfou
type: NamedIndividual
type: definite description
designation: sedition of Corfu
language: fr

Aegospotami battle
type: NamedIndividual
type: battle
type: land battle
agent: Athenians
agent: Lysander
location: Aegospotami
begin date: -405
end date: -405

Aetolian Campaign
type: NamedIndividual
type: expedition
begin date: -426
end date: -426
comment: Thuc. 3.105.1-3.114.3 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:3.105.1
label: Αιτωλική εκστρατεία

Agesilaus II, king of Sparta, 399-358 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
function: king
begin date: -399
end date: -358
label: Αγησίλαος ΙΙ, βασιλιάς της Σπάρτης, 399-358 π.Χ. @el

Alexander the Greak, reign, 336-323 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: Event
type: performed function
function: king
begin date: -336
end date: -323

Andros battle
type: NamedIndividual
type: battle
type: land battle
agent: Adeimantus
agent: Alcibiades
location: Gavrion

evt-Apatouria 406 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: Apatouria
location: Athens
begin date: -406
end date: -406

evt-Archidamian war
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
agent: Athenians
agent: Spartans
begin date: -431
end date: -404

evt-Athenians build ships Sicilian expedition
type: NamedIndividual
type: Military Action
agent: Athenians
location: Sicily
comment: the building of ships by the Athenians in Sicily during the Sicilian expedition in 415-413 BC
comment: η ναυπήγηση πλοίων από τους Αθηναίους στη Σικελία κατά τη διάρκεια της Σικελικής εκστρατείας 425-413 π.Χ. @el

sedition of Corfu
type: NamedIndividual
type: sedition
agent: Alcidas
agent: Brasidas
agent: Peithias
agent: Peloponnesians
location: Corcyra
Perseus reference: Κερκυραϊκά @el
label: Κερκυραϊκά @el
label: εμφύλιος πόλεμος στην Κέρκυρα @el

Corinthian war
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
agent: Agesilaus II
agent: Argives
agent: Athenians
agent: Corinthians
agent: Persians
agent: Spartans
agent: Thebans
location: Corinth
location: Thebes
begin date: -395
end date: -387
alternative label: War on Land
alternative label: Κορινθιακός πόλεμος @el

Decelean war
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
agent: Athenians
agent: Spartans
location: Athens
begin date: -413
end date: -404
comment: Named after Decelea, a town in Attica, best known for the fact that the Spartan occupation during the Decelean War (413-404). https://www.livius.org/articles/place/decelea/
alternative label: Ionian war

revolt
type: NamedIndividual
type: Oligarchy
agent: Alcibiades
location: Athens
alternative label: revolution
alternative label: επανάσταση @el

Peace of Antalcidas
type: NamedIndividual
type: truce
label: Ανταλκίδειος Ειρήνη @el
alternative label: The King's Peace
alternative label: Βασίλειος ειρήνη @el
alternative label: Ειρήνη του Βασιλέως @el

Peace of Callias
type: NamedIndividual
type: truce
agent: Athenians
agent: Callias II
agent: Persians
begin date: -449
label: Ειρήνη του Καλλία @el
label: Καλλίειος ειρήνη @el

Peace of Nicias
type: NamedIndividual
type: truce
agent: Athenians
agent: Nicias
agent: Spartans
linked event: evt-capture of Amphipolis
Perseus reference: 13. The following winter Rhamphias and his army went as far as Pierium in Thessaly, but as the1 Thessalians would not let them proceed2, and Brasidas, for whom these reinforcements were intended, was dead,' they returned home, thinking that the time for action had gone by. They felt that they were not competent to carry out the great designs of Brasidas, and the Athenians had now left the country defeated. [2] But their chief reason for not proceeding was that the Lacedaemonians, at the time when they left Sparta, were. inclined towards peace. 14. After the battle of Amphipolis and the return of Rhamphias from Thessaly, neither side1 undertook any military operations. Both alike were inclined to peace. The Athenians had been beaten at Delium, and shortly afterwards at Amphipolis; and so they had lost that confidence in their own strength which had indisposed them to treat at a time when temporary success seemed to make their final triumph certain. They were afraid too that their allies would be elated at their disasters, and that more of them would revolt; [2] they repented that after the affair at Pylos, when they might honourably have done so, they had not come to terms. The Lacedaemonians on the other hand inclined to peace because the course of the war had disappointed their expectations. [3] There was a time when they fancied that, if they only devastated Attica, they would crush the power of Athens within a few years2; and yet they had received a blow at Sphacteria such as Sparta had never experienced until then; their country was continually ravaged from Pylos and Cythera; the Helots were deserting, and they were always fearing lest those who had not deserted, relying on the help of those who had, should seize their opportunity and revolt, as they had done once before. [4] Moreover, the truce for thirty years which they had made with Argos was on the point of expiring; the Argives were unwilling to renew it unless Cynuria were restored to them, and the Laceda…
Perseus reference: 13. τοῦ δ᾽ ἐπιγιγνομένου χειμῶνος εὐθὺς μέχρι μὲν Πιερίου τῆς Θεσσαλίας διῆλθον οἱ περὶ τὸν Ῥαμφίαν, κωλυόντων δὲ τῶν Θεσσαλῶν καὶ ἅμα Βρασίδου τεθνεῶτος, ᾧπερ ἦγον τὴν στρατιάν, ἀπετράποντο ἐπ᾽ οἴκου, νομίσαντες οὐδένα καιρὸν ἔτι εἶναι τῶν τε Ἀθηναίων ἥσσῃ ἀπεληλυθότων καὶ οὐκ ἀξιόχρεων αὐτῶν ὄντων δρᾶν τι ὧν κἀκεῖνος ἐπενόει. [2] μάλιστα δὲ ἀπῆλθον εἰδότες τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους, ὅτε ἐξῇσαν, πρὸς τὴν εἰρήνην μᾶλλον τὴν γνώμην ἔχοντας. 14. ξυνέβη τε εὐθὺς μετὰ τὴν ἐν Ἀμφιπόλει μάχην καὶ τὴν Ῥαμφίου ἀναχώρησιν ἐκ Θεσσαλίας ὥστε πολέμου μὲν μηδὲν ἔτι ἅψασθαι μηδετέρους, πρὸς δὲ τὴν εἰρήνην μᾶλλον τὴν γνώμην εἶχον, οἱ μὲν Ἀθηναῖοι πληγέντες ἐπί τε τῷ Δηλίῳ καὶ δι᾽ ὀλίγου αὖθις ἐν Ἀμφιπόλει, καὶ οὐκ ἔχοντες τὴν ἐλπίδα τῆς ῥώμης πιστὴν ἔτι, ᾗπερ οὐ προσεδέχοντο πρότερον τὰς σπονδάς, δοκοῦντες τῇ παρούσῃ εὐτυχίᾳ καθυπέρτεροι γενήσεσθαι: [2] καὶ τοὺς ξυμμάχους ἅμα ἐδέδισαν σφῶν μὴ διὰ τὰ σφάλματα ἐπαιρόμενοι ἐπὶ πλέον ἀποστῶσι, μετεμέλοντό τε ὅτι μετὰ τὰ ἐν Πύλῳ καλῶς παρασχὸν οὐ ξυνέβησαν: [3] οἱ δ᾽ αὖ Λακεδαιμόνιοι παρὰ γνώμην μὲν ἀποβαίνοντος σφίσι τοῦ πολέμου, ἐν ᾧ ᾤοντο ὀλίγων ἐτῶν καθαιρήσειν τὴν τῶν Ἀθηναίων δύναμιν, εἰ τὴν γῆν τέμνοιεν, περιπεσόντες δὲ τῇ ἐν τῇ νήσῳ ξυμφορᾷ, οἵα οὔπω ἐγεγένητο τῇ Σπάρτῃ, καὶ λῃστευομένης τῆς χώρας ἐκ τῆς Πύλου καὶ Κυθήρων, αὐτομολούντων τε τῶν Εἱλώτων καὶ αἰεὶ προσδοκίας οὔσης μή τι καὶ οἱ ὑπομένοντες τοῖς ἔξω πίσυνοι πρὸς τὰ παρόντα σφίσιν ὥσπερ καὶ πρότερον νεωτερίσωσιν. [4] ξυνέβαινε δὲ καὶ πρὸς τοὺς Ἀργείους αὐτοῖς τὰς τριακοντούτεις σπονδὰς ἐπ᾽ ἐξόδῳ εἶναι, καὶ ἄλλας οὐκ ἤθελον σπένδεσθαι οἱ Ἀργεῖοι εἰ μή τις αὐτοῖς τὴν Κυνουρίαν γῆν ἀποδώσει, ὥστ᾽ ἀδύνατα εἶναι ἐφαίνετο Ἀργείοις καὶ Ἀθηναίοις ἅμα πολεμεῖν. τῶν τε ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ πόλεων ὑπώπτευόν τινας ἀποστήσεσθαι πρὸς τοὺς Ἀργείους: ὅπερ καὶ ἐγένετο. 15. ταῦτ᾽ οὖν ἀμφοτέροις αὐτοῖς λογιζομένοις ἐδόκει ποιητέα εἶναι ἡ ξύμβασις, καὶ οὐχ ἧσσον τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις, ἐπιθυμίᾳ τῶν ἀνδρῶν τῶν ἐκ τῆς νήσου κομίσασθαι: ἦσαν γὰρ οἱ Σπαρτιᾶται αὐτῶν πρῶτοί τε καὶ † ὁμοίως † σφίσι ξυγγενεῖς… @grc
label: Νικίειος ειρήνη @el

Πελοποννησιακός πόλεμος
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
agent: Alcibiades
agent: Lysander
agent: Pericles
location: Peloponnesus
sub event: Aegospotami battle
sub event: Andros battle
sub event: Arginoussai battle
begin date: -431
end date: -404
Perseus URI: [2] But the Argives, Athenians, Boeotians, and1 those among the Corinthians who had received a share of the money from the King, as well as those who had made themselves chiefly responsible for the war, realizing that if they did not put out of the way the people who had turned toward peace, the state would be in danger of going over to the Lacedaemonians again, undertook, under these circumstances, to bring about a general massacre. And in the first place, they devised the most sacrilegious of all schemes; for other people, even if a man is condemned by process of law, do not put him to death during a religious festival; but these men chose the last day of the Euclea,2 because they thought they would catch more people in the market-place, so as to kill them. Xen. Hell. 4.4.2 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA; William Heinemann, Ltd., London. vol. 1:1918; vol. 2: 1921. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0206%3Abook%3D4%3Achapter%3D4%3Asection%3D2
Perseus URI: [2] γνόντες δ᾽ οἱ Ἀργεῖοι καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Βοιωτοὶ καὶ Κορινθίων οἵ τε τῶν παρὰ βασιλέως χρημάτων μετεσχηκότες καὶ οἱ τοῦ πολέμου αἰτιώτατοι γεγενημένοι ὡς εἰ μὴ ἐκποδὼν ποιήσοιντο τοὺς ἐπὶ τὴν εἰρήνην τετραμμένους, κινδυνεύσει πάλιν ἡ πόλις λακωνίσαι, οὕτω δὴ σφαγὰς ἐπεχείρουν ποιεῖσθαι. καὶ πρῶτον μὲν τὸ πάντων ἀνοσιώτατον ἐβουλεύσαντο: οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἄλλοι, κἂν νόμῳ τις καταγνωσθῇ, οὐκ ἀποκτιννύουσιν ἐν ἑορτῇ: ἐκεῖνοι δ᾽ Εὐκλείων τὴν τελευταίαν προείλοντο, ὅτι πλείους ἂν ᾤοντο λαβεῖν ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ, ὥστε ἀποκτεῖναι. Xen. Hell. 4.4.2 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968). http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-grc1:4.4.2 @grc
label: Peloponnese war

Greco-Persian Wars
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
agent: Athenians
agent: Persians
agent: Spartans
location: Greece
begin date: -490
end date: -479
preferred label: Persian Wars
alternative label: Μηδικά @el
preferred label: Περσικοί Πόλεμοι @el

Pythodelos eponymous archon in Athens
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Pythodelos
linked event: evt-accession to throne Alexander the Great
linked event: assassination of Philip II, king of Macedon
location: Athens
begin date: -336
end date: -336
label: Ο Πυθόδηλος επώνυμος άρχων στην Αθήνα @el

evt-Roman Syrian war 192-188 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
location: Asia Minor
location: Greece
begin date: -192
end date: -188
comment: The Seleucid War (192–188 BC), also known as the War of Antiochos or the Syrian War, was a military conflict between two coalitions led by the Roman Republic and the Seleucid Empire. The fighting took place in modern day southern Greece, the Aegean Sea and Asia Minor. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman–Seleucid_War

Sicilian expedition
type: NamedIndividual
type: expedition
agent: Athenian League
agent: Athenians
agent: Corinthians
agent: Delian League
agent: Peloponnesian League
agent: Segestans
agent: Spartans
agent: Syracusans
begin date: -415
end date: 413
Perseus URI: 1. The same winter the Athenians, with greater forces than they had before sent out with Laches and Eurymedon, resolved to go again into Sicily, and, if they could, wholly to subdue it, being for the most part ignorant both of the greatness of the island, and of the multitude of people, as well Greeks as barbarians, that inhabited the same, and that they undertook a war not much less than the war against the Peloponnesians. [2] For the compass of Sicily is little less than eight days' sail for a ship; and though so great, is yet divided with no more than twenty furlongs, sea measure, from the continent. Thuc. 6.1 The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury. Thucydides. Thomas Hobbes. translator. London. Bohn. 1843. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng1:6.1
Perseus URI: 1. τοῦ δ᾽ αὐτοῦ χειμῶνος Ἀθηναῖοι ἐβούλοντο αὖθις μείζονι παρασκευῇ τῆς μετὰ Λάχητος καὶ Εὐρυμέδοντος ἐπὶ Σικελίαν πλεύσαντες καταστρέψασθαι, εἰ δύναιντο, ἄπειροι οἱ πολλοὶ ὄντες τοῦ μεγέθους τῆς νήσου καὶ τῶν ἐνοικούντων τοῦ πλήθους καὶ Ἑλλήνων καὶ βαρβάρων, καὶ ὅτι οὐ πολλῷ τινὶ ὑποδεέστερον πόλεμον ἀνῃροῦντο ἢ τὸν πρὸς Πελοποννησίους. [2] Σικελίας γὰρ περίπλους μέν ἐστιν ὁλκάδι οὐ πολλῷ τινὶ ἔλασσον ἢ ὀκτὼ ἡμερῶν, καὶ τοσαύτη οὖσα ἐν εἰκοσισταδίῳ μάλιστα μέτρῳ τῆς θαλάσσης διείργεται τὸ μὴ ἤπειρος εἶναι: Thuc. 6.1 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:6.1 @grc
label: Σικελική εκστρατεία @el

evt-Thirty Year Peace
type: NamedIndividual
type: truce
agent: Athenians
agent: Spartans
location: Greece
begin date: -445
end date: -431
Perseus URI: Thirty Year Peace
Perseus URI: Τριακοντούτεις Σπονδές @el
Perseus URI: Τριακοντούτεις Σπονδαί @grc

evt-Wars of the Delian League
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
begin date: -477
end date: -449

Xenophon Athenian general at the batlle of Spartolos
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Xenophon
function: general
location: Spartolos
begin date: -429
end date: -429

evt-accession to throne Alexander the Great
type: NamedIndividual
type: Accession to Throne
agent: Alexander III king of Macedon
agent: Greek tribe that lived on the alluvial plain around the rivers Haliacmon and lower Axios in the northeastern part of mainland Greece in ancient times.
linked event: Pythodelos eponymous archon in Athens
linked event: assassination of Philip II, king of Macedon
location: Macedon
begin date: -336
end date: -336
see also: accesion to the throne of Alexander the Great
see also: άνοδος στο θρόνο του Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου

evt-alliance Athenians Corcyreans 433 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: alliance
agent: Athenians
agent: Corcyreans
begin date: -433
end date: -433
Perseus URI: 44. Such were the words of the Corinthians. The Athenians heard both sides, and they held two assemblies; in the first of them they were more influenced by the words of the Corinthians, but in the second they changed their minds and inclined towards the Corcyraeans. They would not go so far as to make an alliance both offensive and defensive with them; for then, if the Corcyraeans had required them to join in an expedition against Corinth, the treaty with the Peloponnesians would have been broken. But they concluded a defensive league, by which the two states promised to aid each other if an attack were made on the territory or on the allies of either. [2] For they knew that in any case the war with Peloponnesus was inevitable, and they had no mind to let Corcyra and her navy fall into the hands of the Corinthians. Their plan3 was to embroil them more and more with one another, and then, when the war came, the Corinthians and the other naval powers would be weaker. [3] They also considered that Corcyra was conveniently situated for the coast voyage to Italy and Sicily. 45. Under the influence of these feelings, they received the Corcyraeans into alliance; the Corinthians departed; [2] and the Athenians now despatched to Corcyra ten ships commanded by Lacedaemonius the son of Cimon, Diotimus the son of Strombichus, and Proteas the son of Epicles. [3] The commanders received orders not to engage with the Corinthians unless they sailed against Corcyra or to any place belonging to the Corcyraeans, and attempted to land there, in which case they were to resist them to the utmost. These orders were intended to prevent a breach of the treaty. Thuc. 1.44-1.45 Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1. Thucydides. Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng2:1.44 http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.t…
Perseus URI: 44. τοιαῦτα δὲ καὶ οἱ Κορίνθιοι εἶπον. Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ ἀκούσαντες ἀμφοτέρων, γενομένης καὶ δὶς ἐκκλησίας, τῇ μὲν προτέρᾳ οὐχ ἧσσον τῶν Κορινθίων ἀπεδέξαντο τοὺς λόγους, ἐν δὲ τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ μετέγνωσαν Κερκυραίοις ξυμμαχίαν μὲν μὴ ποιήσασθαι ὥστε τοὺς αὐτοὺς ἐχθροὺς καὶ φίλους νομίζειν （εἰ γὰρ ἐπὶ Κόρινθον ἐκέλευον σφίσιν οἱ Κερκυραῖοι ξυμπλεῖν, ἐλύοντ᾽ ἂν αὐτοῖς αἱ πρὸς Πελοποννησίους σπονδαί）, ἐπιμαχίαν δ᾽ ἐποιήσαντο τῇ ἀλλήλων βοηθεῖν, ἐάν τις ἐπὶ Κέρκυραν ἴῃ ἢ Ἀθήνας ἢ τοὺς τούτων ξυμμάχους. [2] ἐδόκει γὰρ ὁ πρὸς Πελοποννησίους πόλεμος καὶ ὣς ἔσεσθαι αὐτοῖς, καὶ τὴν Κέρκυραν ἐβούλοντο μὴ προέσθαι τοῖς Κορινθίοις ναυτικὸν ἔχουσαν τοσοῦτον, ξυγκρούειν δὲ ὅτι μάλιστα αὐτοὺς ἀλλήλοις, ἵνα ἀσθενεστέροις οὖσιν, ἤν τι δέῃ, Κορινθίοις τε καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ναυτικὸν ἔχουσιν ἐς πόλεμον καθιστῶνται. [3] ἅμα δὲ τῆς τε Ἰταλίας καὶ Σικελίας καλῶς ἐφαίνετο αὐτοῖς ἡ νῆσος ἐν παράπλῳ κεῖσθαι. 45. τοιαύτῃ μὲν γνώμῃ οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι τοὺς Κερκυραίους προσεδέξαντο, καὶ τῶν Κορινθίων ἀπελθόντων οὐ πολὺ ὕστερον δέκα ναῦς αὐτοῖς ἀπέστειλαν βοηθούς: [2] ἐστρατήγει δὲ αὐτῶν Λακεδαιμόνιός τε ὁ Κίμωνος καὶ Διότιμος ὁ Στρομβίχου καὶ Πρωτέας ὁ Ἐπικλέους. [3] προεῖπον δὲ αὐτοῖς μὴ ναυμαχεῖν Κορινθίοις, ἢν μὴ ἐπὶ Κέρκυραν πλέωσι καὶ μέλλωσιν ἀποβαίνειν ἢ ἐς τῶν ἐκείνων τι χωρίων: οὕτω δὲ κωλύειν κατὰ δύναμιν. προεῖπον δὲ ταῦτα τοῦ μὴ λύειν ἕνεκα τὰς σπονδάς. Thuc. 1.44-1.45 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.44 http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.45 @grc

Assassination of Julius Caesar
type: NamedIndividual
type: assassination
agent: Brutus
agent: Cassius
agent: Julius Caesar
location: Rome
begin date: -44
end date: -44
Perseus LSJ URI: https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text
label: Δολοφονία του Ιούλιου Καίσαρα @el

assassination of Philip II, king of Macedon
type: NamedIndividual
type: assassination
agent: Pausanias of Orestis
agent: Philip II of Macedon
linked event: Pythodelos eponymous archon in Athens
linked event: evt-accession to throne Alexander the Great
location: Aegae
begin date: -336
end date: -336
Perseus URI: λέγεται δὴ Φίλιππος μὲν τελευτῆσαι ἐπὶ ἄρχοντος Πυθοδήλου Ἀθήνησι: παραλαβόντα δὲ τὴν βασιλείαν Ἀλέξανδρον, παῖδα ὄντα Φιλίππου, ἐς Πελοπόννησον παρελθεῖν: εἶναι δὲ τότε ἀμφὶ τὰ εἴκοσιν ἔτη Ἀλέξανδρον. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.1 @grc
label: δολοφονία του Φιλίππου Β', βασιλιά της Μακεδονίας @el

Nαυμαχία της Αβύδου
type: NamedIndividual
type: battle
type: naval battle
agent: Alcibiades
agent: Athenians
agent: Mindarus
agent: Spartans
location: Abydos
begin date: -411
end date: -411
Perseus URI: After this, not many days later, Thymochares came from Athens with a few ships; and thereupon the Lacedaemonians and the Athenians fought another naval battle, and the Lacedaemonians were victorious, under the leadership of Agesandridas. [2] Shortly after this, at the beginning of the winter, Dorieus, the son of Diagoras, sailed into the Hellespont from Rhodes with fourteen ships, arriving at daybreak. And when the Athenian day-watcher described him, he signalled to the generals, and they put out against him with twenty ships; and Dorieus, fleeing from them towards the shore, beached his triremes, as fast as he got them clear of the enemy, in the neighbourhood of Rhoeteum. [3] And when the Athenians came near, the men under Dorieus fought, from their ships and from the shore, until the Athenians sailed away to Madytus, to the rest of their fleet, without having accomplished anything. [4] Now Mindarus caught sight of the battle as he was sacrificing to Athena at Ilium, and hurrying to the sea he launched his triremes and set out, in order to pick up the ships under Dorieus. [5] And the Athenians set out against him and did battle, along the strand near Abydus, from morning till late afternoon. They were at some points victorious and at others defeated, when Alcibiades sailed into the Hellespont to their support, with eighteen ships.[6] Thereupon the Peloponnesians took to flight in the direction of Abydus; and Pharnabazus came along the shore to their aid, and riding his horse into the sea as far as possible, bore a share in the fighting and cheered on his followers, cavalry and infantry. [7] Meanwhile the Peloponnesians made a barrier of their ships and marshalled themselves on the shore and fought. At length the Athenians sailed away to Sestus after capturing thirty of the enemy's ships, though without their crews, and recovering those which they had previously lost themselves. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Har…
Perseus URI: μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα οὐ πολλαῖς ἡμέραις ὕστερον ἦλθεν ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν Θυμοχάρης ἔχων ναῦς ὀλίγας: καὶ εὐθὺς ἐναυμάχησαν αὖθις Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἐνίκησαν δὲ Λακεδαιμόνιοι ἡγουμένου Ἀγησανδρίδου. [2] μετ᾽ ὀλίγον δὲ τούτων Δωριεὺς ὁ Διαγόρου ἐκ Ῥόδου εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον εἰσέπλει ἀρχομένου χειμῶνος τέτταρσι καὶ δέκα ναυσὶν ἅμα ἡμέρᾳ. κατιδὼν δὲ ὁ τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἡμεροσκόπος ἐσήμηνε τοῖς στρατηγοῖς. οἱ δὲ ἀνηγάγοντο ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν εἴκοσι ναυσίν, ἃς ὁ Δωριεὺς φυγὼν πρὸς τὴν γῆν ἀνεβίβαζε τὰς αὑτοῦ τριήρεις, ὡς ἤνοιγε, περὶ τὸ Ῥοίτειον. [3] ἐγγὺς δὲ γενομένων τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἐμάχοντο ἀπό τε τῶν νεῶν καὶ τῆς γῆς μέχρι οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀπέπλευσαν εἰς Μάδυτον πρὸς τὸ ἄλλο στρατόπεδον οὐδὲν πράξαντες. [4] Μίνδαρος δὲ κατιδὼν τὴν μάχην ἐν Ἰλίῳ θύων τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ, ἐβοήθει ἐπὶ τὴν θάλατταν, καὶ καθελκύσας τὰς ἑαυτοῦ τριήρεις ἀπέπλει, ὅπως ἀναλάβοι τὰς μετὰ Δωριέως. [5] οἱ δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀνταναγαγόμενοι ἐναυμάχησαν περὶ Ἄβυδον κατὰ τὴν ᾐόνα, μέχρι δείλης ἐξ ἑωθινοῦ. καὶ τὰ μὲν νικώντων, τὰ δὲ νικωμένων, Ἀλκιβιάδης ἐπεισπλεῖ δυοῖν δεούσαις εἴκοσι ναυσίν. [6] ἐντεῦθεν δὲ φυγὴ τῶν Πελοποννησίων ἐγένετο πρὸς τὴν Ἄβυδον: καὶ ὁ Φαρνάβαζος παρεβοήθει, καὶ ἐπεισβαίνων τῷ ἵππῳ εἰς τὴν θάλατταν μέχρι δυνατὸν ἦν ἐμάχετο, καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις τοῖς αὑτοῦ ἱππεῦσι καὶ πεζοῖς παρεκελεύετο. [7] συμφράξαντες δὲ τὰς ναῦς οἱ Πελοποννήσιοι καὶ παραταξάμενοι πρὸς τῇ γῇ ἐμάχοντο. Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ ἀπέπλευσαν, τριάκοντα ναῦς τῶν πολεμίων λαβόντες κενὰς καὶ ἃς αὐτοὶ ἀπώλεσαν κομισάμενοι, εἰς Σηστόν. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1-Xen. Hell. 1.1.7 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968). http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.1 @grc
label: battle of Abydos
note: After this, not many days later, Thymochares came from Athens with a few ships; and thereupon the Lacedaemonians and the Athenians fought another naval battle, and the Lacedaemonians were victorious, under the leadership of Agesandridas. [2] Shortly after this, at the beginning of the winter, Dorieus, the son of Diagoras, sailed into the Hellespont from Rhodes with fourteen ships, arriving at daybreak. And when the Athenian day-watcher described him, he signalled to the generals, and they put out against him with twenty ships; and Dorieus, fleeing from them towards the shore, beached his triremes, as fast as he got them clear of the enemy, in the neighbourhood of Rhoeteum. [3] And when the Athenians came near, the men under Dorieus fought, from their ships and from the shore, until the Athenians sailed away to Madytus, to the rest of their fleet, without having accomplished anything. [4] Now Mindarus caught sight of the battle as he was sacrificing to Athena at Ilium, and hurrying to the sea he launched his triremes and set out, in order to pick up the ships under Dorieus. [5] And the Athenians set out against him and did battle, along the strand near Abydus, from morning till late afternoon. They were at some points victorious and at others defeated, when Alcibiades sailed into the Hellespont to their support, with eighteen ships.[6] Thereupon the Peloponnesians took to flight in the direction of Abydus; and Pharnabazus came along the shore to their aid, and riding his horse into the sea as far as possible, bore a share in the fighting and cheered on his followers, cavalry and infantry. [7] Meanwhile the Peloponnesians made a barrier of their ships and marshalled themselves on the shore and fought. At length the Athenians sailed away to Sestus after capturing thirty of the enemy's ships, though without their crews, and recovering those which they had previously lost themselves. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Har… @grc
note: μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα οὐ πολλαῖς ἡμέραις ὕστερον ἦλθεν ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν Θυμοχάρης ἔχων ναῦς ὀλίγας: καὶ εὐθὺς ἐναυμάχησαν αὖθις Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἐνίκησαν δὲ Λακεδαιμόνιοι ἡγουμένου Ἀγησανδρίδου. [2] μετ᾽ ὀλίγον δὲ τούτων Δωριεὺς ὁ Διαγόρου ἐκ Ῥόδου εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον εἰσέπλει ἀρχομένου χειμῶνος τέτταρσι καὶ δέκα ναυσὶν ἅμα ἡμέρᾳ. κατιδὼν δὲ ὁ τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἡμεροσκόπος ἐσήμηνε τοῖς στρατηγοῖς. οἱ δὲ ἀνηγάγοντο ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν εἴκοσι ναυσίν, ἃς ὁ Δωριεὺς φυγὼν πρὸς τὴν γῆν ἀνεβίβαζε τὰς αὑτοῦ τριήρεις, ὡς ἤνοιγε, περὶ τὸ Ῥοίτειον. [3] ἐγγὺς δὲ γενομένων τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἐμάχοντο ἀπό τε τῶν νεῶν καὶ τῆς γῆς μέχρι οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀπέπλευσαν εἰς Μάδυτον πρὸς τὸ ἄλλο στρατόπεδον οὐδὲν πράξαντες. [4] Μίνδαρος δὲ κατιδὼν τὴν μάχην ἐν Ἰλίῳ θύων τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ, ἐβοήθει ἐπὶ τὴν θάλατταν, καὶ καθελκύσας τὰς ἑαυτοῦ τριήρεις ἀπέπλει, ὅπως ἀναλάβοι τὰς μετὰ Δωριέως. [5] οἱ δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀνταναγαγόμενοι ἐναυμάχησαν περὶ Ἄβυδον κατὰ τὴν ᾐόνα, μέχρι δείλης ἐξ ἑωθινοῦ. καὶ τὰ μὲν νικώντων, τὰ δὲ νικωμένων, Ἀλκιβιάδης ἐπεισπλεῖ δυοῖν δεούσαις εἴκοσι ναυσίν. [6] ἐντεῦθεν δὲ φυγὴ τῶν Πελοποννησίων ἐγένετο πρὸς τὴν Ἄβυδον: καὶ ὁ Φαρνάβαζος παρεβοήθει, καὶ ἐπεισβαίνων τῷ ἵππῳ εἰς τὴν θάλατταν μέχρι δυνατὸν ἦν ἐμάχετο, καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις τοῖς αὑτοῦ ἱππεῦσι καὶ πεζοῖς παρεκελεύετο. [7] συμφράξαντες δὲ τὰς ναῦς οἱ Πελοποννήσιοι καὶ παραταξάμενοι πρὸς τῇ γῇ ἐμάχοντο. Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ ἀπέπλευσαν, τριάκοντα ναῦς τῶν πολεμίων λαβόντες κενὰς καὶ ἃς αὐτοὶ ἀπώλεσαν κομισάμενοι, εἰς Σηστόν. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1-Xen. Hell. 1.1.7 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968). http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.1 @grc

Sea battle of Aigos Potami
type: NamedIndividual
type: naval battle
agent: Adeimantus
agent: Athenian fleet
agent: Athenians
agent: Conon
agent: Lysander
agent: Spartan fleet
agent: Spartans
begin date: -405
end date: -405
Perseus reference: [20] Now the Athenians had been sailing in the wake of Lysander's fleet, and they anchored at Elaeus, in the Chersonese, with one hundred and eighty ships. While they were breakfasting there, the news about Lampsacus was reported to them, and they set out immediately to Sestus. [21] From there, as soon as they had provisioned, they sailed to Aegospotami, which is opposite Lampsacus, the Hellespont at this point being about fifteen stadia wide. There they took dinner. [22] And during the ensuing night, when early dawn came, Lysander gave the signal for his men to take breakfast and embark upon their ships, and after making everything ready for battle and stretching the side screens,1 he gave orders that no one should stir from his position or put out. [23] At sunrise the Athenians formed their ships in line for battle at the mouth of the harbour. Since, however, Lysander did not put out against them, they sailed back again, when it grew late in the day, to Aegospotami. [24] Thereupon Lysander ordered the swiftest of his ships to follow the Athenians and, when they had disembarked, to observe what they did, and then to sail back and report to him; and he did not disembark his men from their vessels until these scout-ships had returned. This he did for four days; and the Athenians continued to sail out and offer battle. [25] Meantime Alcibiades, who could discern from his castle that the Athenians were1 moored on an open shore, with no city near by, and were fetching their provisions from Sestus, a distance of fifteen stadia from their ships, while the enemy, being in a harbour and near a city, had everything needful, told the Athenians that they were not moored in a good place, and advised them to shift their anchorage to Sestus and thus gain a harbour and a city; “for if you are there,” he said, “you will be able to fight when you please.” [26] The generals, however, and especially Tydeus and Menander, bade him be gone; for they said that they were in command now, no…
label: Ναυμαχία στους Αιγός Ποταμούς

Battle of Amphipolis
type: NamedIndividual
type: battle
type: land battle
agent: Amphipolis citizens
agent: Athenians
agent: Brasidas
agent: Spartans
agent: Thucydides
location: Amphipolis
begin date: -424
end date: -422
Perseus URI: 102. During the same winter, Brasidas and his Chalcidian allies made an expedition against1 Amphipolis upon the river Strymon, the Athenian colony. [2] The place where the city now stands is the same which Aristagoras of Miletus in days of old, when he was fleeing from King2 Darius, attempted to colonise; he was driven out by the Edonians3. Two and thirty years afterwards the4 Athenians made another attempt; they sent a colony of ten thousand, made up partly of their own citizens, partly of any others who liked to join; but these also were attacked by the Thracians at Drabescus, and perished5. [3] Twenty-nine years later the Athenians came again, under the leadership of Hagnon the son of Nicias, drove out the Edonians, and built a town on the same6 spot, which was formerly called 'The Nine Ways.' Their base of operations was Eion, a market and seaport which they already possessed, at the mouth of the river, about three miles from the site of the present town. Wanting to enclose the newly-founded city, which on two sides is surrounded by the river Strymon, Hagnon cut it off by a long wall reaching from the upper part of the river to the lower, and called the place Amphipolis, because it strikes the eye both by sea and land. 103. Against Amphipolis Brasidas now led his army. Starting from Arnae in Chalcidicè, towards evening he reached Aulon and Bromiscus at the point where the lake Bolbè flows into the sea; having there supped, he marched on during the night. The weather was wintry and somewhat snowy; [2] and so he pushed on all the quicker; he was hoping that his approach might be known at Amphipolis only to those who were in the secret. [3] There dwelt in the place settlers from Argilus, a town which was originally colonised from Andros; these and others aided in the attempt, instigated some by Perdiccas, others by the Chalcidians. [4] The town of Argilus is not far off, and the inhabitants were always suspected by the Athenians, and were always conspiring against …
Perseus URI: 102. The same winter Brasidas, with his allies in the Thracian places, marched against Amphipolis, the Athenian colony on the river Strymon. [2] A settlement upon the spot on which the city now stands, was before attempted by Aristagoras, the Milesian （when he fled from king Darius）, who was however dislodged by the Edonians; and thirty-two years later by the Athenians, who sent thither ten thousand settlers of their own citizens, and whoever else chose to go. These were cut off at Drabescus by the Thracians. [3] Twenty-nine years after, the Athenians returned （Hagnon, son of Nicias, being sent out as a leader of the colony） and drove out the Edonians, and founded a town on the spot, formerly called Ennea-hodoi or Nine Ways. The base from which they started was Eion, their commercial seaport at the mouth of the river, not more than three miles from the present town, which Hagnon named Amphipolis, because the Strymon flows round it on two sides, and he built it so as to be conspicuous from the sea and land alike, running a long wall across from river to river, to complete the circumference. Thuc. 4.102 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:4.102
label: Μάχη της Αμφίπολης

evt-battle Amphipolis 2
type: NamedIndividual
type: land battle
agent: Amphipolis citizens
agent: Athenians
agent: Spartans
linked event: Battle of Amphipolis
location: Amphipolis
sub event: Battle of Amphipolis
begin date: -423
end date: -422

Arginoussai battle
type: NamedIndividual
type: naval battle
agent: Athenian fleet
agent: Athenians
agent: Lysander
agent: Spartans
linked event: trial of generals after the battle of Arginusae
location: Arginusae
Perseus URI: 6. In the ensuing year—the year in which there1 was an eclipse of the moon one evening, and the old temple2 of Athena at Athens was burned, Pityas being now ephor at Sparta and Callias archon at Athens—the Lacedaemonians sent Callicratidas to take command3 of the fleet, since Lysander's term of office had ended (and with it the twenty-fourth year of the war). [2] And when Lysander delivered over the ships, he told Callicratidas that he did so as master of the sea and victor in battle. Callicratidas, however, bade him coast along from Ephesus on the left of Samos, where the Athenian ships were, and deliver over the fleet at Miletus; then, he said, he would grant him that he was master of the sea. [3] But when Lysander replied that he would not meddle when another was commander, Callicratidas, left to himself, manned with sailors from Chios and Rhodes and other allied states fifty ships in addition to those which he had received from Lysander. And after assembling the entire fleet, a total of one hundred and forty ships, he prepared to meet the enemy. [4] But when he found out that Lysander's friends were intriguing against him,—they not only rendered half-hearted service, but also spread the report in the cities that the Lacedaemonians made a serious mistake in changing their admirals; for in place of men who were proving themselves fit and were just coming to understand naval matters and knew well how to deal with men, they frequently sent out men who were unacquainted with the sea and unknown to the people near the seat of war; and there was danger, they said, of their meeting with disaster on this account,—after hearing of all this Callicratidas called together the Lacedaemonians who were there and addressed them4 as follows: [5] “I, for my part, am content to stay at home, and if Lysander or anyone else professes to be more experienced in naval affairs, I will not stand in his way so far as I am concerned; but it is I who have been sent by the state to command th…
Perseus URI: http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.6 Xen. Hell. 1.6
label: Ναυμαχία των Αργινουσσών @el
see also: Arginusae see battle

battle of Coroneia
type: NamedIndividual
type: land battle
agent: Delian League
location: Coroneia
begin date: -457
end date: -457
label: μάχη στην Κορώνεια @el

evt-battle Cynossema
type: NamedIndividual
type: naval battle
agent: Athenian fleet
agent: Athenians
agent: Mindarus
agent: Thrasybulus
begin date: -411
end date: -411
number of spartan ships: 86
Perseus URI: 104. After this they engaged in the following way. The Athenians formed in column and sailed close along shore to Sestos; upon perceiving which the Peloponnesians put out from Abydos to meet them. [2] Realising that a battle was now imminent, both combatants extended their flank; the Athenians along the Chersonese from Idacus to Arrhiani with seventy-six ships; the Peloponnesians from Abydos to Dardanus with eighty-six. [3] The Peloponnesian right wing was occupied by the Syracusans, their left by Mindarus in person with the best sailors in the navy; the Athenian left by Thrasyllus, their right by Thrasybulus, the other commanders being in different parts of the fleet. [4] The Peloponnesians hastened to engage first, and outflanking with their left the Athenian right sought to cut them off, if possible, from sailing out of the straits, and to drive their centre upon the shore, which was not far off. The Athenians perceiving their intention extended their own wing and outsailed them, [5] while their left had by this time passed the point of Cynossema. This, however, obliged them to thin and weaken their centre, especially as they had fewer ships than the enemy, and as the coast round Point Cynossema formed a sharp angle which prevented their seeing what was going on on the other side of it. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:8.104 Thuc. 8.104 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910.
Perseus URI: 104. μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο ἐναυμάχουν τρόπῳ τοιῷδε. οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι παρέπλεον ἐπὶ κέρως ταξάμενοι παρ᾽ αὐτὴν τὴν γῆν ἐπὶ τῆς Σηστοῦ, οἱ δὲ Πελοποννήσιοι αἰσθόμενοι ἐκ τῆς Ἀβύδου ἀντανῆγον καὶ αὐτοί. [2] καὶ ὡς ἔγνωσαν ναυμαχήσοντες, παρέτειναν τὸ κέρας οἱ μὲν Ἀθηναῖοι παρὰ τὴν Χερσόνησον, ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ Ἰδάκου μέχρι Ἀρριανῶν, νῆες ἓξ καὶ ἑβδομήκοντα, οἱ δ᾽ αὖ Πελοποννήσιοι ἀπὸ Ἀβύδου μέχρι Δαρδάνου, νῆες ἓξ καὶ ὀγδοήκοντα. [3] κέρας δὲ τοῖς μὲν Πελοποννησίοις εἶχον τὸ μὲν δεξιὸν Συρακόσιοι, τὸ δ᾽ ἕτερον αὐτὸς Μίνδαρος καὶ τῶν νεῶν αἱ ἄριστα πλέουσαι, Ἀθηναίοις δὲ τὸ μὲν ἀριστερὸν Θράσυλος, ὁ δὲ Θρασύβουλος τὸ δεξιόν: οἱ δὲ ἄλλοι στρατηγοὶ ὡς ἕκαστοι διετάξαντο. [4] ἐπειγομένων δὲ τῶν Πελοποννησίων πρότερόν τε ξυμμεῖξαι, καὶ κατὰ μὲν τὸ δεξιὸν τῶν Ἀθηναίων ὑπερσχόντες αὐτοὶ τῷ εὐωνύμῳ ἀποκλῇσαι τοῦ ἔξω αὐτοὺς ἔκπλου, εἰ δύναιντο, κατὰ δὲ τὸ μέσον ἐξῶσαι πρὸς τὴν γῆν οὐχ ἑκὰς οὖσαν, οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι γνόντες, ᾗ μὲν ἐβούλοντο ἀποφάρξασθαι αὐτοὺς οἱ ἐναντίοι, ἀντεπεξῆγον καὶ περιεγίγνοντο τῷ πλῷ, [5] τὸ δ᾽ εὐώνυμον αὐτοῖς ὑπερεβεβλήκει ἤδη τὴν ἄκραν ἣ Κυνὸς σῆμα καλεῖται. τῷ δὲ μέσῳ, τοιούτου ξυμβαίνοντος, ἀσθενέσι καὶ διεσπασμέναις ταῖς ναυσὶ καθίσταντο, ἄλλως τε καὶ ἐλάσσοσι χρώμενοι τὸ πλῆθος καὶ τοῦ χωρίου τοῦ περὶ τὸ Κυνὸς σῆμα ὀξεῖαν καὶ γωνιώδη τὴν περιβολὴν ἔχοντος, ὥστε τὰ ἐν τῷ ἐπέκεινα αὐτοῦ γιγνόμενα μὴ κάτοπτα εἶναι. Thuc. 8.104 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:8.104 @grc

Naval Battle of Cyzicus
type: NamedIndividual
type: naval battle
agent: Alcibiades
agent: Chaereas
agent: Clearchus
agent: Hermocrates
agent: Hippocrates
agent: Mindarus
agent: Pharnabazus II
agent: Theramenes
agent: Thrasybulus
location: Cyzicus
begin date: -410
end date: -410
Perseus reference: Meanwhile the Athenians at Sestus, learning that Mindarus was planning to sail against them with sixty ships, withdrew by night to Cardia. There Alcibiades joined them, coming from Clazomenae with five triremes and a dispatch boat. But upon learning that the Peloponnesian ships had set out from Abydus to Cyzicus, he proceeded overland to Sestus and gave orders that the ships should sail around to that place. [12] When they had arrived there and he was on the point of putting out to sea for battle, Theramenes sailed in from Macedonia with a reinforcement of twenty ships, and at the same time Thrasybulus arrived from Thasos with twenty more, both of them having been engaged in collecting money. [13] And after bidding them also to follow after him when they had removed their cruising sails,6 Alcibiades set off with his own ships to Parium; and when all the ships had come together at Parium, to the number of eighty-six, they set sail during the ensuing night, and on the next day at breakfast time arrived at Proconnesus. [14] There they learned that Mindarus was at Cyzicus, and also Pharnabazus with his army. Accordingly they remained that day at Proconnesus, but on the following day Alcibiades called an assembly of his men and told them that they must needs fight at sea, fight on land, and fight against fortresses. “For we,” he said, “have no money, but the enemy have an abundance of it from the King.” [15] Now on the preceding day, when they had come to anchor, Alcibiades had taken into his custody all the vessels in the harbour, even the small ones, in order that no one should report to the enemy the size of his fleet, and he made proclamation that death would be the punishment of any one who was caught sailing across to the other side of the strait. [16] And after the assembly he made preparations for battle and, in the midst of a heavy rain, set out for Cyzicus. When he7 was near Cyzicus, the weather cleared and the sun came out, and he sighted the ships under Minda…
Perseus reference: οἱ δ᾽ ἐν Σηστῷ Ἀθηναῖοι, αἰσθόμενοι Μίνδαρον πλεῖν ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς μέλλοντα ναυσὶν ἑξήκοντα, νυκτὸς ἀπέδρασαν εἰς Καρδίαν. ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ Ἀλκιβιάδης ἧκεν ἐκ τῶν Κλαζομενῶν σὺν πέντε τριήρεσι καὶ ἐπακτρίδι. πυθόμενος δὲ ὅτι αἱ τῶν Πελοποννησίων νῆες ἐξ Ἀβύδου ἀνηγμέναι εἶεν εἰς Κύζικον, αὐτὸς μὲν πεζῇ ἦλθεν εἰς Σηστόν, τὰς δὲ ναῦς περιπλεῖν ἐκεῖσε ἐκέλευσεν. [12] ἐπεὶ δ᾽ ἦλθον, ἀνάγεσθαι ἤδη αὐτοῦ μέλλοντος ὡς ἐπὶ ναυμαχίαν ἐπεισπλεῖ Θηραμένης εἴκοσι ναυσὶν ἀπὸ Μακεδονίας, ἅμα δὲ καὶ Θρασύβουλος εἴκοσιν ἑτέραις ἐκ Θάσου, ἀμφότεροι ἠργυρολογηκότες. [13] Ἀλκιβιάδης δὲ εἰπὼν καὶ τούτοις διώκειν αὐτὸν ἐξελομένοις τὰ μεγάλα ἱστία αὐτὸς ἔπλευσεν εἰς Πάριον: ἁθρόαι δὲ γενόμεναι αἱ νῆες ἅπασαι ἐν Παρίῳ ἓξ καὶ ὀγδοήκοντα τῆς ἐπιούσης νυκτὸς ἀνηγάγοντο, καὶ τῇ ἄλλῃ ἡμέρᾳ περὶ ἀρίστου ὥραν ἧκον εἰς Προκόννησον. [14] ἐκεῖ δ᾽ ἐπύθοντο ὅτι Μίνδαρος ἐν Κυζίκῳ εἴη καὶ Φαρνάβαζος μετὰ τοῦ πεζοῦ. ταύτην μὲν οὖν τὴν ἡμέραν αὐτοῦ ἔμειναν, τῇ δὲ ὑστεραίᾳ Ἀλκιβιάδης ἐκκλησίαν ποιήσας παρεκελεύετο αὐτοῖς ὅτι ἀνάγκη εἴη καὶ ναυμαχεῖν καὶ πεζομαχεῖν καὶ τειχομαχεῖν: οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν, ἔφη, χρήματα ἡμῖν, τοῖς δὲ πολεμίοις ἄφθονα παρὰ βασιλέως. [15] τῇ δὲ προτεραίᾳ, ἐπειδὴ ὡρμίσαντο, τὰ πλοῖα πάντα καὶ τὰ μικρὰ συνήθροισε παρ᾽ ἑαυτόν, ὅπως μηδεὶς ἐξαγγείλαι τοῖς πολεμίοις τὸ πλῆθος τῶν νεῶν, ἐπεκήρυξέ τε, ὃς ἂν ἁλίσκηται εἰς τὸ πέραν διαπλέων, θάνατον τὴν ζημίαν. [16] μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν παρασκευασάμενος ὡς ἐπὶ ναυμαχίαν ἀνηγάγετο ἐπὶ τὴν Κύζικον ὕοντος πολλῷ. ἐπειδὴ δ᾽ ἐγγὺς τῆς Κυζίκου ἦν, αἰθρίας γενομένης καὶ τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλάμψαντος καθορᾷ τὰς τοῦ Μινδάρου ναῦς γυμναζομένας πόρρω ἀπὸ τοῦ λιμένος καὶ ἀπειλημμένας ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ, ἑξήκοντα οὔσας. [17] οἱ δὲ Πελοποννήσιοι ἰδόντες τὰς τῶν Ἀθηναίων τριήρεις οὔσας πλείους τε πολλῷ ἢ πρότερον καὶ πρὸς τῷ λιμένι, ἔφυγον εἰς τὴν γῆν: καὶ συνορμίσαντες τὰς ναῦς ἐμάχοντο ἐπιπλέουσι τοῖς ἐναντίοις. [18] Ἀλκιβιάδης δὲ ταῖς εἴκοσι τῶν νεῶν περιπλεύσας ἀπέβη εἰς τὴν γῆν. ἰδὼν δὲ ὁ Μίνδαρος, καὶ αὐτὸς ἀποβὰς ἐν τῇ γῇ μαχόμενος ἀπέθανεν: οἱ δὲ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ ὄντες ἔφυγον. τὰς…
comment: οἱ δ᾽ ἐν Σηστῷ Ἀθηναῖοι, αἰσθόμενοι Μίνδαρον πλεῖν ἐπ᾽ αὐτοὺς μέλλοντα ναυσὶν ἑξήκοντα, νυκτὸς ἀπέδρασαν εἰς Καρδίαν. ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ Ἀλκιβιάδης ἧκεν ἐκ τῶν Κλαζομενῶν σὺν πέντε τριήρεσι καὶ ἐπακτρίδι. πυθόμενος δὲ ὅτι αἱ τῶν Πελοποννησίων νῆες ἐξ Ἀβύδου ἀνηγμέναι εἶεν εἰς Κύζικον, αὐτὸς μὲν πεζῇ ἦλθεν εἰς Σηστόν, τὰς δὲ ναῦς περιπλεῖν ἐκεῖσε ἐκέλευσεν. [12] ἐπεὶ δ᾽ ἦλθον, ἀνάγεσθαι ἤδη αὐτοῦ μέλλοντος ὡς ἐπὶ ναυμαχίαν ἐπεισπλεῖ Θηραμένης εἴκοσι ναυσὶν ἀπὸ Μακεδονίας, ἅμα δὲ καὶ Θρασύβουλος εἴκοσιν ἑτέραις ἐκ Θάσου, ἀμφότεροι ἠργυρολογηκότες. [13] Ἀλκιβιάδης δὲ εἰπὼν καὶ τούτοις διώκειν αὐτὸν ἐξελομένοις τὰ μεγάλα ἱστία αὐτὸς ἔπλευσεν εἰς Πάριον: ἁθρόαι δὲ γενόμεναι αἱ νῆες ἅπασαι ἐν Παρίῳ ἓξ καὶ ὀγδοήκοντα τῆς ἐπιούσης νυκτὸς ἀνηγάγοντο, καὶ τῇ ἄλλῃ ἡμέρᾳ περὶ ἀρίστου ὥραν ἧκον εἰς Προκόννησον. [14] ἐκεῖ δ᾽ ἐπύθοντο ὅτι Μίνδαρος ἐν Κυζίκῳ εἴη καὶ Φαρνάβαζος μετὰ τοῦ πεζοῦ. ταύτην μὲν οὖν τὴν ἡμέραν αὐτοῦ ἔμειναν, τῇ δὲ ὑστεραίᾳ Ἀλκιβιάδης ἐκκλησίαν ποιήσας παρεκελεύετο αὐτοῖς ὅτι ἀνάγκη εἴη καὶ ναυμαχεῖν καὶ πεζομαχεῖν καὶ τειχομαχεῖν: οὐ γὰρ ἔστιν, ἔφη, χρήματα ἡμῖν, τοῖς δὲ πολεμίοις ἄφθονα παρὰ βασιλέως. [15] τῇ δὲ προτεραίᾳ, ἐπειδὴ ὡρμίσαντο, τὰ πλοῖα πάντα καὶ τὰ μικρὰ συνήθροισε παρ᾽ ἑαυτόν, ὅπως μηδεὶς ἐξαγγείλαι τοῖς πολεμίοις τὸ πλῆθος τῶν νεῶν, ἐπεκήρυξέ τε, ὃς ἂν ἁλίσκηται εἰς τὸ πέραν διαπλέων, θάνατον τὴν ζημίαν. [16] μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν παρασκευασάμενος ὡς ἐπὶ ναυμαχίαν ἀνηγάγετο ἐπὶ τὴν Κύζικον ὕοντος πολλῷ. ἐπειδὴ δ᾽ ἐγγὺς τῆς Κυζίκου ἦν, αἰθρίας γενομένης καὶ τοῦ ἡλίου ἐκλάμψαντος καθορᾷ τὰς τοῦ Μινδάρου ναῦς γυμναζομένας πόρρω ἀπὸ τοῦ λιμένος καὶ ἀπειλημμένας ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ, ἑξήκοντα οὔσας. [17] οἱ δὲ Πελοποννήσιοι ἰδόντες τὰς τῶν Ἀθηναίων τριήρεις οὔσας πλείους τε πολλῷ ἢ πρότερον καὶ πρὸς τῷ λιμένι, ἔφυγον εἰς τὴν γῆν: καὶ συνορμίσαντες τὰς ναῦς ἐμάχοντο ἐπιπλέουσι τοῖς ἐναντίοις. [18] Ἀλκιβιάδης δὲ ταῖς εἴκοσι τῶν νεῶν περιπλεύσας ἀπέβη εἰς τὴν γῆν. ἰδὼν δὲ ὁ Μίνδαρος, καὶ αὐτὸς ἀποβὰς ἐν τῇ γῇ μαχόμενος ἀπέθανεν: οἱ δὲ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ ὄντες ἔφυγον. τὰς… @el
label: Ναυμαχία της Κυζίκου

evt-battle Issus
type: NamedIndividual
type: land battle
agent: Alexander III king of Macedon
agent: Craterus
agent: Darius III
agent: Hephaestion
agent: Greek tribe that lived on the alluvial plain around the rivers Haliacmon and lower Axios in the northeastern part of mainland Greece in ancient times.
agent: Parmenion
agent: Persians
agent: Ptolemy
begin date: -333
end date: -333

battle of Leuctra
type: NamedIndividual
type: land battle
agent: Cleombrotus I
agent: Epameinondas
agent: Pelopidas
agent: Spartans
agent: Thebans
location: Leuctra
begin date: -371
end date: -371
label: μάχη στα Λεύκτρα @el

battle of Mantineia
type: NamedIndividual
type: land battle
agent: Spartans
agent: Thebans
linked event: Theban hegemony
location: Mantineia
begin date: -362
end date: -362
label: μάχη της Μαντίνειας @el

battle of Mycale
type: NamedIndividual
type: naval battle
begin date: -479
end date: -479
preferred label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mycale
preferred label: ναυμαχία της Μυκάλης @el

Battle of Olpae
type: NamedIndividual
type: battle
type: land battle
begin date: -426
end date: -426
Perseus URI: τοῦ δ᾽ αὐτοῦ χειμῶνος Ἀμπρακιῶται, ὥσπερ ὑποσχόμενοι Εὐρυλόχῳ τὴν στρατιὰν κατέσχον, ἐκστρατεύονται ἐπὶ Ἄργος τὸ Ἀμφιλοχικὸν τρισχιλίοις ὁπλίταις, καὶ ἐσβαλόντες ἐς τὴν Ἀργείαν καταλαμβάνουσιν Ὄλπας, τεῖχος ἐπὶ λόφου ἰσχυρὸν πρὸς τῇ θαλάσσῃ, ὅ ποτε Ἀκαρνᾶνες τειχισάμενοι κοινῷ δικαστηρίῳ ἐχρῶντο: ἀπέχει δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀργείων πόλεως ἐπιθαλασσίας οὔσης πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι σταδίους μάλιστα. Thuc. 3.105.1-3.113.5 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:3.105.1 @grc
label: Μάχη των Όλπεων

evt-battle Spartolos
type: NamedIndividual
type: land battle
agent: Athenians
location: Spartolos
begin date: -429
end date: -429

evt-battle Syvota
type: NamedIndividual
type: naval battle
agent: Athenians
agent: Corcyreans
agent: Corinthians
begin date: -433
end date: -433
Perseus reference: When the Corcyraeans saw them coming, they manned a hundred and ten ships, commanded by Meikiades, Aisimides, and Eurybatus, and stationed themselves at one of the Sybota isles; the ten Athenian ships being present. [2] On point Leukimme they posted their land forces, and a thousand heavy infantry who had come from Zacynthus to their assistance. [3] Nor were the Corinthians on the mainland without their allies. The barbarians flocked in large numbers to their assistance, the inhabitants of this part of the continent being old allies of theirs. Thuc. 1.47 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.47 @grc
Perseus reference: οἱ δὲ Κερκυραῖοι ὡς ᾔσθοντο αὐτοὺς προσπλέοντας, πληρώσαντες δέκα καὶ ἑκατὸν ναῦς, ὧν ἦρχε Μικιάδης καὶ Αἰσιμίδης καὶ Εὐρύβατος, ἐστρατοπεδεύσαντο ἐν μιᾷ τῶν νήσων αἳ καλοῦνται Σύβοτα: καὶ αἱ Ἀττικαὶ δέκα παρῆσαν. [2] ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ Λευκίμμῃ αὐτοῖς τῷ ἀκρωτηρίῳ ὁ πεζὸς ἦν καὶ Ζακυνθίων χίλιοι ὁπλῖται βεβοηθηκότες. [3] ἦσαν δὲ καὶ τοῖς Κορινθίοις ἐν τῇ ἠπείρῳ πολλοὶ τῶν βαρβάρων παραβεβοηθηκότες: οἱ γὰρ ταύτῃ ἠπειρῶται αἰεί ποτε αὐτοῖς φίλοι εἰσίν. Thuc. 1.47 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:1.47

evt-blockade Mytilene
type: NamedIndividual
type: blockade
agent: Athenians
agent: Eteonicus
agent: Spartans
location: Mytilene
Perseus LSJ URI: ἐφορμ-άω , Ion. ἐπ- , A. [select] stir up, rouse against one, “οἵ μοι ἐφώρμησαν πόλεμον” Il.3.165; “ὅς μοι ἐφορμήσας ἀνέμους” Od.7.272; ἐπορμῆσαι τοὺς λύκους set them on, Hdt.9.93; “ᾧ καὶ Ζεὺς ἐφορμήσῃ κακά” S.Fr.680; “σῦν” Ant.Lib.2.2: c. dupl.acc., ναύτας ἐφορμήσαντα . . τὸ πλεῖν having urged them on to sail, S.Aj. 1143: c. acc. et inf., Orph.L.26. II. [select] intr., rush upon, attack, τινι E.Hipp.1275 (lyr.), Plu.Pomp.19, etc.; “ἐπί τινα” D.C.36.24: abs., Plb.8.6.1: c. inf., desire, Opp.H.2.94, Orph.L.34; f.l. for ἀφορμ- in X.HG1.6.21.—This use is more freq. in Pass. (v. infr.). III. [select] Pass. and Med., to be stirred up: c. inf., to be eager or desire to do, “θυμὸς ἐφορμᾶται πολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι” Il.13.74, cf. Od. 1.275, 21.399, etc.: abs., rush furiously on, “ἔγχει ἐφορμᾶσθαι” Il.17.465: mostly in aor. part. Pass., “ἐφορμηθείς” 6.410, etc.; “ἄκοντι ἐφορμαθείς” Pi.N.10.69; “ἐφορμηθέντες ἐξ ἑνὸς ῥόθου” A.Pers.462: without hostile sense, spring forward, “τρὶς μὲν ἐφωρμήθην” Od.11.206, cf. Hes.Op.459: c. acc., rush upon, make a dash at, “ὥς τ᾽ ὀρνίθων . . αἰετὸς αἴθων ἔθνος ἐφορμᾶται” Il.15.691, cf. 20.461; so “ἐφορμής εσθαι ἀέθλους” Hes.Sc.127: rarely (if ever) found in Prose, dub.l.in Th.6.49. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=e%29formou%2Fsas&la=greek&can=e%29formou%2Fsas0&prior=*mutilh/nh|&d=Perseus:text:1999.01.0205:book=1:chapter=6:section=35&i=1#lexicon @grc
Perseus URI: [35] After this victory it was resolved by the Athenian generals that Theramenes and Thrasybulus, who were ship-captains, and some of the taxiarchs, should sail with forty-seven ships to the aid of the disabled vessels and the men on board them, while they themselves went with the rest of the fleet to attack the ships under Eteonicus which were blockading Mytilene. But despite their desire to carry out these measures, the wind and a heavy storm which came on prevented them; accordingly, after setting up a trophy, they bivouacked where they were. Xen. Hell. 1.6.35 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA; William Heinemann, Ltd., London. vol. 1:1918; vol. 2: 1921. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.6.35
Perseus URI: [35] ἔδοξε δὲ καὶ τοῖς τῶν Ἀθηναίων στρατηγοῖς ἑπτὰ μὲν καὶ τετταράκοντα ναυσὶ Θηραμένην τε καὶ Θρασύβουλον τριηράρχους ὄντας καὶ τῶν ταξιάρχων τινὰς πλεῖν ἐπὶ τὰς καταδεδυκυίας ναῦς καὶ τοὺς ἐπ᾽ αὐτῶν ἀνθρώπους, ταῖς δὲ ἄλλαις ἐπὶ τὰς μετ᾽ Ἐτεονίκου τῇ Μυτιλήνῃ ἐφορμούσας. ταῦτα δὲ βουλομένους ποιεῖν ἄνεμος καὶ χειμὼν διεκώλυσεν αὐτοὺς μέγας γενόμενος: τροπαῖον δὲ στήσαντες αὐτοῦ ηὐλίζοντο. Xen. Hell. 1.6.35 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968). http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.6.35 @grc

Capture of Cedreiae
type: NamedIndividual
type: Capture of City or Fortress
begin date: -405
end date: -405
comment: [15] Now Lysander, when Cyrus had thus given over to him all his money and set out, in response to the summons, to visit his sick father, distributed pay to his men and set sail to the Ceramic Gulf, in Caria. There he attacked a city named Cedreiae which was an ally of the Athenians, and on the second day's assault captured it by storm and reduced the inhabitants to slavery; they were a mixture of Greek and barbarian blood. Thence he sailed away to Rhodes. Xen. Hell. 2.1.15 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA; William Heinemann, Ltd., London. vol. 1:1918; vol. 2: 1921. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-eng1:2.1.15
comment: [15] Λύσανδρος δ᾽, ἐπεὶ αὐτῷ Κῦρος πάντα παραδοὺς τὰ αὑτοῦ πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ἀρρωστοῦντα μετάπεμπτος ἀνέβαινε, μισθὸν διαδοὺς τῇ στρατιᾷ ἀνήχθη τῆς Καρίας εἰς τὸν Κεράμειον κόλπον. καὶ προσβαλὼν πόλει τῶν Ἀθηναίων συμμάχῳ ὄνομα Κεδρείαις τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ προσβολῇ κατὰ κράτος αἱρεῖ καὶ ἐξηνδραπόδισεν. ἦσαν δὲ μιξοβάρβαροι οἱ ἐνοικοῦντες. Xen. Hell. 2.1.15 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968).
comment: [15] Λύσανδρος δ᾽, ἐπεὶ αὐτῷ Κῦρος πάντα παραδοὺς τὰ αὑτοῦ πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ἀρρωστοῦντα μετάπεμπτος ἀνέβαινε, μισθὸν διαδοὺς τῇ στρατιᾷ ἀνήχθη τῆς Καρίας εἰς τὸν Κεράμειον κόλπον. καὶ προσβαλὼν πόλει τῶν Ἀθηναίων συμμάχῳ ὄνομα Κεδρείαις τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ προσβολῇ κατὰ κράτος αἱρεῖ καὶ ἐξηνδραπόδισεν. ἦσαν δὲ μιξοβάρβαροι οἱ ἐνοικοῦντες. Xen. Hell. 2.1.15 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968). http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-grc1:2.1.15
label: Κατάληψη Κεδρειών

evt-capture of Amphipolis
type: NamedIndividual
type: Capture of City or Fortress
agent: Brasidas
agent: Spartans
agent: Thucydides
location: Amphipolis
sub event: Battle of Amphipolis
begin date: -424
end date: -423
Perseus URI: [5] I lived through the whole of it, being of an age to comprehend events, and giving my attention to them in order to know the exact truth about them. It was also my fate to be an exile from my country for twenty years after my command at Amphipolis; and being present with both parties, and more especially with the Peloponnesians by reason of my exile, I had leisure to observe affairs somewhat particularly. Thuc. 5.26.5 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:5.26.5
Perseus URI: [5] ἐπεβίων δὲ διὰ παντὸς αὐτοῦ αἰσθανόμενός τε τῇ ἡλικίᾳ καὶ προσέχων τὴν γνώμην, ὅπως ἀκριβές τι εἴσομαι: καὶ ξυνέβη μοι φεύγειν τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ ἔτη εἴκοσι μετὰ τὴν ἐς Ἀμφίπολιν στρατηγίαν, καὶ γενομένῳ παρ᾽ ἀμφοτέροις τοῖς πράγμασι, καὶ οὐχ ἧσσον τοῖς Πελοποννησίων διὰ τὴν φυγήν, καθ᾽ ἡσυχίαν τι αὐτῶν μᾶλλον αἰσθέσθαι. Thuc. 5.26.5 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.26.5 @grc

evt-capture of Torone
type: NamedIndividual
type: Capture of City or Fortress
agent: Athenians
agent: Pasitelidas
location: Toroni
Perseus URI: But the Athenians from the ships had already taken Torone, and their land forces following at his heels burst in with him with a rush over the part of the old wall that had been pulled down, killing some of the Peloponnesians and Toronaeans in the melee, and making prisoners of the rest, and Pasitelidas their commander amongst them. Thuc. 5.3.2 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:5.3.2
Perseus URI: οἱ δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι φθάνουσιν οἵ τε ἀπὸ τῶν νεῶν ἑλόντες τὴν Τορώνην καὶ ὁ πεζὸς ἐπισπόμενος αὐτοβοεὶ κατὰ τὸ διῃρημένον τοῦ παλαιοῦ τείχους ξυνεσπεσών. καὶ τοὺς μὲν ἀπέκτειναν τῶν Πελοποννησίων καὶ Τορωναίων εὐθὺς ἐν χερσί, τοὺς δὲ ζῶντας ἔλαβον, καὶ Πασιτελίδαν τὸν ἄρχοντα. Thuc. 5.3.2 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.3.2 @grc

civil war in Corcyra in 427 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: civil war
agent: Athenians
agent: Corcyreans
agent: Corinthians
agent: Peithias
begin date: -427
end date: -427
label: εμφύλιος πόλεμος στην Κέρκυρα το 427 π.Χ. @el

evt-civil war Epidamnus before 431 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: civil war
agent: Corcyreans
agent: Epidamnians
location: loc-Epidamnus
begin date: -435
end date: -434
Perseus reference: The city of Epidamnus is situated on the right hand as you sail up the Ionian Gulf. The1 neighboring inhabitants are the Taulantians, a barbarian tribe of the Illyrian race. [2] The place was colonised by the Corcyraeans, but under the leadership of a Corinthian, Phalius, son of Eratocleides, who was of the lineage of Heracles; he was invited, according to ancient custom, from the mother city, and Corinthians and other Dorians joined in the colony. [3] In process of time Epidamnus became great and populous, [4] but there followed a long period of civil commotion, and the city is said to have been brought low in a war against the neighboring barbarians, and to have lost her ancient power. [5] At last, shortly before the Peloponnesian War, the notables were overthrown and driven out by the people; the exiles went2 over to the barbarians, and, uniting with them, plundered the remaining inhabitants both by sea and land. [6] These, finding themselves hard pressed, sent3 an embassy to the mother-city Corcyra, begging the Corcyraeans not to leave them to their fate, but to reconcile them to the exiles and settle the war with the barbarians. [7] The ambassadors came, and sitting as suppliants in the temple of Herè preferred their request; but the Corcyraeans would not listen to them, and they returned without success. Thuc. 1.24 Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1. Thucydides. Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0105%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D24
Perseus reference: Ἐπίδαμνός ἐστι πόλις ἐν δεξιᾷ ἐσπλέοντι ἐς τὸν Ἰόνιον κόλπον: προσοικοῦσι δ᾽ αὐτὴν Ταυλάντιοι βάρβαροι, Ἰλλυρικὸν ἔθνος. [2] ταύτην ἀπῴκισαν μὲν Κερκυραῖοι, οἰκιστὴς δ᾽ ἐγένετο Φαλίος Ἐρατοκλείδου Κορίνθιος γένος τῶν ἀφ᾽ Ἡρακλέους, κατὰ δὴ τὸν παλαιὸν νόμον ἐκ τῆς μητροπόλεως κατακληθείς. ξυνῴκισαν δὲ καὶ Κορινθίων τινὲς καὶ τοῦ ἄλλου Δωρικοῦ γένους. [3] προελθόντος δὲ τοῦ χρόνου ἐγένετο ἡ τῶν Ἐπιδαμνίων δύναμις μεγάλη καὶ πολυάνθρωπος: [4] στασιάσαντες δὲ ἐν ἀλλήλοις ἔτη πολλά, ὡς λέγεται, ἀπὸ πολέμου τινὸς τῶν προσοίκων βαρβάρων ἐφθάρησαν καὶ τῆς δυνάμεως τῆς πολλῆς ἐστερήθησαν. [5] τὰ δὲ τελευταῖα πρὸ τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου ὁ δῆμος αὐτῶν ἐξεδίωξε τοὺς δυνατούς, οἱ δὲ ἐπελθόντες μετὰ τῶν βαρβάρων ἐλῄζοντο τοὺς ἐν τῇ πόλει κατά τε γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλασσαν. [6] οἱ δὲ ἐν τῇ πόλει ὄντες Ἐπιδάμνιοι ἐπειδὴ ἐπιέζοντο, πέμπουσιν ἐς τὴν Κέρκυραν πρέσβεις ὡς μητρόπολιν οὖσαν, δεόμενοι μὴ σφᾶς περιορᾶν φθειρομένους, ἀλλὰ τούς τε φεύγοντας ξυναλλάξαι σφίσι καὶ τὸν τῶν βαρβάρων πόλεμον καταλῦσαι. [7] ταῦτα δὲ ἱκέται καθεζόμενοι ἐς τὸ Ἥραιον ἐδέοντο. οἱ δὲ Κερκυραῖοι τὴν ἱκετείαν οὐκ ἐδέξαντο, ἀλλ᾽ ἀπράκτους ἀπέπεμψαν. Thuc. 1.24 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0199%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D24 @grc

killing of Hipparchus by Harmodios and Aristogeiton in 514 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: plot
agent: Tyrannicides
agent: Hipparchos
location: Athens
begin date: -514
end date: -514
Perseus reference: The general Athenian public fancy that Hipparchus was tyrant when he fell by the hands of Harmodius and Aristogiton; not knowing that Hippias, the eldest of the sons of Pisistratus, was really supreme, and that Hipparchus and Thessalus were his brothers; and that Harmodius and Aristogiton suspecting, on the very day, nay at the very moment fixed on for the deed, that information had been conveyed to Hippias by their accomplices, concluded that he had been warned, and did not attack him, yet, not liking to be apprehended and risk their lives for nothing, fell upon Hipparchus near the temple of the daughters of Leos, and slew him as he was arranging the Panathenaic procession. Thuc. 1.20.2 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:1.20.2
Perseus reference: Ἀθηναίων γοῦν τὸ πλῆθος Ἵππαρχον οἴονται ὑφ᾽ Ἁρμοδίου καὶ Ἀριστογείτονος τύραννον ὄντα ἀποθανεῖν, καὶ οὐκ ἴσασιν ὅτι Ἱππίας μὲν πρεσβύτατος ὢν ἦρχε τῶν Πεισιστράτου υἱέων, Ἵππαρχος δὲ καὶ Θεσσαλὸς ἀδελφοὶ ἦσαν αὐτοῦ, ὑποτοπήσαντες δέ τι ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ καὶ παραχρῆμα Ἁρμόδιος καὶ Ἀριστογείτων ἐκ τῶν ξυνειδότων σφίσιν Ἱππίᾳ μεμηνῦσθαι τοῦ μὲν ἀπέσχοντο ὡς προειδότος, βουλόμενοι δὲ πρὶν ξυλληφθῆναι δράσαντές τι καὶ κινδυνεῦσαι, τῷ Ἱππάρχῳ περιτυχόντες περὶ τὸ Λεωκόρειον καλούμενον τὴν Παναθηναϊκὴν πομπὴν διακοσμοῦντι ἀπέκτειναν. Thuc. 1.20.2 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.20.2 @el

evt-conspiracy against Alexander the Great by Alexander
type: NamedIndividual
type: plot
agent: Alexander, son of Aeropos
agent: Alexander III king of Macedon
Perseus URI: αὐτὸς δὲ σὺν τοῖς πεζοῖς καὶ τῇ ἴλῃ τῇ βασιλικῇ ἐς Μάγαρσον ἧκεν καὶ τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ τῇ Μαγαρσίδι ἔθυσεν. ἔνθεν δὲ ἐς Μαλλὸν ἀφίκετο καὶ Ἀμφιλόχῳ ὅσα ἥρωι ἐνήγισε: καὶ στασιάζοντας καταλαβὼν τὴν στάσιν αὐτοῖς κατέπαυσε: καὶ τοὺς φόρους, οὓς βασιλεῖ Δαρείῳ ἀπέφερον, ἀνῆκεν, ὅτι Ἀργείων μὲν Μαλλωταὶ ἄποικοι ἦσαν, αὐτὸς δὲ ἀπ᾽ Ἄργους τῶν Ἡρακλειδῶν εἶναι ἠξίου. Arr. An. 2.5 Arr. An. 2.5-Flavii Arriani Anabasis Alexandri. Arrian. A.G. Roos. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1907. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:2.5 @grc
Perseus URI: καὶ ἐδόκει τοῖς ἑταίροις μήτε πάλαι εὖ βεβουλεῦσθαι τὸ κράτιστον τοῦ ἱππικοῦ ἀνδρὶ οὐ πιστῷ ἐπιτρέψας, νῶν τε χρῆναι αὐτὸν κατὰ τάχος ἐκποδὼν ποιεῖσθαι, πρὶν καὶ ἐπιτηδειότερον γενόμενον τοῖς Θετταλοῖς ξὺν αὐτοῖς τι νεωτερίσαι. καί τι καὶ θεῖον ἐφόβει αὐτούς. Arr. An. 1.25.5-Flavii Arriani Anabasis Alexandri. Arrian. A.G. Roos. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1907 http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.25.5 @grc
Perseus URI: ἔτι δὲ αὐτῷ περὶ τὴν Φασηλίδα ὄντι ἐξαγγέλλεται Ἀλέξανδρον τὸν Ἀερόπου ἐπιβο9υλεύειν, τά τε ἄλλα τῶν ἑταίρων ὄντα καὶ ἐν τῷ τότε Θεσσαλῶν τῆς ἵππου ἄρχοντα. ἦν μὲν δὴ ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος οὗτος ἀδελφὸς Ἡρομένους τε καὶ Ἀρραβαίου τῶν ξυνεπιλαβόντων τῆς σφαγῆς τῆς Φιλίππου: Arr. An. 1.25.1 Flavii Arriani Anabasis Alexandri. Arrian. A.G. Roos. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1907. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.25.1 @grc

evt-conspiracy against Alexander the Great by Callisthenes
type: NamedIndividual
type: plot
agent: Alexander III king of Macedon
agent: Callisthenes
begin date: -327
end date: -327
Perseus URI: οὔκουν ἀπεικότως δι᾽ ἀπεχθείας γενέσθαι Ἀλεξάνδρῳ Καλλισθένην τίθεμαι ἐπὶ τῇ ἀκαίρῳ τε παρρησίᾳ καὶ ὑπερόγκῳ ἀβελτερίᾳ. ἐφ᾽ ὅτῳ τεκμαίρομαι μὴ χαλεπῶς πιστευθῆναι τοὺς κατειπόντας Καλλισθένους, ὅτι μετέσχε τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς τῆς γενομένης Ἀλεξάνδρῳ ἐκ τῶν παίδων, τοὺς δέ, ὅτι καὶ ἐπῆρεν αὐτὸς ἐς τὸ ἐπιβουλεῦσαι. ξυνέβη δὲ τὰ τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς ὧδε. Arr. An. 4.12.7-Flavii Arriani Anabasis Alexandri. Arrian. A.G. Roos. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1907 http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:4.12.7 @grc

evt-coup-Samos-411 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: coup-d-etat
agent: Alcibiades
agent: Athenians
agent: Phrynichus
linked event: Athenian coup of 411 BC
location: Σάμος
see also: coup in Samos in 411 BC
see also: πραξικόπημα στη Σάμο το 411 π.Χ. @el

evt-coup Athens 404 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: coup-d-etat
agent: Athenians
location: Athens
begin date: -404
end date: -404
see also: coup in Athens in 404 BC
see also: πραξικόπημα στην Αθήνα το 404 π.Χ. @el

Athenian coup of 411 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: coup-d-etat
agent: Alcibiades
agent: Athenians
agent: Athenian democrats
agent: Athenian oligarchs
agent: Peithias
location: Athens
begin date: -411
end date: -411
date: June 9, 411 BC

evt-decree Alexander the Great
type: NamedIndividual
type: Decree
Perseus URI: decree
Perseus URI: διάταγμα @el

evt-defection of Athens allied cities
type: NamedIndividual
type: defection
agent: Athenians
cause: financial mismanagement at the Delian League
location: Greece
begin date: -477
end date: -476
Perseus URI: Turning a deaf ear to all these proposals, when their ships were manned and their allies had come in, the Corinthians sent a herald before them to declare war, and getting under weigh with seventy-five ships and two thousand heavy infantry, sailed for Epidamnus to give battle to the Corcyraeans. Thuc. 1.29 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:1.29
Perseus URI: Κορίνθιοι δὲ οὐδὲν τούτων ὑπήκουον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπειδὴ πλήρεις αὐτοῖς ἦσαν αἱ νῆες καὶ οἱ ξύμμαχοι παρῆσαν, προπέμψαντες κήρυκα πρότερον πόλεμον προεροῦντα Κερκυραίοις, ἄραντες ἑβδομήκοντα ναυσὶ καὶ πέντε δισχιλίοις τε ὁπλίταις ἔπλεον ἐπὶ τὴν Ἐπίδαμνον Κερκυραίοις ἐναντία πολεμήσοντες Thuc. 1.29 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.29 @grc

deforestation of Sicily in 415-413 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: deforestation
agent: Athenians
caused by: evt-Athenians build ships Sicilian expedition
linked event: Sicilian expedition
location: Athens
begin date: -415
end date: -413
Perseus URI: 90. So much then for the prejudices with which I am regarded: I now can call your attention to the questions you must consider, and upon which superior knowledge perhaps permits me to speak. [2] We sailed to Sicily first to conquer, if possible, the Siceliots, and after them the Italiots also, and finally to assail the empire and city of Carthage. [3] In the event of all or most of these schemes succeeding, we were then to attack Peloponnese, bringing with us the entire force of the Hellenes lately acquired in those parts, and taking a number of barbarians into our pay, such as the Iberians and others in those countries, confessedly the most warlike known, and building numerous galleys in addition to those which we had already, timber being plentiful in Italy; and with this fleet blockading Peloponnese from the sea and assailing it with our armies by land, taking some of the cities by storm, drawing works of circumvallation round others, we hoped without difficulty to effect its reduction, and after this to rule the whole of the Hellenic name. [4] Money and corn meanwhile for the better execution of these plans were to be supplied in sufficient quantities by the newly acquired places in those countries, independently of our revenues here at home. Thuc. 6.90 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:6.90
Perseus URI: 90. ‘καὶ τὰ μὲν ἐς τὰς ἐμὰς διαβολὰς τοιαῦτα ξυνέβη: περὶ δὲ ὧν ὑμῖν τε βουλευτέον καὶ ἐμοί, εἴ τι πλέον οἶδα, ἐσηγητέον, μάθετε ἤδη. [2] ἐπλεύσαμεν ἐς Σικελίαν πρῶτον μέν, εἰ δυναίμεθα, Σικελιώτας καταστρεψόμενοι, μετὰ δ᾽ ἐκείνους αὖθις καὶ Ἰταλιώτας, ἔπειτα καὶ τῆς Καρχηδονίων ἀρχῆς καὶ αὐτῶν ἀποπειράσοντες. [3] εἰ δὲ προχωρήσειε ταῦτα ἢ πάντα ἢ καὶ τὰ πλείω, ἤδη τῇ Πελοποννήσῳ ἐμέλλομεν ἐπιχειρήσειν, κομίσαντες ξύμπασαν μὲν τὴν ἐκεῖθεν προσγενομένην δύναμιν τῶν Ἑλλήνων, πολλοὺς δὲ βαρβάρους μισθωσάμενοι καὶ Ἴβηρας καὶ ἄλλους τῶν ἐκεῖ ὁμολογουμένως νῦν βαρβάρων μαχιμωτάτους, τριήρεις τε πρὸς ταῖς ἡμετέραις πολλὰς ναυπηγησάμενοι, ἐχούσης τῆς Ἰταλίας ξύλα ἄφθονα, αἷς τὴν Πελοπόννησον πέριξ πολιορκοῦντες καὶ τῷ πεζῷ ἅμα ἐκ γῆς ἐφορμαῖς τῶν πόλεων τὰς μὲν βίᾳ λαβόντες, τὰς δ᾽ ἐντειχισάμενοι, ῥᾳδίως ἠλπίζομεν καταπολεμήσειν καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα καὶ τοῦ ξύμπαντος Ἑλληνικοῦ ἄρξειν. [4] χρήματα δὲ καὶ σῖτον, ὥστε εὐπορώτερον γίγνεσθαί τι αὐτῶν, αὐτὰ τὰ προσγενόμενα ἐκεῖθεν χωρία ἔμελλε διαρκῆ ἄνευ τῆς ἐνθένδε προσόδου παρέξειν. Thuc. 6.90 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:6.90 @grc
comment: deforestation of Sicily due to the building of ships by the Athenians during the Sicilian expedition, 415-413 BC
label: αποψίλωση δασών στη Σικελία 415-413 π.Χ. @el

dispatch of Athenian troops to Argos in 407 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: dispatch of troops
agent: Adeimantus
agent: Alcibiades
agent: Andrians
cause: secession of Andros in 407 BC
location: Andros
begin date: -407
end date: -407
Perseus URI: 21] and after this he collected an armament of fifteen hundred hoplites, one hundred and fifty horsemen, and one hundred ships. Then, in the fourth month after his return to Athens, he set sail for Andros, which had revolted from the Athenians; and with him were sent Aristocrates and Adeimantus, the son of Leucolophides, the generals who had been chosen for service by land. Xen. Hell. 1.4.21 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA; William Heinemann, Ltd., London. vol. 1:1918; vol. 2: 1921. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.4.21
Perseus URI: [21] μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα κατελέξατο στρατιάν, ὁπλίτας μὲν πεντακοσίους καὶ χιλίους, ἱππέας δὲ πεντήκοντα καὶ ἑκατόν, ναῦς δ᾽ ἑκατόν. καὶ μετὰ τὸν κατάπλουν τρίτῳ μηνὶ ἀνήχθη ἐπ᾽ Ἄνδρον ἀφεστηκυῖαν τῶν Ἀθηναίων, καὶ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ Ἀριστοκράτης καὶ Ἀδείμαντος ὁ Λευκολοφίδου συνεπέμφθησαν ᾑρημένοι κατὰ γῆν στρατηγοί. Xen. Hell. 1.4.21 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968). http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.4.21 @grc
label: αποστολή Αθηναϊκού στρατεύματος στην Άνδρο το 407 π.Χ. @el

evt-dispatch Corinth Epidamnus 435 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: dispatch of troops
agent: Ambraciots
agent: Corcyreans
agent: Corinthians
agent: Epidamnians
agent: Leucadians
location: Ambracia
location: Corinth
location: loc-Epidamnus
location: Leucas
begin date: -435
end date: -435
Perseus reference: All these grievances made Corinth eager to send the promised aid to Epidamnus. Advertisement was made for volunteer settlers, and a force of Ambraciots, Leucadians, and Corinthians was despatched. Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. Thuc. 1.26.1 http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:1.26.1
Perseus reference: When the Corcyraeans heard of the arrival of the settlers and troops in Epidamnus, and the surrender of the colony to Corinth, they took fire. Instantly putting to sea with five-and-twenty ships, which were quickly followed by others, they insolently commanded the Epidamnians to receive back the banished nobles— （it must be premised that the Epidamnian exiles had come to Corcyra, and pointing to the sepulchres of their ancestors, had appealed to their kindred to restore them）— and to dismiss the Corinthian garrison and settlers. Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. Thuc. 1.47 http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D26%3Asection%3D3
Perseus reference: Κερκυραῖοι δὲ ἐπειδὴ ᾔσθοντο τούς τε οἰκήτορας καὶ φρουροὺς ἥκοντας ἐς τὴν Ἐπίδαμνον τήν τε ἀποικίαν Κορινθίοις δεδομένην, ἐχαλέπαινον: καὶ πλεύσαντες εὐθὺς πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι ναυσὶ καὶ ὕστερον ἑτέρῳ στόλῳ τούς τε φεύγοντας ἐκέλευον κατ᾽ ἐπήρειαν δέχεσθαι αὐτούς （ἦλθον γὰρ ἐς τὴν Κέρκυραν οἱ τῶν Ἐπιδαμνίων φυγάδες, τάφους τε ἀποδεικνύντες καὶ ξυγγένειαν, ἣν προϊσχόμενοι ἐδέοντο σφᾶς κατάγειν） τούς τε φρουροὺς οὓς Κορίνθιοι ἔπεμψαν καὶ τοὺς οἰκήτορας ἀποπέμπειν. Thuc. 1.47 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.26.3 @grc
Perseus reference: πάντων οὖν τούτων ἐγκλήματα ἔχοντες οἱ Κορίνθιοι ἔπεμπον ἐς τὴν Ἐπίδαμνον ἄσμενοι τὴν ὠφελίαν, οἰκήτορά τε τὸν βουλόμενον ἰέναι κελεύοντες καὶ Ἀμπρακιωτῶν καὶ Λευκαδίων καὶ ἑαυτῶν φρουρούς. Thuc. 1.26.1 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.26.1 @grc

drought at the time of consuls who succeeded Camillus c. 365 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: drought
agent: Marcus Furius Camillus
consequence: famine in Rome in 365 BC
cause: famine in Rome in 365 BC
linked event: famine in Rome in 365 BC
location: Rome
Perseus LSJ URI: ἀνομβρ-ία , ἡ, A. [select] want of rain, Arist.HA606b20, D.S.1.29, J.AJ8.13.2, Ph.2.383: metaph., [“τὴν παίδευσιν] οὔτε ὄμβρος οὔτε ἀ. ἀφαιρεῖται” Antipho Soph.60. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=a%29nombri%2Fas&la=greek&can=a%29nombri%2Fas0&prior=te&d=Perseus:text:2008.01.0572:book=13:chapter=4&i=1#lexicon @grc
Perseus URI: ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρχῇ τῶν μετὰ τὸν Κάμιλλον ὑπάτων νόσος εἰς Ῥώμην κατέσκηψε λοιμικὴ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπό τε ἀνομβρίας καὶ αὐχμῶν λαβοῦσα ἰσχυρῶν, ὑφ᾽ ὧν κακωθεῖσα ἥ τε δενδρῖτις καὶ ἡ σιτοφόρος ὀλίγους μὲν ἀνθρώποις καρποὺς ἐξήνεγκε καὶ νοσερούς, [2] ὀλίγην δὲ καὶ πονηρὰν βοσκήμασι νομήν. προβάτων μὲν οὖν καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὑποζυγίων ἀναρίθμητόν τι διεφθάρη πλῆθος οὐ χιλοῦ σπανισάμενον μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ποτοῦ: τοσαύτη γὰρ τῶν τε ποταμίων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ναμάτων ἐπίλειψις ἐγένετο, ἡνίκα μάλιστα κάμνει πάντα δίψει τὰ βοτά. [3] ἄνθρωποι δὲ ὀλίγοι μὲν τινες διεφθάρησαν, ἃς οὔπω πρότερον ἐπείρασαν προσενεγκάμενοι τροφάς, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ μικροῦ πάντες εἰς νόσους δεινὰς κατέπεσον ἀρχομένας μὲν ἀπὸ μικρῶν ἐξανθημάτων, ἃ περὶ τοὺς ἔξωθεν χρῶτας ἀνίστατο, [p. 239] κατασκηπτούσας δ᾽ εἰς ἕλκη μεγάλα φαγεδαίναις ὅμοια, πονηρὰν μὲν ὄψιν, δεινὴν δὲ ἀλγηδόνα παρέχοντα. [4] ἦν τε οὐθὲν ἴαμα τῆς περιωδυνίας τοῖς κάμνουσιν, ὅ τι μὴ κνησμοὶ καὶ σπαραγμοὶ συνεχεῖς λωβώμενοι τοῖς χρωσὶ μέχρι γυμνώσεως ὀστέων. Ambr. D.H. 13.4 Dionysii Halicarnasei Antiquitatum Romanarum quae supersunt, Vol I-IV. Dionysius of Halicarnassus. Karl Jacoby. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1885. Keyboarding. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.perseus-grc1:13.4 @grc

evt-earthquake-Sparta-464 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: earthquake
agent: earthquake
location: Laconia
begin date: -464
end date: -464
Perseus URI: 101. Meanwhile the Thasians being defeated in the field and suffering siege, appealed to Lacedaemon, and desired her to assist them by an invasion of Attica. [2] Without informing Athens she promised and intended to do so, but was prevented by the occurrence of the earthquake, accompanied by the secession of the Helots and the Thuriats and Aethaeans of the Perioeci to Ithome. Most of the Helots were the descendants of the old Messenians that were enslaved in the famous war; and so all of them came to be called Messenians. [3] So the Lacedaemonians being engaged in a war with the rebels in Ithome, the Thasians in the third year of the siege obtained terms from the Athenians by razing their walls, delivering up their ships, and arranging to pay the monies demanded at once, and tribute in future; giving up their possessions on the continent together with the mine. Thuc. 1.101 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910.
Perseus URI: 101. Θάσιοι δὲ νικηθέντες μάχῃ καὶ πολιορκούμενοι Λακεδαιμονίους ἐπεκαλοῦντο καὶ ἐπαμύνειν ἐκέλευον ἐσβαλόντας ἐς τὴν Ἀττικήν. [2] οἱ δὲ ὑπέσχοντο μὲν κρύφα τῶν Ἀθηναίων καὶ ἔμελλον, διεκωλύθησαν δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ γενομένου σεισμοῦ, ἐν ᾧ καὶ οἱ Εἵλωτες αὐτοῖς καὶ τῶν περιοίκων Θουριᾶταί τε καὶ Αἰθαιῆς ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀπέστησαν. πλεῖστοι δὲ τῶν Εἱλώτων ἐγένοντο οἱ τῶν παλαιῶν Μεσσηνίων τότε δουλωθέντων ἀπόγονοι: ᾗ καὶ Μεσσήνιοι ἐκλήθησαν οἱ πάντες. [3] πρὸς μὲν οὖν τοὺς ἐν Ἰθώμῃ πόλεμος καθειστήκει Λακεδαιμονίοις, Θάσιοι δὲ τρίτῳ ἔτει πολιορκούμενοι ὡμολόγησαν Ἀθηναίοις τεῖχός τε καθελόντες καὶ ναῦς παραδόντες, χρήματά τε ὅσα ἔδει ἀποδοῦναι αὐτίκα ταξάμενοι καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν φέρειν, τήν τε ἤπειρον καὶ τὸ μέταλλον ἀφέντες. Thuc. 1.101 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. @grc

evt-earthquake Euboean Malian gulfs 426 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: earthquake
agent: Peloponnesians
agent: earthquake
location: Euboean Gulf
location: Malian gulf
location: Peparethus
Perseus URI: 89. In the ensuing summer the Peloponnesians and their allies, under the command of Agis the1 son of Archidamus, the Lacedaemonian king, came as far as the2 isthmus. They intended to invade Attica, but were deterred from proceeding by numerous earthquakes3, and no invasion took place in this year. [2] About the time when these earthquakes prevailed, the sea at Orobiae in Euboea, retiring from what was then the line of coast and rising in a great wave, overflowed a part of the city; and although it subsided in some places, yet in others the inundation was permanent, and that which was formerly land is now sea. All the people who could not escape to the high ground perished. [3] A similar inundation occurred in the neighbourhood of Atalantè, an island on the coast of the Opuntian Locri, which carried away a part of the Athenian fort4, and dashed in pieces one of two ships which were drawn up on the beach. [4] At Peparethus also the sea retired, but no inundation followed; an earthquake, however, overthrew a part of the wall, the Prytaneum, and a few houses. [5] I conceive that, where the force of the earthquake was greatest, the sea was driven back, and the suddenness of the recoil made the inundation more violent; and I am of opinion that this was the cause of the phenomenon, which would never have taken place if there had been no earthquake. 1 B.C. 426. 2 The earthquakes conceived by Thucydides to have been the cause of the great ebb and flow of the sea at Orobiae in Euboea, and at Atalantè 3 Cp. ch. 87. 4 Cp. 2.32. Thuc. 3.89 Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1. Thucydides. Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng2:3.89
Perseus URI: 89. τοῦ δ᾽ ἐπιγιγνομένου θέρους Πελοποννήσιοι καὶ οἱ ξύμμαχοι μέχρι μὲν τοῦ Ἰσθμοῦ ἦλθον ὡς ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἐσβαλοῦντες, Ἄγιδος τοῦ Ἀρχιδάμου ἡγουμένου Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλέως, σεισμῶν δὲ γενομένων πολλῶν ἀπετράποντο πάλιν καὶ οὐκ ἐγένετο ἐσβολή. [2] καὶ περὶ τούτους τοὺς χρόνους, τῶν σεισμῶν κατεχόντων, τῆς Εὐβοίας ἐν Ὀροβίαις ἡ θάλασσα ἐπανελθοῦσα ἀπὸ τῆς τότε οὔσης γῆς καὶ κυματωθεῖσα ἐπῆλθε τῆς πόλεως μέρος τι, καὶ τὸ μὲν κατέκλυσε,τὸ δ᾽ ὑπενόστησε, καὶ θάλασσα νῦν ἐστὶ πρότερον οὖσα γῆ: καὶ ἀνθρώπους διέφθειρεν ὅσοι μὴ ἐδύναντο φθῆναι πρὸς τὰ μετέωρα ἀναδραμόντες. [3] καὶ περὶ Ἀταλάντην τὴν ἐπὶ Λοκροῖς τοῖς Ὀπουντίοις νῆσον παραπλησία γίγνεται ἐπίκλυσις, καὶ τοῦ τε φρουρίου τῶν Ἀθηναίων παρεῖλε καὶ δύο νεῶν ἀνειλκυσμένων τὴν ἑτέραν κατέαξεν. [4] ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ ἐν Πεπαρήθῳ κύματος ἐπαναχώρησίς τις, οὐ μέντοι ἐπέκλυσέ γε: καὶ σεισμὸς τοῦ τείχους τι κατέβαλε καὶ τὸ πρυτανεῖον καὶ ἄλλας οἰκίας ὀλίγας. [5] αἴτιον δ᾽ ἔγωγε νομίζω τοῦ τοιούτου, ᾗ ἰσχυρότατος ὁ σεισμὸς ἐγένετο, κατὰ τοῦτο ἀποστέλλειν τε τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ἐξαπίνης πάλιν ἐπισπωμένην βιαιότερον τὴν ἐπίκλυσιν ποιεῖν: ἄνευ δὲ σεισμοῦ οὐκ ἄν μοι δοκεῖ τὸ τοιοῦτο ξυμβῆναι γενέσθαι. Thuc. 3.89 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:3.89 @grc

evt-end-alliance-Spartans-Athenians-462-461 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: end of alliance
agent: Athenians
agent: Messenians
agent: Spartans
location: Ithome
begin date: -462
end date: -461
comment: 101. Meanwhile the Thasians being defeated in the field and suffering siege, appealed to Lacedaemon, and desired her to assist them by an invasion of Attica. [2] Without informing Athens she promised and intended to do so, but was prevented by the occurrence of the earthquake, accompanied by the secession of the Helots and the Thuriats and Aethaeans of the Perioeci to Ithome. Most of the Helots were the descendants of the old Messenians that were enslaved in the famous war; and so all of them came to be called Messenians. [3] So the Lacedaemonians being engaged in a war with the rebels in Ithome, the Thasians in the third year of the siege obtained terms from the Athenians by razing their walls, delivering up their ships, and arranging to pay the monies demanded at once, and tribute in future; giving up their possessions on the continent together with the mine. Thuc. 1.101 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. Thuc. 1.101 https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D101
comment: 101. Θάσιοι δὲ νικηθέντες μάχῃ καὶ πολιορκούμενοι Λακεδαιμονίους ἐπεκαλοῦντο καὶ ἐπαμύνειν ἐκέλευον ἐσβαλόντας ἐς τὴν Ἀττικήν. [2] οἱ δὲ ὑπέσχοντο μὲν κρύφα τῶν Ἀθηναίων καὶ ἔμελλον, διεκωλύθησαν δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ γενομένου σεισμοῦ, ἐν ᾧ καὶ οἱ Εἵλωτες αὐτοῖς καὶ τῶν περιοίκων Θουριᾶταί τε καὶ Αἰθαιῆς ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀπέστησαν. πλεῖστοι δὲ τῶν Εἱλώτων ἐγένοντο οἱ τῶν παλαιῶν Μεσσηνίων τότε δουλωθέντων ἀπόγονοι: ᾗ καὶ Μεσσήνιοι ἐκλήθησαν οἱ πάντες. [3] πρὸς μὲν οὖν τοὺς ἐν Ἰθώμῃ πόλεμος καθειστήκει Λακεδαιμονίοις, Θάσιοι δὲ τρίτῳ ἔτει πολιορκούμενοι ὡμολόγησαν Ἀθηναίοις τεῖχός τε καθελόντες καὶ ναῦς παραδόντες, χρήματά τε ὅσα ἔδει ἀποδοῦναι αὐτίκα ταξάμενοι καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν φέρειν, τήν τε ἤπειρον καὶ τὸ μέταλλον ἀφέντες. Thuc. 1.101 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. Thuc. 1.101 https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0199%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D101 @grc

Plague of Athens
type: NamedIndividual
type: pandemic
agent: Athenians
agent: Pericles
location: Athens
begin date: -430
end date: -426
Perseus reference: 48. ἤρξατο δὲ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον, ὡς λέγεται, ἐξ Αἰθιοπίας τῆς ὑπὲρ Αἰγύπτου, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ ἐς Αἴγυπτον καὶ Λιβύην κατέβη καὶ ἐς τὴν βασιλέως γῆν τὴν πολλήν. [2] ἐς δὲ τὴν Ἀθηναίων πόλιν ἐξαπιναίως ἐσέπεσε, καὶ τὸ πρῶτον ἐν τῷ Πειραιεῖ ἥψατο τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὥστε καὶ ἐλέχθη ὑπ᾽ αὐτῶν ὡς οἱ Πελοποννήσιοι φάρμακα ἐσβεβλήκοιεν ἐς τὰ φρέατα: κρῆναι γὰρ οὔπω ἦσαν αὐτόθι. ὕστερον δὲ καὶ ἐς τὴν ἄνω πόλιν ἀφίκετο, καὶ ἔθνῃσκον πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἤδη. [3] λεγέτω μὲν οὖν περὶ αὐτοῦ ὡς ἕκαστος γιγνώσκει καὶ ἰατρὸς καὶ ἰδιώτης, ἀφ᾽ ὅτου εἰκὸς ἦν γενέσθαι αὐτό, καὶ τὰς αἰτίας ἅστινας νομίζει τοσαύτης μεταβολῆς ἱκανὰς εἶναι δύναμιν ἐς τὸ μεταστῆσαι σχεῖν: ἐγὼ δὲ οἷόν τε ἐγίγνετο λέξω, καὶ ἀφ᾽ ὧν ἄν τις σκοπῶν, εἴ ποτε καὶ αὖθις ἐπιπέσοι, μάλιστ᾽ ἂν ἔχοι τι προειδὼς μὴ ἀγνοεῖν, ταῦτα δηλώσω αὐτός τε νοσήσας καὶ αὐτὸς ἰδὼν ἄλλους πάσχοντας. 49. τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἔτος, ὡς ὡμολογεῖτο, ἐκ πάντων μάλιστα δὴ ἐκεῖνο ἄνοσον ἐς τὰς ἄλλας ἀσθενείας ἐτύγχανεν ὄν: εἰ δέ τις καὶ προύκαμνέ τι, ἐς τοῦτο πάντα ἀπεκρίθη. [2] τοὺς δὲ ἄλλους ἀπ᾽ οὐδεμιᾶς προφάσεως, ἀλλ᾽ ἐξαίφνης ὑγιεῖς ὄντας πρῶτον μὲν τῆς κεφαλῆς θέρμαι ἰσχυραὶ καὶ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ἐρυθήματα καὶ φλόγωσις ἐλάμβανε, καὶ τὰ ἐντός, ἥ τε φάρυγξ καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα, εὐθὺς αἱματώδη ἦν καὶ πνεῦμα ἄτοπον καὶ δυσῶδες ἠφίει: [3] ἔπειτα ἐξ αὐτῶν πταρμὸς καὶ βράγχος ἐπεγίγνετο, καὶ ἐν οὐ πολλῷ χρόνῳ κατέβαινεν ἐς τὰ στήθη ὁ πόνος μετὰ βηχὸς ἰσχυροῦ: καὶ ὁπότε ἐς τὴν καρδίαν στηρίξειεν, ἀνέστρεφέ τε αὐτὴν καὶ ἀποκαθάρσεις χολῆς πᾶσαι ὅσαι ὑπὸ ἰατρῶν ὠνομασμέναι εἰσὶν ἐπῇσαν, καὶ αὗται μετὰ ταλαιπωρίας μεγάλης. [4] λύγξ τε τοῖς πλέοσιν ἐνέπιπτε κενή, σπασμὸν ἐνδιδοῦσα ἰσχυρόν, τοῖς μὲν μετὰ ταῦτα λωφήσαντα, τοῖς δὲ καὶ πολλῷ ὕστερον. [5] καὶ τὸ μὲν ἔξωθεν ἁπτομένῳ σῶμα οὔτ᾽ ἄγαν θερμὸν ἦν οὔτε χλωρόν, ἀλλ᾽ ὑπέρυθρον, πελιτνόν, φλυκταίναις μικραῖς καὶ ἕλκεσιν ἐξηνθηκός: τὰ δὲ ἐντὸς οὕτως ἐκάετο ὥστε μήτε τῶν πάνυ λεπτῶν ἱματίων καὶ σινδόνων τὰς ἐπιβολὰς μηδ᾽ ἄλλο τι ἢ γυμνοὶ ἀνέχεσθαι, ἥδιστά τε ἂν ἐς ὕδωρ ψυχρὸν σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ῥίπτειν. καὶ πολλοὶ τοῦτο τῶν ἠμελημένων ἀνθρώπων καὶ … @grc
Perseus reference: 48.It first began, it is said, in the parts of Ethiopia above Egypt, and thence descended into Egypt and Libya and into most of the king's country. [2] Suddenly falling upon Athens, it first attacked the population in Piraeus,—which was the occasion of their saying that the Peloponnesians had poisoned the reservoirs, there being as yet no wells there—and afterwards appeared in the upper city, when the deaths became much more frequent. [3] All speculation as to its origin and its causes, if causes can be found adequate to produce so great a disturbance, I leave to other writers, whether lay or professional; for myself, I shall simply set down its nature, and explain the symptoms by which perhaps it may be recognized by the student, if it should ever break out again. This I can the better do, as I had the disease myself, and watched its operation in the case of others. 49. That year then is admitted to have been otherwise unprecedentedly free from sickness; and such few cases as occurred, all determined in this. [2] As a rule, however, there was no ostensible cause; but people in good health were all of a sudden attacked by violent heats in the head, and redness and inflammation in the eyes, the inward parts, such as the throat or tongue, becoming bloody and emitting an unnatural and fetid breath. [3] These symptoms were followed by sneezing and hoarseness, after which the pain soon reached the chest, and produced a hard cough. When it fixed in the stomach, it upset it; and discharges of bile of every kind named by physicians ensued, accompanied by very great distress. [4] In most cases also an ineffectual retching followed, producing violent spasms, which in some cases ceased soon after, in others much later. [5] Externally the body was not very hot to the touch, nor pale in its appearance, but reddish, livid, and breaking out into small pustules and ulcers. But internally it burned so that the patient could not bear to have on him clothing or linen even of the very …
label: epidemic at Athens in 430 BC
label: Λοιμός των Αθηνών @el
see also: The Thucydides syndrome Langmuir AD, Worthen TD, Solomon J, Ray CG, Petersen E. The Thucydides syndrome. A new hypothesis for the cause of the plague of Athens. N Engl J Med. 1985 Oct 17;313(16):1027-30. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198510173131618. PMID: 3900725.

evt-epidemic Rome 365 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: pandemic
agent: famine
linked event: drought at the time of consuls who succeeded Camillus c. 365 BC
linked event: famine in Rome in 365 BC
location: Rome
begin date: -365
end date: -365
Perseus URI: ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρχῇ τῶν μετὰ τὸν Κάμιλλον ὑπάτων νόσος εἰς Ῥώμην κατέσκηψε λοιμικὴ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπό τε ἀνομβρίας καὶ αὐχμῶν λαβοῦσα ἰσχυρῶν, ὑφ᾽ ὧν κακωθεῖσα ἥ τε δενδρῖτις καὶ ἡ σιτοφόρος ὀλίγους μὲν ἀνθρώποις καρποὺς ἐξήνεγκε καὶ νοσερούς, [2] ὀλίγην δὲ καὶ πονηρὰν βοσκήμασι νομήν. προβάτων μὲν οὖν καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὑποζυγίων ἀναρίθμητόν τι διεφθάρη πλῆθος οὐ χιλοῦ σπανισάμενον μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ποτοῦ: τοσαύτη γὰρ τῶν τε ποταμίων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ναμάτων ἐπίλειψις ἐγένετο, ἡνίκα μάλιστα κάμνει πάντα δίψει τὰ βοτά. [3] ἄνθρωποι δὲ ὀλίγοι μὲν τινες διεφθάρησαν, ἃς οὔπω πρότερον ἐπείρασαν προσενεγκάμενοι τροφάς, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ μικροῦ πάντες εἰς νόσους δεινὰς κατέπεσον ἀρχομένας μὲν ἀπὸ μικρῶν ἐξανθημάτων, ἃ περὶ τοὺς ἔξωθεν χρῶτας ἀνίστατο, [p. 239] κατασκηπτούσας δ᾽ εἰς ἕλκη μεγάλα φαγεδαίναις ὅμοια, πονηρὰν μὲν ὄψιν, δεινὴν δὲ ἀλγηδόνα παρέχοντα. [4] ἦν τε οὐθὲν ἴαμα τῆς περιωδυνίας τοῖς κάμνουσιν, ὅ τι μὴ κνησμοὶ καὶ σπαραγμοὶ συνεχεῖς λωβώμενοι τοῖς χρωσὶ μέχρι γυμνώσεως ὀστέων. Ambr. D.H. 13.4 Dionysii Halicarnasei Antiquitatum Romanarum quae supersunt, Vol I-IV. Dionysius of Halicarnassus. Karl Jacoby. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1885. Keyboarding. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.perseus-grc1:13.4 @grc

evt-expulsion of Delians by Athenians 422 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: expulsion
begin date: -433
end date: -422
Perseus URI: The next summer the truce for a year ended, after lasting until the Pythian games. During the armistice the Athenians expelled the Delians from Delos, concluding that they must have been polluted by some old offense at the time of their consecration, and that this had been the omission in the previous purification of the island, which as I have related, had been thought to have been duly accomplished by the removal of the graves of the dead. The Delians had Atramyttium in Asia given them by Pharnaces, and settled there as they removed from Delos. Thuc. 5.1.1 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:5.1.1
Perseus URI: τοῦ δ᾽ ἐπιγιγνομένου θέρους αἱ μὲν ἐνιαύσιοι σπονδαὶ διελέλυντο μέχρι Πυθίων, καὶ ἐν τῇ ἐκεχειρίᾳ Ἀθηναῖοι Δηλίους ἀνέστησαν ἐκ Δήλου, ἡγησάμενοι κατὰ παλαιάν τινα αἰτίαν οὐ καθαροὺς ὄντας ἱερῶσθαι, καὶ ἅμα ἐλλιπὲς σφίσιν εἶναι τοῦτο τῆς καθάρσεως, ᾗ πρότερόν μοι δεδήλωται ὡς ἀνελόντες τὰς θήκας τῶν τεθνεώτων ὀρθῶς ἐνόμισαν ποιῆσαι. καὶ οἱ μὲν Δήλιοι Ἀτραμύττιον Φαρνάκου δόντος αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ ᾤκησαν, οὕτως ὡς ἕκαστος ὥρμητο. Thuc. 5.1.1 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.1.1 @grc

famine in Rome in 365 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: Famine
agent: Marcus Furius Camillus
caused by: drought at the time of consuls who succeeded Camillus c. 365 BC
linked event: drought at the time of consuls who succeeded Camillus c. 365 BC
location: Rome
starts before or with the end of: drought at the time of consuls who succeeded Camillus c. 365 BC
Perseus URI: ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρχῇ τῶν μετὰ τὸν Κάμιλλον ὑπάτων νόσος εἰς Ῥώμην κατέσκηψε λοιμικὴ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπό τε ἀνομβρίας καὶ αὐχμῶν λαβοῦσα ἰσχυρῶν, ὑφ᾽ ὧν κακωθεῖσα ἥ τε δενδρῖτις καὶ ἡ σιτοφόρος ὀλίγους μὲν ἀνθρώποις καρποὺς ἐξήνεγκε καὶ νοσερούς, [2] ὀλίγην δὲ καὶ πονηρὰν βοσκήμασι νομήν. προβάτων μὲν οὖν καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὑποζυγίων ἀναρίθμητόν τι διεφθάρη πλῆθος οὐ χιλοῦ σπανισάμενον μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ποτοῦ: τοσαύτη γὰρ τῶν τε ποταμίων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ναμάτων ἐπίλειψις ἐγένετο, ἡνίκα μάλιστα κάμνει πάντα δίψει τὰ βοτά. [3] ἄνθρωποι δὲ ὀλίγοι μὲν τινες διεφθάρησαν, ἃς οὔπω πρότερον ἐπείρασαν προσενεγκάμενοι τροφάς, οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ μικροῦ πάντες εἰς νόσους δεινὰς κατέπεσον ἀρχομένας μὲν ἀπὸ μικρῶν ἐξανθημάτων, ἃ περὶ τοὺς ἔξωθεν χρῶτας ἀνίστατο, [p. 239] κατασκηπτούσας δ᾽ εἰς ἕλκη μεγάλα φαγεδαίναις ὅμοια, πονηρὰν μὲν ὄψιν, δεινὴν δὲ ἀλγηδόνα παρέχοντα. [4] ἦν τε οὐθὲν ἴαμα τῆς περιωδυνίας τοῖς κάμνουσιν, ὅ τι μὴ κνησμοὶ καὶ σπαραγμοὶ συνεχεῖς λωβώμενοι τοῖς χρωσὶ μέχρι γυμνώσεως ὀστέων. Ambr. D.H. 13.4 Dionysii Halicarnasei Antiquitatum Romanarum quae supersunt, Vol I-IV. Dionysius of Halicarnassus. Karl Jacoby. In Aedibus B.G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1885. Keyboarding. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.perseus-grc1:13.4 @grc
label: λιμός στη Ρώμη το 356 π.Χ. @el

evt-financial mismanagement general Arginusae
type: NamedIndividual
type: financial mismanagement of public money
Perseus URI: 7. Now the people at home deposed the above-mentioned generals, with the exception of Conon; and as his colleagues they chose two men, Adeimantus and Philocles. As for those generals who had taken part in the battle, two of them—Protomachus and Aristogenes—did not return to Athens, but when the other six came home— [2] Pericles, Diomedon, Lysias, Aristocrates, Thrasyllus, and Erasinides,—Archedemus, who was at that time a leader of the popular party at Athens and had charge of the two-obol fund,1 brought accusation against Erasinides before a court and urged that a fine be imposed upon him, claiming that he had in his possession money from the Hellespont which belonged to the people; he accused him, further, of misconduct as general. And the court decreed that Erasinides should be imprisoned. [3] After this the generals made a statement before the Senate in regard to the battle and the violence of the storm; and upon motion of2 Timocrates, that the others also should be imprisoned and turned over to the Assembly for trial, the Senate imprisoned them. [4] After this a meeting of the Assembly was called, at which a number of people, and particularly Theramenes, spoke against the generals, saying that they ought to render an account of their conduct in not picking up the shipwrecked. For as proof that the generals fastened the responsibility upon no person apart from themselves, Theramenes showed a letter which they had sent to the Senate and to the Assembly, in which they put the blame upon nothing but the storm. [5] After this the several generals spoke in their own defence (though briefly, for they were not granted the hearing prescribed by the law) and stated what they had done, saying that they themselves undertook to sail against the enemy and that they assigned the duty of recovering the shipwrecked to certain of the captains who were competent men and had been generals in the past,—Theramenes, Thrasybulus, and others of that sort; [6] and if they had to blame a…
Perseus URI: 7. οἱ δ᾽ ἐν οἴκῳ τούτους μὲν τοὺς στρατηγοὺς ἔπαυσαν πλὴν Κόνωνος: πρὸς δὲ τούτῳ εἵλοντο Ἀδείμαντον καὶ τρίτον Φιλοκλέα. [2] τῶν δὲ ναυμαχησάντων στρατηγῶν Πρωτόμαχος μὲν καὶ Ἀριστογένης οὐκ ἀπῆλθον εἰς Ἀθήνας, τῶν δὲ ἓξ καταπλευσάντων, Περικλέους καὶ Διομέδοντος καὶ Λυσίου καὶ Ἀριστοκράτους καὶ Θρασύλλου καὶ Ἐρασινίδου, Ἀρχέδημος ὁ τοῦ δήμου τότε προεστηκὼς ἐν Ἀθήναις καὶ τῆς διωβελίας ἐπιμελόμενος Ἐρασινίδῃ ἐπιβολὴν ἐπιβαλὼν κατηγόρει ἐν δικαστηρίῳ, φάσκων ἐξ Ἑλλησπόντου αὐτὸν ἔχειν χρήματα ὄντα τοῦ δήμου: κατηγόρει δὲ καὶ περὶ τῆς στρατηγίας. καὶ ἔδοξε τῷ δικαστηρίῳ δῆσαι τὸν Ἐρασινίδην. [3] μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐν τῇ βουλῇ διηγοῦντο οἱ στρατηγοὶ περί τε τῆς ναυμαχίας καὶ τοῦ μεγέθους τοῦ χειμῶνος. Τιμοκράτους δ᾽ εἰπόντος ὅτι καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους χρὴ δεθέντας εἰς τὸν δῆμον παραδοθῆναι, ἡ βουλὴ ἔδησε. [4] μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐκκλησία ἐγένετο, ἐν ᾗ τῶν στρατηγῶν κατηγόρουν ἄλλοι τε καὶ Θηραμένης μάλιστα, δικαίους εἶναι λόγον ὑποσχεῖν διότι οὐκ ἀνείλοντο τοὺς ναυαγούς. ὅτι μὲν γὰρ οὐδενὸς ἄλλου καθήπτοντο, ἐπιστολὴν ἐπεδείκνυε μαρτύριον ἣν ἔπεμψαν οἱ στρατηγοὶ εἰς τὴν βουλὴν καὶ εἰς τὸν δῆμον, ἄλλο οὐδὲν αἰτιώμενοι ἢ τὸν χειμῶνα. [5] μετὰ ταῦτα δὲ οἱ στρατηγοὶ βραχέως ἕκαστος ἀπελογήσατο （οὐ γὰρ προυτέθη σφίσι λόγος κατὰ τὸν νόμον）, καὶ τὰ πεπραγμένα διηγοῦντο, ὅτι αὐτοὶ μὲν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους πλέοιεν, τὴν δὲ ἀναίρεσιν τῶν ναυαγῶν προστάξαιεν τῶν τριηράρχων ἀνδράσιν ἱκανοῖς καὶ ἐστρατηγηκόσιν ἤδη, Θηραμένει καὶ Θρασυβούλῳ καὶ ἄλλοις τοιούτοις: [6] καὶ εἴπερ γέ τινας δέοι, περὶ τῆς ἀναιρέσεως οὐδένα ἄλλον ἔχειν αὐτοὺς αἰτιάσασθαι ἢ τούτους οἷς προσετάχθη. καὶ οὐχ ὅτι γε κατηγοροῦσιν ἡμῶν, ἔφασαν, ψευσόμεθα φάσκοντες αὐτοὺς αἰτίους εἶναι, ἀλλὰ τὸ μέγεθος τοῦ χειμῶνος εἶναι τὸ κωλῦσαν τὴν ἀναίρεσιν. τούτων δὲ μάρτυρας παρείχοντο τοὺς κυβερνήτας καὶ ἄλλους τῶν συμπλεόντων πολλούς. τοιαῦτα λέγοντες ἔπειθον τὸν δῆμον: [7] ἐβούλοντο δὲ πολλοὶ τῶν ἰδιωτῶν ἐγγυᾶσθαι ἀνιστάμενοι: ἔδοξε δὲ ἀναβαλέσθαι εἰς ἑτέραν ἐκκλησίαν （τότε γὰρ ὀψὲ ἦν καὶ τὰς χεῖρας οὐκ ἂν καθεώρων）, τὴν δὲ βουλὴν προβουλεύ… @grc
Perseus URI: http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.7

financial mismanagement at the Delian League
type: NamedIndividual
type: financial mismanagement of public money
location: Athens
begin date: -477
end date: -476
Perseus URI: Of all the causes of defection, that connected with arrears of tribute and vessels, and with failure of service, was the chief; for the Athenians were very severe and exacting, and made themselves offensive by applying the screw of necessity to men who were not used to and in fact not disposed for any continuous labour. In some other respects the Athenians were not the old popular rulers they had been at first; and if they had more than their fair share of service, it was correspondingly easy for them to reduce any that tried to leave the confederacy. For this the allies had themselves to blame; the wish to get off service making most of them arrange to pay their share of the expense in money instead of in ships, and so to avoid having to leave their homes. Thus while Athens was increasing her navy with the funds which they contributed, a revolt always found them without resources or experience for war. Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:1.56
Perseus URI: αἰτίαι δὲ ἄλλαι τε ἦσαν τῶν ἀποστάσεων καὶ μέγισται αἱ τῶν φόρων καὶ νεῶν ἔκδειαι καὶ λιποστράτιον εἴ τῳ ἐγένετο: οἱ γὰρ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀκριβῶς ἔπρασσον καὶ λυπηροὶ ἦσαν οὐκ εἰωθόσιν οὐδὲ βουλομένοις ταλαιπωρεῖν προσάγοντες τὰς ἀνάγκας. ἦσαν δέ πως καὶ ἄλλως οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐν ἡδονῇ ἄρχοντες, καὶ οὔτε ξυνεστράτευον ἀπὸ τοῦ ἴσου ῥᾴδιόν τε προσάγεσθαι ἦν αὐτοῖς τοὺς ἀφισταμένους. ὧν αὐτοὶ αἴτιοι ἐγένοντο οἱ ξύμμαχοι: διὰ γὰρ τὴν ἀπόκνησιν ταύτην τῶν στρατειῶν οἱ πλείους αὐτῶν, ἵνα μὴ ἀπ᾽ οἴκου ὦσι, χρήματα ἐτάξαντο ἀντὶ τῶν νεῶν τὸ ἱκνούμενον ἀνάλωμα φέρειν, καὶ τοῖς μὲν Ἀθηναίοις ηὔξετο τὸ ναυτικὸν ἀπὸ τῆς δαπάνης ἣν ἐκεῖνοι ξυμφέροιεν, αὐτοὶ δέ, ὁπότε ἀποσταῖεν, ἀπαράσκευοι καὶ ἄπειροι ἐς τὸν πόλεμον καθίσταντο. Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.99.1-3 @grc
label: οικονομική κακοδιαχείριση στη Δηλιακή συμμαχία @el

evt-general amnesty Alexander the Great
type: NamedIndividual
type: amnesty
agent: Alexander III king of Macedon
linked event: evt-decree Alexander the Great
location: Greece
begin date: -324
end date: -324
Perseus URI: [2] Ἀλέξανδρος γὰρ βραχεῖ χρόνῳ πρότερον τῆς τελευτῆς ἔκρινε κατάγειν ἅπαντας τοὺς ἐν ταῖς Ἑλληνίσι πόλεσι φυγάδας, ἅμα μὲν δόξης ἕνεκεν, ἅμα δὲ βουλόμενος ἔχειν ἐν ἑκάστῃ πόλει πολλοὺς ἰδίους ταῖς εὐνοίαις πρὸς τοὺς νεωτερισμοὺς καὶ τὰς ἀποστάσεις τῶν Ἑλλήνων. Diod. 18.8.2 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica, Vol 4-5. Diodorus Siculus. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. Kurt Theodor Fischer. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1903-1906. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.perseus-grc2:18.8.2 @grc
Perseus URI: [3] διόπερ ὑπογύων ὄντων τῶν Ὀλυμπίων ἐξέπεμψεν εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα Νικάνορα τὸν Σταγειρίτην, δοὺς ἐπιστολὴν περὶ τῆς καθόδου: ταύτην δὲ προσέταξεν ἐν τῇ πανηγύρει [p. 331] διὰ τοῦ νικήσαντος κήρυκος ἀναγνωσθῆναι τοῖς πλήθεσιν. Diodori Bibliotheca Historica, Vol 4-5. Diodorus Siculus. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. Kurt Theodor Fischer. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1903-1906. Diod. 18.8.3 http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.perseus-grc2:18.8.3 @grc
Perseus URI: [4] τούτου δὲ ποιήσαντος τὸ προσταχθὲν λαβὼν ὁ κῆρυξ ἀνέγνω τὴν ἐπιστολὴν τήνδε. ‘βασιλεὺς Ἀλέξανδρος τοῖς ἐκ τῶν Ἐλληνίδων πόλεων φυγάσι. τοῦ μὲν φεύγειν ὑμᾶς οὐχ ἡμεῖς αἴτιοι γεγόναμεν, τοῦ δὲ κατελθεῖν εἰς τὰς ἰδίας πατρίδας ἡμεῖς ἐσόμεθα πλὴν τῶν ἐναγῶν. γεγράφαμεν δὲ Ἀντιπάτρῳ περὶ τούτων, ὅπως τὰς μὴν βουλομένας τῶν πόλεων κατάγειν ἀναγκάσῃ.’ κηρυχθέντων δὲ Diod. 18.8.4 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica, Vol 4-5. Diodorus Siculus. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. Kurt Theodor Fischer. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1903-1906. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.perseus-grc2:18.8.4 @grc
Perseus URI: [5] τούτων μεγάλῳ κρότῳ ἐπεσήμηνε τὸ πλῆθος: ἀποδεξάμενοι γὰρ οἱ κατὰ τὴν πανήγυριν τὴν χάριν τοῦ βασιλέως διὰ τὴν χαρὰν ἠμείβοντο τὴν εὐεργεσίαν τοῖς ἐπαίνοις. ἦσαν δ᾽ οἱ φυγάδες ἀπηντηκότες ἅπαντες ἐπὶ τὴν πανήγυριν, ὄντες πλείους τῶν δισμυρίων. Diod. 18.8.5 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica, Vol 4-5. Diodorus Siculus. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. Kurt Theodor Fischer. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1903-1906. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.perseus-grc2:18.8.5 @grc

evt-general battle Amphipolis
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Brasidas
agent: Cleon
agent: Thucydides
function: general
begin date: -424
end date: -422

general at the battle of Mantineia
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Epameinondas
agent: Pelopidas
agent: Thebans
linked event: battle of Mantineia
linked event: Theban hegemony
begin date: -362
end date: -362
label: στρατηγός στη μάχη της Μαντίνειας @el

harangue of Europtolemos at the trial of the generals after the battle of Arginusae
type: NamedIndividual
type: harangue
begin date: -406
end date: -406
Perseus URI: 7. Now the people at home deposed the above-mentioned generals, with the exception of Conon; and as his colleagues they chose two men, Adeimantus and Philocles. As for those generals who had taken part in the battle, two of them—Protomachus and Aristogenes—did not return to Athens, but when the other six came home— [2] Pericles, Diomedon, Lysias, Aristocrates, Thrasyllus, and Erasinides,—Archedemus, who was at that time a leader of the popular party at Athens and had charge of the two-obol fund,1 brought accusation against Erasinides before a court and urged that a fine be imposed upon him, claiming that he had in his possession money from the Hellespont which belonged to the people; he accused him, further, of misconduct as general. And the court decreed that Erasinides should be imprisoned. [3] After this the generals made a statement before the Senate in regard to the battle and the violence of the storm; and upon motion of2 Timocrates, that the others also should be imprisoned and turned over to the Assembly for trial, the Senate imprisoned them. [4] After this a meeting of the Assembly was called, at which a number of people, and particularly Theramenes, spoke against the generals, saying that they ought to render an account of their conduct in not picking up the shipwrecked. For as proof that the generals fastened the responsibility upon no person apart from themselves, Theramenes showed a letter which they had sent to the Senate and to the Assembly, in which they put the blame upon nothing but the storm. [5] After this the several generals spoke in their own defence (though briefly, for they were not granted the hearing prescribed by the law) and stated what they had done, saying that they themselves undertook to sail against the enemy and that they assigned the duty of recovering the shipwrecked to certain of the captains who were competent men and had been generals in the past,—Theramenes, Thrasybulus, and others of that sort; [6] and if they had to blame a… @grc
Perseus URI: 7. οἱ δ᾽ ἐν οἴκῳ τούτους μὲν τοὺς στρατηγοὺς ἔπαυσαν πλὴν Κόνωνος: πρὸς δὲ τούτῳ εἵλοντο Ἀδείμαντον καὶ τρίτον Φιλοκλέα. [2] τῶν δὲ ναυμαχησάντων στρατηγῶν Πρωτόμαχος μὲν καὶ Ἀριστογένης οὐκ ἀπῆλθον εἰς Ἀθήνας, τῶν δὲ ἓξ καταπλευσάντων, Περικλέους καὶ Διομέδοντος καὶ Λυσίου καὶ Ἀριστοκράτους καὶ Θρασύλλου καὶ Ἐρασινίδου, Ἀρχέδημος ὁ τοῦ δήμου τότε προεστηκὼς ἐν Ἀθήναις καὶ τῆς διωβελίας ἐπιμελόμενος Ἐρασινίδῃ ἐπιβολὴν ἐπιβαλὼν κατηγόρει ἐν δικαστηρίῳ, φάσκων ἐξ Ἑλλησπόντου αὐτὸν ἔχειν χρήματα ὄντα τοῦ δήμου: κατηγόρει δὲ καὶ περὶ τῆς στρατηγίας. καὶ ἔδοξε τῷ δικαστηρίῳ δῆσαι τὸν Ἐρασινίδην. [3] μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐν τῇ βουλῇ διηγοῦντο οἱ στρατηγοὶ περί τε τῆς ναυμαχίας καὶ τοῦ μεγέθους τοῦ χειμῶνος. Τιμοκράτους δ᾽ εἰπόντος ὅτι καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους χρὴ δεθέντας εἰς τὸν δῆμον παραδοθῆναι, ἡ βουλὴ ἔδησε. [4] μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐκκλησία ἐγένετο, ἐν ᾗ τῶν στρατηγῶν κατηγόρουν ἄλλοι τε καὶ Θηραμένης μάλιστα, δικαίους εἶναι λόγον ὑποσχεῖν διότι οὐκ ἀνείλοντο τοὺς ναυαγούς. ὅτι μὲν γὰρ οὐδενὸς ἄλλου καθήπτοντο, ἐπιστολὴν ἐπεδείκνυε μαρτύριον ἣν ἔπεμψαν οἱ στρατηγοὶ εἰς τὴν βουλὴν καὶ εἰς τὸν δῆμον, ἄλλο οὐδὲν αἰτιώμενοι ἢ τὸν χειμῶνα. [5] μετὰ ταῦτα δὲ οἱ στρατηγοὶ βραχέως ἕκαστος ἀπελογήσατο （οὐ γὰρ προυτέθη σφίσι λόγος κατὰ τὸν νόμον）, καὶ τὰ πεπραγμένα διηγοῦντο, ὅτι αὐτοὶ μὲν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους πλέοιεν, τὴν δὲ ἀναίρεσιν τῶν ναυαγῶν προστάξαιεν τῶν τριηράρχων ἀνδράσιν ἱκανοῖς καὶ ἐστρατηγηκόσιν ἤδη, Θηραμένει καὶ Θρασυβούλῳ καὶ ἄλλοις τοιούτοις: [6] καὶ εἴπερ γέ τινας δέοι, περὶ τῆς ἀναιρέσεως οὐδένα ἄλλον ἔχειν αὐτοὺς αἰτιάσασθαι ἢ τούτους οἷς προσετάχθη. καὶ οὐχ ὅτι γε κατηγοροῦσιν ἡμῶν, ἔφασαν, ψευσόμεθα φάσκοντες αὐτοὺς αἰτίους εἶναι, ἀλλὰ τὸ μέγεθος τοῦ χειμῶνος εἶναι τὸ κωλῦσαν τὴν ἀναίρεσιν. τούτων δὲ μάρτυρας παρείχοντο τοὺς κυβερνήτας καὶ ἄλλους τῶν συμπλεόντων πολλούς. τοιαῦτα λέγοντες ἔπειθον τὸν δῆμον: [7] ἐβούλοντο δὲ πολλοὶ τῶν ἰδιωτῶν ἐγγυᾶσθαι ἀνιστάμενοι: ἔδοξε δὲ ἀναβαλέσθαι εἰς ἑτέραν ἐκκλησίαν （τότε γὰρ ὀψὲ ἦν καὶ τὰς χεῖρας οὐκ ἂν καθεώρων）, τὴν δὲ βουλὴν προβουλεύ… @grc
Perseus URI: δημηγορία του Ευρυπτολέμου κατά τη δίκη των στρατηγών στις Αργινούσες @el
label: δημηγορία του Ευρυπτόλεμου κατά τη δίκη των στρατηγών μετά τη ναυμαχία στις Αργινούσσες @el

Athenian hegemony
type: NamedIndividual
type: hegemony
agent: Athenians
location: Greece
label: Αθηναϊκή ηγεμονία @el

Spartan hegemony
type: NamedIndividual
type: hegemony
agent: Spartans
location: Greece
label: Σπαρτιατική ηγεμονία @el

Theban hegemony
type: NamedIndividual
type: hegemony
agent: Thebans
location: Greece
begin date: -371
end date: -346
label: Θηβαϊκή ηγεμονία @el

evt-insurrection-Corinthians vs Epidamians 435 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: insurrection
location: loc-Epidamnus
begin date: -435
end date: -435
Perseus reference: All these grievances made Corinth eager to send the promised aid to Epidamnus. Advertisement was made for volunteer settlers, and a force of Ambraciots, Leucadians, and Corinthians was despatched. Thuc. 1.26.1 Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1. Thucydides. Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:1.26.1
Perseus reference: Κερκυραῖοι δὲ ἐπειδὴ ᾔσθοντο τούς τε οἰκήτορας καὶ φρουροὺς ἥκοντας ἐς τὴν Ἐπίδαμνον τήν τε ἀποικίαν Κορινθίοις δεδομένην, ἐχαλέπαινον: καὶ πλεύσαντες εὐθὺς πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι ναυσὶ καὶ ὕστερον ἑτέρῳ στόλῳ τούς τε φεύγοντας ἐκέλευον κατ᾽ ἐπήρειαν δέχεσθαι αὐτούς （ἦλθον γὰρ ἐς τὴν Κέρκυραν οἱ τῶν Ἐπιδαμνίων φυγάδες, τάφους τε ἀποδεικνύντες καὶ ξυγγένειαν, ἣν προϊσχόμενοι ἐδέοντο σφᾶς κατάγειν） τούς τε φρουροὺς οὓς Κορίνθιοι ἔπεμψαν καὶ τοὺς οἰκήτορας ἀποπέμπειν. Thuc. 1.26.3 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.26.3 @grc

inundation in Euboean and Malian gulfs in 426 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: inundation
caused by: tsunami in Euboean and Malian Gulfs in 436 BC
linked event: tsunami in Euboean and Malian Gulfs in 436 BC
location: Opous
location: Malian gulf
begin date: -426
end date: -426
Perseus URI: 89. In the ensuing summer the Peloponnesians and their allies, under the command of Agis the1 son of Archidamus, the Lacedaemonian king, came as far as the2 isthmus. They intended to invade Attica, but were deterred from proceeding by numerous earthquakes3, and no invasion took place in this year. [2] About the time when these earthquakes prevailed, the sea at Orobiae in Euboea, retiring from what was then the line of coast and rising in a great wave, overflowed a part of the city; and although it subsided in some places, yet in others the inundation was permanent, and that which was formerly land is now sea. All the people who could not escape to the high ground perished. [3] A similar inundation occurred in the neighbourhood of Atalantè, an island on the coast of the Opuntian Locri, which carried away a part of the Athenian fort4, and dashed in pieces one of two ships which were drawn up on the beach. [4] At Peparethus also the sea retired, but no inundation followed; an earthquake, however, overthrew a part of the wall, the Prytaneum, and a few houses. [5] I conceive that, where the force of the earthquake was greatest, the sea was driven back, and the suddenness of the recoil made the inundation more violent; and I am of opinion that this was the cause of the phenomenon, which would never have taken place if there had been no earthquake. 1 B.C. 426. 2 The earthquakes conceived by Thucydides to have been the cause of the great ebb and flow of the sea at Orobiae in Euboea, and at Atalantè 3 Cp. ch. 87. 4 Cp. 2.32. Thuc. 3.89 Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1. Thucydides. Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng2:3.89
Perseus URI: 89. τοῦ δ᾽ ἐπιγιγνομένου θέρους Πελοποννήσιοι καὶ οἱ ξύμμαχοι μέχρι μὲν τοῦ Ἰσθμοῦ ἦλθον ὡς ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἐσβαλοῦντες, Ἄγιδος τοῦ Ἀρχιδάμου ἡγουμένου Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλέως, σεισμῶν δὲ γενομένων πολλῶν ἀπετράποντο πάλιν καὶ οὐκ ἐγένετο ἐσβολή. [2] καὶ περὶ τούτους τοὺς χρόνους, τῶν σεισμῶν κατεχόντων, τῆς Εὐβοίας ἐν Ὀροβίαις ἡ θάλασσα ἐπανελθοῦσα ἀπὸ τῆς τότε οὔσης γῆς καὶ κυματωθεῖσα ἐπῆλθε τῆς πόλεως μέρος τι, καὶ τὸ μὲν κατέκλυσε,τὸ δ᾽ ὑπενόστησε, καὶ θάλασσα νῦν ἐστὶ πρότερον οὖσα γῆ: καὶ ἀνθρώπους διέφθειρεν ὅσοι μὴ ἐδύναντο φθῆναι πρὸς τὰ μετέωρα ἀναδραμόντες. [3] καὶ περὶ Ἀταλάντην τὴν ἐπὶ Λοκροῖς τοῖς Ὀπουντίοις νῆσον παραπλησία γίγνεται ἐπίκλυσις, καὶ τοῦ τε φρουρίου τῶν Ἀθηναίων παρεῖλε καὶ δύο νεῶν ἀνειλκυσμένων τὴν ἑτέραν κατέαξεν. [4] ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ ἐν Πεπαρήθῳ κύματος ἐπαναχώρησίς τις, οὐ μέντοι ἐπέκλυσέ γε: καὶ σεισμὸς τοῦ τείχους τι κατέβαλε καὶ τὸ πρυτανεῖον καὶ ἄλλας οἰκίας ὀλίγας. [5] αἴτιον δ᾽ ἔγωγε νομίζω τοῦ τοιούτου, ᾗ ἰσχυρότατος ὁ σεισμὸς ἐγένετο, κατὰ τοῦτο ἀποστέλλειν τε τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ἐξαπίνης πάλιν ἐπισπωμένην βιαιότερον τὴν ἐπίκλυσιν ποιεῖν: ἄνευ δὲ σεισμοῦ οὐκ ἄν μοι δοκεῖ τὸ τοιοῦτο ξυμβῆναι γενέσθαι. Thuc. 3.89 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:3.89 @grc
label: πλημμύρα στον Ευβοϊκό και Μαλιακό κόλπο το 426 π.Χ. @el

Spartan invasion in Attica in 430 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: invasion
agent: Athenians
agent: Spartans
is sub event of: evt-Archidamian war
is sub event of: Πελοποννησιακός πόλεμος
location: Athens
begin date: -430
end date: -430
label: Σπαρτιατική εισβολή στην Αττική το 430 π.Χ. @el

evt-king Sparta 380 371 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Cleombrotus I
function: general
function: king
location: Laconia
begin date: -380
end date: -371

evt-king Sparta 427-400 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Agis II
function: king
location: Laconia
begin date: -427
end date: -400

King of Sparta from 458 to 409 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Pleistoanax
function: king
begin date: -458
end date: -409

evt-murder of Philip II of Macedon
type: NamedIndividual
type: murder
agent: Arrhabaeus
agent: agt-Heromenes
agent: Philip II of Macedon
Perseus reference: ἔτι δὲ αὐτῷ περὶ τὴν Φασηλίδα ὄντι ἐξαγγέλλεται Ἀλέξανδρον τὸν Ἀερόπου ἐπιβο9υλεύειν, τά τε ἄλλα τῶν ἑταίρων ὄντα καὶ ἐν τῷ τότε Θεσσαλῶν τῆς ἵππου ἄρχοντα. ἦν μὲν δὴ ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος οὗτος ἀδελφὸς Ἡρομένους τε καὶ Ἀρραβαίου τῶν ξυνεπιλαβόντων τῆς σφαγῆς τῆς Φιλίππου: Arr. An. 1.25.1 Flavii Arriani Anabasis Alexandri. Arrian. A.G. Roos. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1907. Keyboarding. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.25.1 @grc

naval commander at the naval battle of Arginussae in 406 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Aristocrates
agent: Aristogenes
agent: Callicratidas
agent: Conon
agent: Diomedon
agent: Erasinides
agent: Lysias
agent: Pericles the Younger
agent: Protomachus
agent: Thrasyllus
function: naval commander
function: trierarch
begin date: -406
end date: -406

ostracism of Aristides, the Athenian general
type: NamedIndividual
type: ostracism
agent: Aristides
location: Athens
Perseus URI: 7. τῷ δ᾽ οὖν Ἀριστείδῃ συνέβη τὸ πρῶτον ἀγαπωμένῳ διὰ τὴν ἐπωνυμίαν ὕστερον φθονεῖσθαι, μάλιστα μὲν τοῦ Θεμιστοκλέους λόγον εἰς τοὺς πολλοὺς διαδιδόντος, ὡς Ἀριστείδης ἀνῃρηκὼς τὰ δικαστήρια τῷ κρίνειν ἅπαντα καὶ δικάζειν, λέληθε μοναρχίαν ἀδορυφόρητον ἑαυτῷ κατεσκευασμένος: ἤδη δέ που καὶ ὁ δῆμος ἐπὶ τῇ νίκῃ μέγα φρονῶν καὶ τῶν μεγίστων ἀξιῶν αὑτὸν ἤχθετο τοῖς ὄνομα καὶ δόξαν ὑπὲρ τοὺς πολλοὺς ἔχουσι. [2] καὶ συνελθόντες εἰς ἄστυ πανταχόθεν ἐξοστρακίζουσι τὸν Ἀριστείδην, ὄνομα τῷ φθόνῳ τῆς δόξης φόβον τυραννίδος θέμενοι. μοχθηρίας γὰρ οὐκ ἦν κόλασις ὁ ἐξοστρακισμός, ἀλλ᾽ ἐκαλεῖτο μὲν δι᾽ εὐπρέπειαν ὄγκου καὶ δυνάμεως βαρυτέρας ταπείνωσις καὶ κόλουσις, ἦν δὲ φθόνου παραμυθία φιλάνθρωπος, εἰς ἀνήκεστον οὐδέν, ἀλλ᾽ εἰς μετάστασιν ἐτῶν δέκα τὴν πρὸς τὸ λυποῦν ἀπερειδομένου δυσμένειαν. [3] ἐπεὶ δ᾽ ἤρξαντό τινες ἀνθρώπους ἀγεννεῖς καὶ πονηροὺς ὑποβάλλειν τῷ πράγματι, τελευταῖον ἁπάντων Ὑπέρβολον ἐξοστρακίσαντες ἐπαύσαντο. λέγεται δὲ τὸν Ὑπέρβολον ἐξοστρακισθῆναι διὰ τοιαύτην αἰτίαν. Ἀλκιβιάδης καὶ Νικίας μέγιστον ἐν τῇ πόλει δυνάμενοι διεστασίαζον. ὡς οὖν ὁ δῆμος ἔμελλε φέρειν τὸ ὄστρακον καὶ δῆλος ἦν τὸν ἕτερον γράψων, διαλεχθέντες ἀλλήλοις καὶ τὰς στάσεις ἑκατέρας εἰς ταὐτὸ συναγαγόντες τὸν Ὑπέρβολον ἐξοστρακισθῆναι παρεσκεύασαν. [4] ἐκ δὲ τούτου δυσχεράνας ὁ δῆμος ὡς καθυβρισμένον τὸ πρᾶγμα καὶ προπεπηλακισμένον ἀφῆκε παντελῶς καὶ κατέλυσεν. ἦν δὲ τοιοῦτον, ὡς τύπῳ φράσαι, τὸ γινόμενον. ὄστρακον λαβὼν ἕκαστος καὶ γράψας ὃν ἐβούλετο μεταστῆσαι τῶν πολιτῶν, ἔφερεν εἰς ἕνα τόπον τῆς ἀγορᾶς περιπεφραγμένον ἐν κύκλῳ δρυφάκτοις. [5] οἱ δ᾽ ἄρχοντες πρῶτον μὲν διηρίθμουν τὸ σύμπαν ἐν ταὐτῷ τῶν ὀστράκων πλῆθος: εἰ γὰρ ἑξακισχιλίων ἐλάττονες οἱ φέροντες εἶεν, ἀτελὴς ἦν ὁ ἐξοστρακισμός: ἔπειτα τῶν ὀνομάτων ἕκαστον ἰδίᾳ θέντες τὸν ὑπὸ τῶν πλείστων γεγραμμένον ἐξεκήρυττον εἰς ἔτη δέκα, καρπούμενον τὰ αὑτοῦ. γραφομένων οὖν τότε τῶν ὀστράκων λέγεταί τινα τῶν ἀγραμμάτων καὶ παντελῶς ἀγροίκων ἀναδόντα τῷ Ἀριστείδῃ τὸ ὄστρακον ὡς ἑνὶ τῶν τυχόντων παρακαλεῖν, ὅπως Ἀριστείδην ἐγγράψειε. … @grc
Perseus URI: 7. Now, to resume, it befell Aristides to be loved at first because of this surname, but afterwards to be jealously hated, especially when Themistocles set the story going among the multitude that Aristides had done away with the public courts of justice by his determining and judging everything in private, and that, without any one perceiving it, he had established for himself a monarchy, saving only the armed body-guard. And besides, the people too must by this time have become greatly elated over their victory; they thought nothing too good for themselves, and were therefore vexed with those who towered above the multitude in name and reputation. [2] So they assembled in the city from all the country round, and ostracized Aristides, giving to their envious dislike of his reputation the name of fear of tyranny. Now the sentence of ostracism was not a chastisement of base practices, nay, it was speciously called a humbling and docking of oppressive prestige and power; but it was really a merciful exorcism of the spirit of jealous hate, which thus vented its malignant desire to injure, not in some irreparable evil, but in a mere change of residence for ten years. [3] And when ignoble men of the baser sort came to be subjected to this penalty, it ceased to be inflicted at all, and Hyperbolus was the last to be thus ostracized.1 It is said that Hyperbolus was ostracized for the following reason. Alcibiades and Nicias had the greatest power in the state, and were at odds. Accordingly, when the people were about to exercise the ostracism, and were clearly going to vote against one or the other of these two men, they came to terms with one another, united their opposing factions, and effected the ostracism of Hyperbolus. [4] The people were incensed at this for they felt that the institution had been insulted and abused, and so they abandoned it utterly and put an end to it. The method of procedure—to give a general outline—was as follows. Each voter took an ostrakon, or…
label: οστρακισμός του Αριστείδη, Αθηναίου στρατηγού @el

evt-piratical attack 182 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: piratical attack
agent: pirates
location: Gibraltar
begin date: -182
end date: -182
Perseus URI: At that time they had also laid hold of the sea with piratical craft, and were robbing and destroying merchandise, sailing out as far as the pillars of Hercules. Accordingly, when Aemilius came against them, they withstood him with a force of forty thousand men; but he, with eight thousand men all told, engaged their fivefold numbers, and after routing them and shutting them up in their walled towns, gave them humane and conciliatory terms; for it was not the wish of the Romans to extirpate altogether the Ligurian nation, since it lay like a barrier or bulwark against the movements of the Gauls, who were always threatening to descend upon Italy. Plut. Aem. 6.2 Plut. Aem. 6.2 Plutarch. Plutarch's Lives. with an English Translation by. Bernadotte Perrin. Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press. London. William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg019.perseus-eng1:6.2
Perseus URI: τότε δὲ καί τῆς θαλάττης ἁψάμενοι σκάφεσι πειρατικοῖς ἀφῃροῦντο καί περιέκοπτον τάς ἐμπορίας, ἄχρι στηλῶν Ἡρακλείων ἀναπλέοντες, ἐπιόντος οὖν τοῦ Αἰμιλίου τετρακισμύριοι γενόμενοι τὸ πλῆθος ὑπέστησαν ὁ δὲ τοὺς σύμπαντας ὀκτακισχιλίους ἔχων πενταπλασίοις οὖσιν αὐτοῖς συνέβαλε, καί τρεψάμενος καί κατακλείσας εἰς τὰ τείχη διέδωκε λόγον φιλάνθρωπον καί συμβατικόν οὐ γὰρ ἦν βουλομένοις τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις παντάπασιν ἐκκόψαι τὸ Λιγύων ἔθνος, ὥσπερ ἕρκος ἢ πρόβολον ἐμποδὼν κείμενον τοῖς Γαλατικοῖς κινήμασιν ἐπαιωρουμένοις ἀεὶ περὶ τὴν Ἰταλίαν. Plut. Aem. 6.2 Plut. Aem. 6.2 Plutarch. Plutarch's Lives. with an English Translation by. Bernadotte Perrin. Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press. London. William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0007.tlg019.perseus-grc1:6.2 @grc

Socrates epistates of prytans
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Socrates
function: prytan
location: Athens
begin date: -406
end date: -406
comment: Socrates served as epistates of prytans in 406 BC. He held public office for the only time in his life.
label: Σωκράτης επιστάτης των πρυτάνεων @el

evt-revolt helots Ithome 464 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: revolt
agent: Messenians
agent: Spartans
location: Ithome
begin date: -464
end date: -455
Perseus URI: 101. Meanwhile the Thasians being defeated in the field and suffering siege, appealed to Lacedaemon, and desired her to assist them by an invasion of Attica. [2] Without informing Athens she promised and intended to do so, but was prevented by the occurrence of the earthquake, accompanied by the secession of the Helots and the Thuriats and Aethaeans of the Perioeci to Ithome. Most of the Helots were the descendants of the old Messenians that were enslaved in the famous war; and so all of them came to be called Messenians. [3] So the Lacedaemonians being engaged in a war with the rebels in Ithome, the Thasians in the third year of the siege obtained terms from the Athenians by razing their walls, delivering up their ships, and arranging to pay the monies demanded at once, and tribute in future; giving up their possessions on the continent together with the mine. Thuc. 1.101 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. Thuc. 1.101 https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D101
Perseus URI: 101. Θάσιοι δὲ νικηθέντες μάχῃ καὶ πολιορκούμενοι Λακεδαιμονίους ἐπεκαλοῦντο καὶ ἐπαμύνειν ἐκέλευον ἐσβαλόντας ἐς τὴν Ἀττικήν. [2] οἱ δὲ ὑπέσχοντο μὲν κρύφα τῶν Ἀθηναίων καὶ ἔμελλον, διεκωλύθησαν δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ γενομένου σεισμοῦ, ἐν ᾧ καὶ οἱ Εἵλωτες αὐτοῖς καὶ τῶν περιοίκων Θουριᾶταί τε καὶ Αἰθαιῆς ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀπέστησαν. πλεῖστοι δὲ τῶν Εἱλώτων ἐγένοντο οἱ τῶν παλαιῶν Μεσσηνίων τότε δουλωθέντων ἀπόγονοι: ᾗ καὶ Μεσσήνιοι ἐκλήθησαν οἱ πάντες. [3] πρὸς μὲν οὖν τοὺς ἐν Ἰθώμῃ πόλεμος καθειστήκει Λακεδαιμονίοις, Θάσιοι δὲ τρίτῳ ἔτει πολιορκούμενοι ὡμολόγησαν Ἀθηναίοις τεῖχός τε καθελόντες καὶ ναῦς παραδόντες, χρήματά τε ὅσα ἔδει ἀποδοῦναι αὐτίκα ταξάμενοι καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν φέρειν, τήν τε ἤπειρον καὶ τὸ μέταλλον ἀφέντες. Thuc. 1.101 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. Thuc. 1.101 https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0199%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D101 @grc

sack of Thebes in 335 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: sack
agent: Alexander III king of Macedon
agent: Thebans
location: Thebes
begin date: -335
end date: -335
Perseus URI: ἐν τούτῳ δὲ τῶν φυγάδων τινὲς τῶν ἐκ Θηβῶν φευγόντων παρελθόντες νύκτωρ ἐς τὰς Θήβας, ἐπαγαγομένων τινῶν αὐτοὺς ἐπὶ νεωτερισμῷ ἐκ τῆς πόλεως, Ἀμύνταν μὲν καὶ Τιμόλαον τῶν τὴν Καδμείαν ἐχόντων οὐδὲν ὑποτοπήσαντας πολέμιον ἔξω τῆς Καδμείας ἀπέκτειναν ξυλλαβόντες: [2] ἐς δὲ τὴν ἐκκλησίαν παρελθόντες ἐπῆραν τοὺς Θηβαίους ἀποστῆναι ἀπὸ Ἀλεξάνδρου, ἐλευθερίαν τε προϊσχόμενοι, παλαιὰ καὶ καλὰ ὀνόματα, καὶ τῆς βαρύτητος τῶν Μακεδόνων ἤδη ποτὲ ἀπαλλαγῆναι. πιθανώτεροι δὲ ἐς τὸ πλῆθος ἐφαίνοντο [p. 14] τεθνηκέναι Ἀλέξανδρον ἰσχυριζόμενοι ἐν Ἰλλυριοῖς: [3] καὶ γὰρ καὶ πολὺς ὁ λόγος οὗτος καὶ παρὰ πολλῶν ἐφοίτα, ὅτι τε χρόνον ἀπῆν οὐκ ὀλίγον καὶ ὅτι οὐδεμία ἀγγελία παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἀφῖκτο, ὥστε, ὅπερ φιλεῖ ἐν τοῖς τοιοῖσδε, οὐ γιγνώσκοντες τὰ ὄντα τὰ μάλιστα καθ᾽ ἡδονήν σφισιν εἴκαζον. [4] πυθομένῳ δὲ Ἀλεξάνδρῳ τὰ τῶν Θηβαίων οὐδαμῶς ἐδόκει ἀμελητέα εἶναι, τήν τε τῶν Ἀθηναίων πόλιν δἰ ὑποψίας ἐκ πολλοῦ ἔχοντι καὶ τῶν Θηβαίων τὸ τόλμημα οὐ φαῦλον ποιουμένῳ, εἰ Λακεδαιμόνιοί τε πάλαι ἤδη ταῖς γνώμαις ἀφεστηκότες καὶ τινες καὶ ἄλλοι τῶν ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ καὶ Αἰτωλοὶ οὐ βέβαιοι ὄντες συνεπιλήψονται τοῦ νεωτερισμοῦ τοῖς Θηβαίοις. [5] ἄγων δὴ παρὰ τὴν Ἐορδαίαν τε καὶ τὴν Ἐλιμιῶτιν καὶ παρὰ τὰ τῆς Στυμφαίας καὶ Παραυαίας ἄκρα ἑβδομαῖος ἀφικνεῖται ἐς Πέλινναν τῆς Θετταλίας. ἔνθεν δὲ ὁρμηθεὶς ἕκτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐσβάλλει ἐς τὴν Βοιωτίαν, ὥστε οὐ πρόσθεν οἱ Θηβαῖοι ἔμαθον εἴσω Πυλῶν παρεληλυθότα αὐτὸν πρὶν ἐν Ὀγχηστῷ γενέσθαι ξὺν τῇ στρατιᾷ πάσῃ. [6] καὶ τότε δὲ οἱ πράξαντες τὴν ἀπόστασιν στράτευμα ἐκ Μακεδονίας Ἀντιπάτρου ἀφῖχθαι ἔφασκον, αὐτὸν δὲ Ἀλέξανδρον τεθνάναι ἰσχυρίζοντο, καὶ τοῖς ἀπαγγέλλουσιν ὅτι οὗτος αὐτὸς προσάγει Ἀλέξανδρος χαλεπῶς εἶχον: ἄλλον γάρ τινα ἥκειν Ἀλέξανδρον τὸν Ἀερόπου. [7] ὁ δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος ἐξ Ὀγχηστοῦ ἄρας τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ προσῆγε πρὸς τὴν πόλιν τῶν Θηβαίων κατὰ τὸ τοῦ Ιολάου τέμενος: οὗ δὴ καὶ ἐστρατοπέδευσεν, ἐνδιδοὺς ἔτι τοῖς Θηβαίοις τριβήν, εἰ μεταγνόντες ἐπὶ τοῖς κακῶς ἐγνωσμένοις πρεσβεύσαιντο παρ᾽ αὐτόν. [8] οἱ δὲ τοσούτου ἐδέησαν ἐνδόσιμόν τι παρασχεῖν ἐς ξύμβασιν, [p. 15] … @grc
label: άλωση της Θήβας το 335 π.Χ. @el

secession of Andros in 407 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: secession
agent: Andrians
caused by: dispatch of Athenian troops to Argos in 407 BC
consequence: dispatch of Athenian troops to Argos in 407 BC
location: Andros
begin date: -407
end date: -407
label: αποστασία της Άνδρου το 407 π.Χ. @el

evt-sedition-at-Mallus-before-Issus
type: NamedIndividual
type: sedition
agent: Alexander III king of Macedon
agent: Malliotes
location: Mallos
starts before the start of: evt-battle Issus
begin date: -333
end date: -333
Perseus reference: ἔνθεν δὲ ἐς Μαλλὸν ἀφίκετο καὶ Ἀμφιλόχῳ ὅσα ἥρωι ἐνήγισε: καὶ στασιάζοντας καταλαβὼν τὴν στάσιν αὐτοῖς κατέπαυσε: καὶ τοὺς φόρους, οὓς βασιλεῖ Δαρείῳ ἀπέφερον, ἀνῆκεν, ὅτι Ἀργείων μὲν Μαλλωταὶ ἄποικοι ἦσαν, αὐτὸς δὲ ἀπ᾽ Ἄργους τῶν Ἡρακλειδῶν εἶναι ἠξίου. Arr. An. 2.5.9-Flavii Arriani Anabasis Alexandri. Arrian. A.G. Roos. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1907 http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:2.5.9 @grc
comment: Thence he marched to Mallus, where he rendered to Amphilochus the sacrificial honours due to a hero. He also arrested those who were creating a sedition among the citizens, and thus put a stop to it. He remitted the tribute which they were paying to King Darius, because the Malliotes were a colony of the Argives, and he himself claimed to have sprung from Argos, being a descendant of Heracles. CHAPTER V. 89 Project Gutenberg's The Anabasis of Alexander, by Arrian of Nicomedia-Translator: E. J. Chinnock https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46976/46976-h/46976-h.htm#Page_87
comment: ἔνθεν δὲ ἐς Μαλλὸν ἀφίκετο καὶ Ἀμφιλόχῳ ὅσα ἥρωι ἐνήγισε: καὶ στασιάζοντας καταλαβὼν τὴν στάσιν αὐτοῖς κατέπαυσε: καὶ τοὺς φόρους, οὓς βασιλεῖ Δαρείῳ ἀπέφερον, ἀνῆκεν, ὅτι Ἀργείων μὲν Μαλλωταὶ ἄποικοι ἦσαν, αὐτὸς δὲ ἀπ᾽ Ἄργους τῶν Ἡρακλειδῶν εἶναι ἠξίου. Arr. An. 2.5.9-Flavii Arriani Anabasis Alexandri. Arrian. A.G. Roos. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1907 http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:2.5.9 @grc

evt-siege-Ithome 464 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: siege
agent: Messenians
location: Ithome
begin date: -464
end date: -464
Perseus URI: 101. Meanwhile the Thasians being defeated in the field and suffering siege, appealed to Lacedaemon, and desired her to assist them by an invasion of Attica. [2] Without informing Athens she promised and intended to do so, but was prevented by the occurrence of the earthquake, accompanied by the secession of the Helots and the Thuriats and Aethaeans of the Perioeci to Ithome. Most of the Helots were the descendants of the old Messenians that were enslaved in the famous war; and so all of them came to be called Messenians. [3] So the Lacedaemonians being engaged in a war with the rebels in Ithome, the Thasians in the third year of the siege obtained terms from the Athenians by razing their walls, delivering up their ships, and arranging to pay the monies demanded at once, and tribute in future; giving up their possessions on the continent together with the mine. Thuc. 1.101 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. Thuc. 1.101
Perseus URI: 101. Θάσιοι δὲ νικηθέντες μάχῃ καὶ πολιορκούμενοι Λακεδαιμονίους ἐπεκαλοῦντο καὶ ἐπαμύνειν ἐκέλευον ἐσβαλόντας ἐς τὴν Ἀττικήν. [2] οἱ δὲ ὑπέσχοντο μὲν κρύφα τῶν Ἀθηναίων καὶ ἔμελλον, διεκωλύθησαν δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ γενομένου σεισμοῦ, ἐν ᾧ καὶ οἱ Εἵλωτες αὐτοῖς καὶ τῶν περιοίκων Θουριᾶταί τε καὶ Αἰθαιῆς ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀπέστησαν. πλεῖστοι δὲ τῶν Εἱλώτων ἐγένοντο οἱ τῶν παλαιῶν Μεσσηνίων τότε δουλωθέντων ἀπόγονοι: ᾗ καὶ Μεσσήνιοι ἐκλήθησαν οἱ πάντες. [3] πρὸς μὲν οὖν τοὺς ἐν Ἰθώμῃ πόλεμος καθειστήκει Λακεδαιμονίοις, Θάσιοι δὲ τρίτῳ ἔτει πολιορκούμενοι ὡμολόγησαν Ἀθηναίοις τεῖχός τε καθελόντες καὶ ναῦς παραδόντες, χρήματά τε ὅσα ἔδει ἀποδοῦναι αὐτίκα ταξάμενοι καὶ τὸ λοιπὸν φέρειν, τήν τε ἤπειρον καὶ τὸ μέταλλον ἀφέντες. Thuc. 1.101 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. Thuc. 1.101 https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0199%3Abook%3D1%3Achapter%3D101 @grc

evt-siege Mytilene
type: NamedIndividual
type: siege
agent: Athenians
agent: Eteonicus
agent: Spartans
location: Mytilene
sub event: evt-blockade Mytilene
Perseus LSJ URI: [35] ἔδοξε δὲ καὶ τοῖς τῶν Ἀθηναίων στρατηγοῖς ἑπτὰ μὲν καὶ τετταράκοντα ναυσὶ Θηραμένην τε καὶ Θρασύβουλον τριηράρχους ὄντας καὶ τῶν ταξιάρχων τινὰς πλεῖν ἐπὶ τὰς καταδεδυκυίας ναῦς καὶ τοὺς ἐπ᾽ αὐτῶν ἀνθρώπους, ταῖς δὲ ἄλλαις ἐπὶ τὰς μετ᾽ Ἐτεονίκου τῇ Μυτιλήνῃ ἐφορμούσας. ταῦτα δὲ βουλομένους ποιεῖν ἄνεμος καὶ χειμὼν διεκώλυσεν αὐτοὺς μέγας γενόμενος: τροπαῖον δὲ στήσαντες αὐτοῦ ηὐλίζοντο. Xen. Hell. 1.6.35 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968). http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.6.35 @grc

Alexander the Great's succession in 323 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: Succession Crisis
agent: Alexander III king of Macedon
agent: Diadochoi
location: Babylon
starts before or with the end of: Alexander the Greak, reign, 336-323 BC
Perseus URI: [3] ταῦτά τε ἀπαγγεῖλαι τοὺς ἑταίρους καὶ Ἀλέξανδρον οὐ πολὺ ὕστερον ἀποθανεῖν, ὡς τοῦτο ἄρα ἤδη ὂν τὸ ἄμεινον. οὐ πόρρω δὲ τούτων οὔτε Ἀριστοβούλῳ οὔτε Πτολεμαίῳ ἀναγέγραπται. οἱ δὲ καὶ τάδε ἀνέγραψαν, ἐρέσθαι μὲν τοὺς ἑταίρους αὐτὸν ὅτῳ τὴν βασιλείαν ἀπολείπει, τὸν δὲ ὑποκρίνασθαι ὅτι τῷ κρατίστῳ: οἱ δέ, προσθεῖναι πρὸς τούτῳ τῷ [p. 330] λόγῳ ὅτι μέγαν ἐπιτάφιον ἀγῶνα ὁρᾷ ἐφ αὑτῷ ἐσόμενον. Arr. An. 7.26.3 Flavii Arriani Anabasis Alexandri. Arrian. A.G. Roos. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1907. Keyboarding. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0074.tlg001.perseus-grc1:7.26.3 @grc
Perseus URI: ἐπ᾽ ἄρχοντος γὰρ Ἀθήνησι Κηφισοδώρου Ῥωμαῖοι μὲν κατέστησαν ὑπάτους Λεύκιον Φρούριον καὶ Δέκιον Ἰούνιον. ἐπὶ δὲ τούτων Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ βασιλέως τετελευτηκότος ἄπαιδος ἀναρχία καὶ πολλὴ στάσις ἐγένετο περὶ τῆς ἡγεμονίας. Diod. 18.2.1 Diodori Bibliotheca Historica, Vol 4-5. Diodorus Siculus. Immanel Bekker. Ludwig Dindorf. Friedrich Vogel. Kurt Theodor Fischer. in aedibus B. G. Teubneri. Leipzig. 1903-1906. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.perseus-grc2:18.2.1 @grc
label: Διαδοχή του Μ. Αλεξάνδρου το 323 π.Χ. @el

evt-third Messenian war 464 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
agent: Messenians
location: Ithome
location: Messenia
begin date: -464
end date: -459

treason and occupation of Eion by the Athenians
type: NamedIndividual
type: treason
agent: Athenians
agent: Bottiaeans
agent: Mendeans
agent: Simonides
location: Eion, Thrace
begin date: -425
Perseus URI: 7. About the same time the Athenian general Simonides getting together a few Athenians from the garrisons, and a number of the allies in those parts, took Eion in Thrace, a Mendaean colony and hostile to Athens, by treachery, but had no sooner done so than the Chalcidians and Bottiaeans came up and beat him out of it, with the loss of many of his soldiers. Thuc. 4.7 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:4.7
Perseus URI: 7. κατὰ δὲ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον Σιμωνίδης Ἀθηναίων στρατηγὸς Ἠιόνα τὴν ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης Μενδαίων ἀποικίαν, πολεμίαν δὲ οὖσαν, ξυλλέξας Ἀθηναίους τε ὀλίγους ἐκ τῶν φρουρίων καὶ τῶν ἐκείνῃ ξυμμάχων πλῆθος προδιδομένην κατέλαβεν. καὶ παραχρῆμα ἐπιβοηθησάντων Χαλκιδέων καὶ Βοττιαίων ἐξεκρούσθη τε καὶ ἀπέβαλε πολλοὺς τῶν στρατιωτῶν. Thuc. 4.7 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:4.7 @grc

trial of generals after the battle of Arginusae
type: NamedIndividual
type: Trial
agent: Aristocrates
agent: Diomedon
agent: Erasinides
agent: Lysias
agent: Pericles the Younger
agent: Socrates
agent: Thrasyllus
function: general
linked event: Arginoussai battle
location: Athens
begin date: -406
end date: -406
label: trial of navarchs after the battle of Arginusae
label: δίκη των ναυάρχων μετά τη ναυμαχία των Αργινουσσών @el
label: δίκη των στρατηγών μετά τη ναυμαχία των Αργινουσσών @el

truce at Amphipolis in 423 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: truce
agent: Athenians
agent: Brasidas
agent: Spartans
location: Amphipolis
begin date: -423
end date: -423
Perseus URI: 118. 1. As to the temple and oracle of the Pythian Apollo, we are agreed that whosoever will shall have access to it, without fraud or fear, according to the usages of his forefathers. [2] The Lacedaemonians and the allies present agree to this, and promise to send heralds to the Boeotians and Phocians, and to do their best to persuade them to agree likewise. [3] 2. As to the treasure of the god, we agree to exert ourselves to detect all malversators, truly and honestly following the customs of our forefathers, we and you and all others willing to do so, all following the customs of our forefathers. [4] As to these points the Lacedaemonians and the other allies are agreed as has been said. 3. As to what follows, the Lacedaemonians and the other allies agree, if the Athenians conclude a treaty, to remain, each of us in our own territory, retaining our respective acquisitions; the garrison in Coryphasium keeping within Buphras and Tomeus; that in Cythera attempting no communication with the Peloponnesian confederacy, neither we with them, or they with us; that in Nisaea and Minoa not crossing the road leading from the gates of the temple of Nisus to that of Poseidon and from thence straight to the bridge at Minoa; the Megarians and the allies being equally bound not to cross this road, and the Athenians retaining the island they have taken, without any communication on either side; as to Troezen, each side retaining what it has, and as was arranged with the Athenians. [5] 4. As to the use of the sea, so far as refers to their own coast and to that of their confederacy, that the Lacedaemonians and their allies may voyage upon it in any vessel rowed by oars and of not more than five hundred talents' tonnage, not a vessel of war. [6] 5. That all heralds and embassies, with as many attendants as they please, for concluding the war and adjusting claims, shall have free passage, going and coming, to Peloponnese or Athens by land and by sea. [7] 6. That during the truce, des…
Perseus URI: 118. ‘περὶ μὲν τοῦ ἱεροῦ καὶ τοῦ μαντείου τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Πυθίου δοκεῖ ἡμῖν χρῆσθαι τὸν βουλόμενον ἀδόλως καὶ ἀδεῶς κατὰ τοὺς πατρίους νόμους. [2] τοῖς μὲν Λακεδαιμονίοις ταῦτα δοκεῖ καὶ τοῖς ξυμμάχοις τοῖς παροῦσιν: Βοιωτοὺς δὲ καὶ Φωκέας πείσειν φασὶν ἐς δύναμιν προσκηρυκευόμενοι. [3] περὶ δὲ τῶν χρημάτων τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπιμέλεσθαι ὅπως τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας ἐξευρήσομεν, ὀρθῶς καὶ δικαίως τοῖς πατρίοις νόμοις χρώμενοι καὶ ὑμεῖς καὶ ἡμεῖς καὶ τῶν ἄλλων οἱ βουλόμενοι, τοῖς πατρίοις νόμοις χρώμενοι πάντες. [4] περὶ μὲν οὖν τούτων ἔδοξε Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ξυμμάχοις κατὰ ταῦτα: τάδε δὲ ἔδοξε Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ξυμμάχοις ἐὰν σπονδὰς ποιῶνται οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἐπὶ τῆς αὐτῶν μένειν ἑκατέρους ἔχοντας ἅπερ νῦν ἔχομεν, τοὺς μὲν ἐν τῷ Κορυφασίῳ ἐντὸς τῆς Βουφράδος καὶ τοῦ Τομέως μένοντας, τοὺς δὲ ἐν Κυθήροις μὴ ἐπιμισγομένους ἐς τὴν ξυμμαχίαν, μήτε ἡμᾶς πρὸς αὐτοὺς μήτε αὐτοὺς πρὸς ἡμᾶς, τοὺς δ᾽ ἐν Νισαίᾳ καὶ Μινῴᾳ μὴ ὑπερβαίνοντας τὴν ὁδὸν τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν πυλῶν τῶν παρὰ τοῦ Νίσου ἐπὶ τὸ Ποσειδώνιον, ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ Ποσειδωνίου εὐθὺς ἐπὶ τὴν γέφυραν τὴν ἐς Μινῴαν （μηδὲ Μεγαρέας καὶ τοὺς ξυμμάχους ὑπερβαίνειν τὴν ὁδὸν ταύτην） καὶ τὴν νῆσον, ἥνπερ ἔλαβον οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἔχοντας, μηδὲ ἐπιμισγομένους μηδετέρους μηδετέρωσε, καὶ τὰ ἐν Τροιζῆνι, ὅσαπερ νῦν ἔχουσι, καθ᾽ ἃ ξυνέθεντο πρὸς Ἀθηναίους: [5] καὶ τῇ θαλάσσῃ χρωμένους, ὅσα ἂν κατὰ τὴν ἑαυτῶν καὶ κατὰ τὴν ξυμμαχίαν, Λακεδαιμονίους καὶ τοὺς ξυμμάχους πλεῖν μὴ μακρᾷ νηί, ἄλλῳ δὲ κωπήρει πλοίῳ, ἐς πεντακόσια τάλαντα ἄγοντι μέτρα. [6] κήρυκι δὲ καὶ πρεσβείᾳ καὶ ἀκολούθοις, ὁπόσοις ἂν δοκῇ, περὶ καταλύσεως τοῦ πολέμου καὶ δικῶν ἐς Πελοπόννησον καὶ Ἀθήναζε σπονδὰς εἶναι ἰοῦσι καὶ ἀπιοῦσι καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλασσαν. [7] τοὺς δὲ αὐτομόλους μὴ δέχεσθαι ἐν τούτῳ τῷ χρόνῳ, μήτε ἐλεύθερον μήτε δοῦλον, μήτε ὑμᾶς μήτε ἡμᾶς. [8] δίκας τε διδόναι ὑμᾶς τε ἡμῖν καὶ ἡμᾶς ὑμῖν κατὰ τὰ πάτρια, τὰ ἀμφίλογα δίκῃ διαλύοντας ἄνευ πολέμου. [9] τοῖς μὲν Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ τοῖς ξυμμάχοις ταῦτα δοκεῖ: εἰ δέ τι ὑμῖν εἴτε κάλλιον εἴτε δικαιότερον τούτω… @grc
label: εκεχειρία στην Αμφίπολη το 423 π.Χ. @el

evt-truce Athenians Delians 422 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: truce
agent: Athenians
agent: Delians
location: Delos
begin date: -422
end date: -421
Perseus reference: The next summer the truce for a year ended, after lasting until the Pythian games. During the armistice the Athenians expelled the Delians from Delos, concluding that they must have been polluted by some old offense at the time of their consecration, and that this had been the omission in the previous purification of the island, which as I have related, had been thought to have been duly accomplished by the removal of the graves of the dead. The Delians had Atramyttium in Asia given them by Pharnaces, and settled there as they removed from Delos. Thuc. 5.1.1 Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:5.1.1
Perseus reference: τοῦ δ᾽ ἐπιγιγνομένου θέρους αἱ μὲν ἐνιαύσιοι σπονδαὶ διελέλυντο μέχρι Πυθίων, καὶ ἐν τῇ ἐκεχειρίᾳ Ἀθηναῖοι Δηλίους ἀνέστησαν ἐκ Δήλου, ἡγησάμενοι κατὰ παλαιάν τινα αἰτίαν οὐ καθαροὺς ὄντας ἱερῶσθαι, καὶ ἅμα ἐλλιπὲς σφίσιν εἶναι τοῦτο τῆς καθάρσεως, ᾗ πρότερόν μοι δεδήλωται ὡς ἀνελόντες τὰς θήκας τῶν τεθνεώτων ὀρθῶς ἐνόμισαν ποιῆσαι. καὶ οἱ μὲν Δήλιοι Ἀτραμύττιον Φαρνάκου δόντος αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ ᾤκησαν, οὕτως ὡς ἕκαστος ὥρμητο. Thuc. 5.1.1 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.1.1 @grc

tsunami in Euboean and Malian Gulfs in 436 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: tidal wave
agent: tsunami
linked event: evt-earthquake Euboean Malian gulfs 426 BC
location: Euboean Gulf
location: Malian gulf
location: Orobiae
location: Peparethus
begin date: -426
end date: -426
Perseus URI: 89. In the ensuing summer the Peloponnesians and their allies, under the command of Agis the1 son of Archidamus, the Lacedaemonian king, came as far as the2 isthmus. They intended to invade Attica, but were deterred from proceeding by numerous earthquakes3, and no invasion took place in this year. [2] About the time when these earthquakes prevailed, the sea at Orobiae in Euboea, retiring from what was then the line of coast and rising in a great wave, overflowed a part of the city; and although it subsided in some places, yet in others the inundation was permanent, and that which was formerly land is now sea. All the people who could not escape to the high ground perished. [3] A similar inundation occurred in the neighbourhood of Atalantè, an island on the coast of the Opuntian Locri, which carried away a part of the Athenian fort4, and dashed in pieces one of two ships which were drawn up on the beach. [4] At Peparethus also the sea retired, but no inundation followed; an earthquake, however, overthrew a part of the wall, the Prytaneum, and a few houses. [5] I conceive that, where the force of the earthquake was greatest, the sea was driven back, and the suddenness of the recoil made the inundation more violent; and I am of opinion that this was the cause of the phenomenon, which would never have taken place if there had been no earthquake. 1 B.C. 426. 2 The earthquakes conceived by Thucydides to have been the cause of the great ebb and flow of the sea at Orobiae in Euboea, and at Atalantè 3 Cp. ch. 87. 4 Cp. 2.32. Thuc. 3.89 Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1. Thucydides. Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng2:3.89
Perseus URI: 89. τοῦ δ᾽ ἐπιγιγνομένου θέρους Πελοποννήσιοι καὶ οἱ ξύμμαχοι μέχρι μὲν τοῦ Ἰσθμοῦ ἦλθον ὡς ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἐσβαλοῦντες, Ἄγιδος τοῦ Ἀρχιδάμου ἡγουμένου Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλέως, σεισμῶν δὲ γενομένων πολλῶν ἀπετράποντο πάλιν καὶ οὐκ ἐγένετο ἐσβολή. [2] καὶ περὶ τούτους τοὺς χρόνους, τῶν σεισμῶν κατεχόντων, τῆς Εὐβοίας ἐν Ὀροβίαις ἡ θάλασσα ἐπανελθοῦσα ἀπὸ τῆς τότε οὔσης γῆς καὶ κυματωθεῖσα ἐπῆλθε τῆς πόλεως μέρος τι, καὶ τὸ μὲν κατέκλυσε,τὸ δ᾽ ὑπενόστησε, καὶ θάλασσα νῦν ἐστὶ πρότερον οὖσα γῆ: καὶ ἀνθρώπους διέφθειρεν ὅσοι μὴ ἐδύναντο φθῆναι πρὸς τὰ μετέωρα ἀναδραμόντες. [3] καὶ περὶ Ἀταλάντην τὴν ἐπὶ Λοκροῖς τοῖς Ὀπουντίοις νῆσον παραπλησία γίγνεται ἐπίκλυσις, καὶ τοῦ τε φρουρίου τῶν Ἀθηναίων παρεῖλε καὶ δύο νεῶν ἀνειλκυσμένων τὴν ἑτέραν κατέαξεν. [4] ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ ἐν Πεπαρήθῳ κύματος ἐπαναχώρησίς τις, οὐ μέντοι ἐπέκλυσέ γε: καὶ σεισμὸς τοῦ τείχους τι κατέβαλε καὶ τὸ πρυτανεῖον καὶ ἄλλας οἰκίας ὀλίγας. [5] αἴτιον δ᾽ ἔγωγε νομίζω τοῦ τοιούτου, ᾗ ἰσχυρότατος ὁ σεισμὸς ἐγένετο, κατὰ τοῦτο ἀποστέλλειν τε τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ ἐξαπίνης πάλιν ἐπισπωμένην βιαιότερον τὴν ἐπίκλυσιν ποιεῖν: ἄνευ δὲ σεισμοῦ οὐκ ἄν μοι δοκεῖ τὸ τοιοῦτο ξυμβῆναι γενέσθαι. Thuc. 3.89 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:3.89 @grc
label: τσουνάμι στον Ευβοϊκό και Μαλιακό κόλπο το 436 π.Χ. @el

Hipparchus tyrant of Athens in 514 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: performed function
agent: Hipparchos
function: tyrant
location: Athens
begin date: -514
end date: -514

evt-war Athens Corinth 435 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
location: Pallene
begin date: -435
end date: -435
Perseus reference: http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.56
Perseus reference: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text

evt-war declaration Corcyreans Epidamnians 435 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: war declaration
begin date: -435
end date: -434
Perseus URI: Turning a deaf ear to all these proposals, when their ships were manned and their allies had come in, the Corinthians sent a herald before them to declare war, and getting under weigh with seventy-five ships and two thousand heavy infantry, sailed for Epidamnus to give battle to the Corcyraeans. [2] The fleet was under the command of Aristeus, son of Pellichas Callicrates, son of Callias, and Timanor, son of Timanthes; the troops under that of Archetimus, son of Eurytimus, and Isarchidas, son of Isarchus. [3] When they had reached Actium in the territory of Anactorium, at the mouth of the gulf of Ambracia, where the temple of Apollo stands, the Corcyraeans sent on a herald in a light boat to warn them not to sail against them. Meanwhile they proceeded to man their ships, all of which had been equipped for action, the old vessels being undergirded to make them seaworthy. [4] On the return of the herald without any peaceful answer from the Corinthians, their ships being now manned, they put out to sea to meet the enemy with a fleet of eighty sail （forty were engaged in the siege of Epidamnus）, formed line and went into action,, [5] and gained a decisive victory and destroyed fifteen of the Corinthian vessels. The same day had seen Epidamnus compelled by its besiegers to capitulate; the conditions being that the foreigners should be sold, and the Corinthians kept as prisoners of war, till their fate should be otherwise decided. Thuc. 1.29 Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1. Thucydides. Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng3:1.29
Perseus URI: Κορίνθιοι δὲ οὐδὲν τούτων ὑπήκουον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπειδὴ πλήρεις αὐτοῖς ἦσαν αἱ νῆες καὶ οἱ ξύμμαχοι παρῆσαν, προπέμψαντες κήρυκα πρότερον πόλεμον προεροῦντα Κερκυραίοις, ἄραντες ἑβδομήκοντα ναυσὶ καὶ πέντε δισχιλίοις τε ὁπλίταις ἔπλεον ἐπὶ τὴν Ἐπίδαμνον Κερκυραίοις ἐναντία πολεμήσοντες: [2] ἐστρατήγει δὲ τῶν μὲν νεῶν Ἀριστεὺς ὁ Πελλίχου καὶ Καλλικράτης ὁ Καλλίου καὶ Τιμάνωρ ὁ Τιμάνθους, τοῦ δὲ πεζοῦ Ἀρχέτιμός τε ὁ Εὐρυτίμου καὶ Ἰσαρχίδας ὁ Ἰσάρχου. [3] ἐπειδὴ δ᾽ ἐγένοντο ἐν Ἀκτίῳ τῆς Ἀνακτορίας γῆς, οὗ τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστιν, ἐπὶ τῷ στόματι τοῦ Ἀμπρακικοῦ κόλπου, οἱ Κερκυραῖοι κήρυκά τε προύπεμψαν αὐτοῖς ἐν ἀκατίῳ ἀπεροῦντα μὴ πλεῖν ἐπὶ σφᾶς καὶ τὰς ναῦς ἅμα ἐπλήρουν, ζεύξαντές τε τὰς παλαιὰς ὥστε πλωίμους εἶναι καὶ τὰς ἄλλας ἐπισκευάσαντες. [4] ὡς δὲ ὁ κῆρύξ τε ἀπήγγειλεν οὐδὲν εἰρηναῖον παρὰ τῶν Κορινθίων καὶ αἱ νῆες αὐτοῖς ἐπεπλήρωντο οὖσαι ὀγδοήκοντα （τεσσαράκοντα γὰρ Ἐπίδαμνον ἐπολιόρκουν）, ἀνταναγαγόμενοι καὶ παραταξάμενοι ἐναυμάχησαν: [5] καὶ ἐνίκησαν οἱ Κερκυραῖοι παρὰ πολὺ καὶ ναῦς πέντε καὶ δέκα διέφθειραν τῶν Κορινθίων. τῇ δὲ αὐτῇ ἡμέρᾳ αὐτοῖς ξυνέβη καὶ τοὺς τὴν Ἐπίδαμνον πολιορκοῦντας παραστήσασθαι ὁμολογίᾳ ὥστε τοὺς μὲν ἐπήλυδας ἀποδόσθαι, Κορινθίους δὲ δήσαντας ἔχειν ἕως ἂν ἄλλο τι δόξῃ. Thuc. 1.29 Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc1:1.29 @grc

evt-war in the West in 191 BC
type: NamedIndividual
type: war
agent: Aemilius Paulus
agent: Twelve Lictors
location: Spain
begin date: -191
end date: -191

epistates
type: NamedIndividual
type: political function
label: επιστάτης @el
subclass of: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistates

eponymous archon
type: NamedIndividual
type: political function
comment: In ancient Greece the chief magistrate in various Greek city states was called eponymous archon (i.e., ruler that gave his name to yhe year). A means of dating.
label: επώνυμος άρχων @el
label: ἐπώνυμος ἄρχων @grc

general
type: NamedIndividual
type: military function
label: strategos
label: στρατηγός @el

king
type: NamedIndividual
type: political function
label: βασιλεύς @grc
label: βασιλιάς @el
subclass of: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basileus

legislator
type: NamedIndividual
type: political function
label: νομοθέτης @el

lictor
type: NamedIndividual
type: political function
label: λίκτωρ @el

naval commander
type: NamedIndividual
type: military function
label: navarch
preferred label: ναύαρχος @el

polemarch
type: NamedIndividual
type: military function
comment: one of the nine concurrent archons in Classical Athens, commander of the army @grc
label: πολέμαρχος @el

prytan
type: NamedIndividual
type: political function
label: πρύτανης @el
label: πρύτανις @grc
subclass of: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prytan

statesman
type: NamedIndividual
type: political function
label: πολιτικός @el
subclass of: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politician
subclass of: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statesman

trierarch
type: NamedIndividual
type: military function
label: τριήραρχος @el

tyrant
type: NamedIndividual
type: political function
label: τύραννος @el

Abydos
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 40.1951155, 26.409131
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501325
wikidata coordinates: 40°11'43"N, 26°24'18"E
comment: ancient city and bishopric in Mysia.[nb 1] It was located at the Nara Burnu promontory on the Asian coast of the Hellespont (the straits of Dardanelles), opposite the ancient city of Sestos, and near the city of Çanakkale in Turkey.
comment: αρχαία πόλη στη Μυσία. Βρισκόταν στην ασιατική ακτή του Ελλησπόντου (στενά των Δαρδανελίων), απέναντι από την αρχαία πόλη της Σέστου και κοντά στην πόλη Çanakkale (Τσανάκαλε) της Τουρκίας @el
label: Ἄβυδος @grc
alternative label: Abydus

Acanthus
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: location
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/606267
wikidata coordinates: 40°23'38.263"N, 23°53'9.539"E
wikidata coordinates: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181109
comment: city of ancient Macedonia. It was founded around the middle of the 7th century BC by Ionian colonists from Andros or Andros and Chalkida, at the same time as the foundation of three other known colonies in the area, Sani (in today's Nea Rhoda), Stagira and Argilos a little further north, the oldest Greek colony in the region of Strumon.
comment: πόλη της αρχαίας Μακεδονίας. Ιδρύθηκε γύρω στα μέσα του 7ου αιώνα π.χ. από Ίωνες αποίκους της Άνδρου ή της Άνδρου και της Χαλκίδας, συγχρόνως με την ίδρυση τριών άλλων γνωστών αποικιών στην περιοχή, της Σάνης (στα σημερινά Νέα Ρόδα), των Σταγείρων και της Αργίλου λίγο βορειότερα, της παλιότερης ελληνικής αποικίας στην περιοχή του Στρυμόνα. @el
label: https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82
label: Άκανθος @el
label: Ἄκανθος @grc

Achaemenid Empire
type: NamedIndividual
type: empire
type: location
comment: Aυτοκρατορία των Αχαιμενιδών @el
comment: ancient civilization that was based in modern day Iran around 600 BC
comment: αρχαίος πολιτισμός που είχε την έδρα του στο σημερινό Ιράν γύρω στο 600 π.Χ. @el
label: Persian Empire
label: Περσική Αυτοκρατορία

Aegospotami
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
type: rural area
wikidata coordinates: 40°21'51"N, 26°37'51"E
comment: (i.e. Goat Streams) is the ancient Greek name for a small river issuing into the Hellespont (Modern Turkish Çanakkale Boğazı), northeast of Sestos
label: Αιγός Ποταμοί @el
alternative label: (δηλ. κατσικόρρεμα) είναι η αρχαία ελληνική ονομασία ενός μικρού ποταμού που εκβάλλει στον Ελλήσποντο (σύγχρονη τουρκική ονομασία Çanakkale Boğazı), βορειοανατολικά της Σηστού @el
alternative label: Aigos Potamoi
alternative label: Aigos Potamos
preferred label: Aigospotami

Aetolia
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
type: rural area
pleiades coordinates: 38.46821195, 21.8349254
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/540591
wikidata coordinates: 38°37'0"N, 21°24'0"E
comment: a mountainous region of Greece on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth, forming the eastern part of the modern regional unit of Aetolia-Acarnania
comment: ορεινή περιοχή της Ελλάδας στη βόρεια ακτή του Κορινθιακού κόλπου, που αποτελεί το ανατολικό τμήμα της περιφερειακής ενότητας Αιτωλοακαρνανίας της σύγχρονης Ελλάδας @el
label: Αιτωλία @el

Aegae
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 40.482959, 22.319739
wikidata coordinates: 40°28'40.6769"N, 22°19'21.9346"E
comment: the site of ancient Aigai (Αἰγαί, Aigaí, Latinized: Aegae), the first capital of Macedon
label: Aigai
label: Vergina
label: http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/5004273
label: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/491512
label: https://topostext.org/place/405223PAig
label: https://www.getty.edu/vow/TGNFullDisplay
label: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16963755
label: Βεργίνα @el

Ambracia
type: NamedIndividual
type: city-state
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 39.1549245, 20.9900925
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/530794
wikidata coordinates: 39°9'29"N, 20°59'13"E
label: Αμβρακία @el
label: Ἀμβρακία @grc
alternative label: Ambrakia
alternative label: Ἀμπρακία @grc

Amphipolis
type: NamedIndividual
type: city-state
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 40.8258114808, 23.8415794323
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501347
wikidata coordinates: 40°49'25.583"N, 23°50'51.961"E
label: Αμφίπολη @el
label: Ἀμφίπολις @grc

Andros
type: NamedIndividual
type: city-state
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.8188329, 24.8323379
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/589692
comment: Ἄνδρος @grc
label: Άνδρος @el
label: Ἄνδρος @grc

Andros
type: NamedIndividual
type: island or island group
type: location
wikidata coordinates: 37°50'N, 24°56'E
comment: the northernmost island of the Greek Cyclades archipelago
comment: το βορειότερο νησί του ελληνικού αρχιπελάγους των Κυκλάδων @el
comment: Ἄνδρος @grc
label: Άνδρος @el
see also: Andros is the northernmost island of the Greek Cyclades archipelago, about 10 km (6 mi) southeast of Euboea, and about 3 km (2 mi) north of Tinos. In classical antiquity, the capital of Andros was prosperous proven by the sunken remains of an ancient agora (market) and the remains of the western part of the wall surrounding the capital. During the Persian Wars, Andros went under Persian domination until the naval Battle of Salamis (480 BC). Then it fell under Athenian domination, paying taxes and forced to send men to fight in the Peloponnesian War. After the war, Andros stayed under the dominance of Sparta, the winner of the war, and was liberated by the Athenians in 393 BC. Later on, the island participated and distinguished itself in the battle of Chaeroneia, in 338 BC.

Arginusae
type: NamedIndividual
type: island or island group
type: location
type: sea location
pleiades coordinates: 39.00699, 26.78548
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550449
wikidata coordinates: 38°57'N, 26°49'E
comment: ancient island group in the North Aegean sea, off the coast of Turkey, in ancient Aiolis
comment: αρχαίο νησιωτικό σύμπλεγμα στο Βόρειο Αιγαίο, στα ανοικτά των ακτών της Τουρκίας, στην αρχαία Αιολίδα @el
label: Αργινούσες @el
label: Ἀργινοῦσα @grc
alternative label: White Isles

Asia Minor
type: NamedIndividual
type: geo-political division
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.9096964167, 27.2786844167
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/837
wikidata coordinates: 39°N, 34°E
comment: a peninsula also called Anatolia (from the Ancient Greek: Ἀνατολή), (Turkish: Anadolu) comprising the Asian part of modern Turkey
comment: χερσόνησος επίσης γνωστή ως Ανατολία (από τα αρχαία ελληνικά: Ἀνατολή), (τουρκικά: Anadolu) και περιλαμβάνει το ασιατικό τμήμα της σύγχρονης Τουρκίας. @el
label: Μικρά Ασία @el

Atalante (Opuntii Locri)
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: location
label: Atalanti (Opuntii Locri)
label: Αταλάντη @el

Opous
type: NamedIndividual
type: island or island group
type: location
type: sea location
pleiades coordinates: 38.6735219929, 23.0953796371
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/540675
label: Atalante
label: Atalanti
label: Talandonisi
preferred label: https://www.getty.edu/vow/TGNFullDisplay

Athens
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: city-state
type: location
pleiades coordinates: http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7001393
wikidata coordinates: 37°59'3"N, 23°43'41"E
label: http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7001393
label: Αθήνα @el
label: Ἀθῆναι @grc

Babylon
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: location
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/912816
wikidata coordinates: 32°32'30.41"N, 44°25'53.92"E
comment: a thriving ancient centre on the Euphrates river, capital of the empire of Hammurabi by the 18th century BCE, taken by Assyria in 690 BC flourishing under Nebuchadnezzar in the 6th century BC, taken by Cyrus the Great in 538 BCE and by Alexander in 331 BC
label: Βαβυλώνα @el
see also: ακμάζον αρχαίο κέντρο στον ποταμό Ευφράτη, πρωτεύουσα της αυτοκρατορίας του Χαμουραμπί τον 18ο αιώνα π.Χ., καταλαμβάνεται από την Ασσυρία το 690 π.Χ., ακμάζει υπό τον Ναβουχοδονόσορα τον 6ο αιώνα π.Χ., καταλαμβάνεται από τον Κύρο τον Μέγα το 538 π.Χ. και από τον Αλέξανδρο το 331 π.Χ. @el

Cedreiae
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 36.993043, 28.2067955
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599566
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599702
comment: CE´DREAE (Κεδρεαί, Κεδρειαί: Eth. Κεδρεάτης. Κεδραῖος), a city of Caria, mentioned by Hecataeus. (Steph. s. v. Κεδρεαί.) Lysander took the place, it being in alliance with the Athenians. The inhabitants were μιχοβάρβαροι, a mixture of Greeks and barbarians, as we may suppose. It was on the Ceramicus gulf in Caria; but the site is unknown. (Xen. Hell. 2.1. 15) Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, illustrated by numerous engravings on wood. William Smith, LLD. London. Walton and Maberly, Upper Gower Street and Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row; John Murray, Albemarle Street. 1854. https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0064:entry=cedreae-geo
comment: https://topostext.org/place/370282UKed
label: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599702
label: Κεδρεαί @grc
preferred label: Κεδρειαί @grc
preferred label: Kedreiai

Corcyra
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 39.606285, 19.91558
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/530834
wikidata coordinates: 39°37'26"N, 19°49'12"E
comment: Korkyra was an ancient Greek city on the island of Corfu in the Ionian sea, adjacent to Epirus.
comment: https://topostext.org/place/396199PKer
comment: αρχαία ελληνική πόλη στο νησί της Κέρκυρας στο Ιόνιο πέλαγος, δίπλα στην Ήπειρο @el
label: Corfu
label: Korkyra
label: https://topostext.org/place/396199PKer
label: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121378
label: Κέρκυρα @el

Corinth
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: city-state
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.9072987541, 22.8799302264
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/570182
wikidata coordinates: 33°8'38.0"N, 97°4'19.9"W
comment: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Corinth
comment: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corinth
comment: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974334
label: Κόρινθος @el

Coroneia
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
type: rural area
pleiades coordinates: 38.391204, 22.957112
wikidata coordinates: 38°23'28.3"N, 22°57'25.6"E
label: Κορώνεια @el
alternative label: Coronea

Cynos Sema
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
type: sea location
pleiades coordinates: 40.25, 26.25
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501487
label: Κυνὸς σῆμα @grc
see also: Cynos Sema
alternative label: Kynos Sema

Cyzicus
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: coastal location
type: location
Perseus URI: On the fourth day after the sea-fight the Athenians in Sestos having hastily refitted their ships sailed against Cyzicus, which had revolted. Off Harpagium and Priapus they sighted at anchor the eight vessels from Byzantium, and sailing up and routing the troops on shore, took the ships, and then went on and recovered the town of Cyzicus, which was unfortified, and levied money from the citizens. Thucydides. The Peloponnesian War. London, J. M. Dent; New York, E. P. Dutton. 1910.Thuc. 8.107.1 https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200%3Abook%3D8%3Achapter%3D107%3Asection%3D1
comment: ancient Greek town in Mysia in Anatolia in the current Balıkesir Province of Turkey
comment: αρχαία ελληνική πόλη στη Μυσία της Ανατολίας στη σημερινή επαρχία Balıkesir της Τουρκίας @el
label: Κύζικος @el

Dekeleia
type: NamedIndividual
type: deme (Ancient Athens)
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.13302775, 23.79187175
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/579907
wikidata coordinates: 38°6'36"N, 23°46'43"E
alternative label: Decelea
preferred label: Δεκέλεια @el

Delos
type: NamedIndividual
type: island or island group
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.392022211, 25.2702389005
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599588
wikidata coordinates: 37°23'36"N, 25°16'16"E
comment: island near Mykonos, near the centre of the Cyclades archipelago, is one of the most important mythological, historical, and archaeological sites in Greece
comment: νησί κοντά στη Μύκονο, κοντά στο κέντρο του αρχιπελάγους των Κυκλάδων, είναι ένας από τους σημαντικότερους μυθολογικούς, ιστορικούς και αρχαιολογικούς χώρους στην Ελλάδα @el
label: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173148
label: Δήλος @el
see also: Attic: Δῆλος, Doric: Δᾶλος @grc

Eion, Thrace
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: location
comment: town in ancient Thrace
comment: αρχαία πόλη στη Θράκη @el
label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eion_(Thrace)
label: Ηιόνα, Θράκη @el
label: Ἠιόνα @grc

loc-Epidamnus
type: NamedIndividual
type: city
type: location
colonised by: Corcyreans
pleiades coordinates: 41.3163425, 19.447355
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/481818
alternative label: Durres (Albania)
alternative label: Epidmanos
alternative label: Επίδαμνος @el

Euboean Gulf
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
type: sea location
wikidata coordinates: 38°33'N, 23°30'E
label: Ευβοϊκός κόλπος @el

Gavrion
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/589791
wikidata coordinates: 37.885600, 24.737600
comment: http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1042015
comment: https://topostext.org/place/379247UGau
label: Γαύριο @el
label: Γαύριον @grc

Greece
type: NamedIndividual
type: geo-political division
type: location
wikidata coordinates: 39°41'30.5"N, 20°0'30.2"E
comment: country in Southeast Europe
label: Ελλάδα @el

Hellespont
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
type: sea location
pleiades coordinates: 40.2, 26.4
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501434
wikidata coordinates: 40°12'N, 26°24'E
label: Ελλήσποντος @el
label: Ἑλλήσποντος @grc
alternative label: Dardanelles

Issos
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 36.8402925, 36.1950485
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/658490
wikidata coordinates: 36.8402925, 36.1950485
label: Ἰσσός @grc

Ithome
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/570479/ithome
label: Ιθώμη @el
label: Ἰθώμη @grc

Lavrion
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.712252, 24.039891
wikidata coordinates: 37°42'52.02"N, 24°3'23.29"E
label: Λαύριο @el
label: Λαύριον @el
alternative label: Lavrium

Lesbos
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 39.1746883577, 26.2365692058
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550696
wikidata coordinates: 39°12'36"N, 26°16'48"E
label: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550696
label: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128087
label: Λέσβος @el
alternative label: Lesvos
preferred label: Greek island in North Aegean
preferred label: https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%82
preferred label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbos

Leucas
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.716667, 20.65
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/530975
wikidata coordinates: 38.716667, 20.65
alternative label: Λευκάδα @el
preferred label: Λευκάς @grc

Leuctra
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.2544053, 23.1821091
wikidata coordinates: 38°15'16"N, 23°10'56"E
label: Λεύκτρα @el

Macedon
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 41.25, 21.75
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/491656
wikidata coordinates: 41°19'45.31710"N, 22°30'31.03589"E
comment: a geographical and historical region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe
comment: ιστορική περιοχή της βαλκανικής χερσονήσου στη νοτιοανατολική Ευρώπη @el
label: Macedonia
label: Makedon
label: Μακεδονία @el

Μάγαρσα
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 36.5449515, 35.3455155
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/648701
wikidata coordinates: 36.5449515, 35.3455155
label: Μάγαρσος @grc

Malian gulf
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.8678937, 22.6337672
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/540929
wikidata coordinates: 38°51'30"N, 22°42'20"E
label: Μαλιακός κόλπος @el

Mallos
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 36.7395805, 35.453557
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/648702
wikidata coordinates: 36.7395805, 35.453557
comment: Greek city in Cilicia (Anatolia) in ancient times
label: Mallus
label: Μᾶλλος @grc
see also: Ελληνίδα πόλη στην Κιλικία (Ανατολία) κατά την αρχαιότητα @el
alternative label: Μαλλός @el

Mantineia
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.6173785, 22.3925775
wikidata coordinates: 37°37'N, 22°23'E
label: Μαντινεία @el
alternative label: http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7010918
alternative label: Μαντίνεια @el

Μένδη
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 39.971454, 23.39806
pleiades coordinates: 39°57'49.622"N, 23°25'21.518"E
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501515
comment: Mende
see also: ancient city at Kalandra in Halkidiki Macedonia, Greece

Messenia
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.0557778, 21.9809211
pleiades coordinates: 37°N, 21°E
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/570480
comment: region in the southwestern part of the Peloponnese, Greece
comment: περιοχή στη ΝΔ Πελοπόννησο @el
label: Μεσσηνία @el

Mycale
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type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37°40'N, 27°5'E
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599805
label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycale

Mytilene
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 39.110475, 26.547048
wikidata coordinates: 39°6'16.9"N, 26°33'13.0"E
comment: (capital) city on the Greek island of Lesbos
label: Μυτιλήνη @el

Ὄλπαι
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.949996, 21.149835
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/531017
wikidata coordinates: 38°56'59.986"N, 21°8'59.406"E
alternative label: Olpai

Opous
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.6306405, 23.047878
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/540986
label: Οπούς @el

Orestis
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 40.5, 21.5
label: Ορέστης @el

Orobiae
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.82251, 23.214315
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/540989
comment: a town on the western coast of ancient Euboea, between Aedepsus and Aegae, which possessed an oracle of Apollo Selinuntius
comment: πόλη στη δυτική ακτή της αρχαίας Εύβοιας, μεταξύ Αιδηψού και Αιγών, η οποία διέθετε μαντείο του Απόλλωνα Σελινούντιου @el
label: Oρόβιαι @el
label: https://topostext.org/place/388232POro
label: Ὀρόβιαι @grc
preferred label: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/540989
preferred label: Ροβιές @el

Pallene
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type: location
pleiades coordinates: 39.9832624, 23.6437183
wikidata coordinates: 39.9832624, 23.6437183
alternative label: Phlegra
preferred label: https://topostext.org/place/400236LPal

Peloponnesus
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type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37°20'59"N, 22°21'8"E
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/570577
label: Πελοπόννησος @el

Peparethus
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 39.119096, 23.719616
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/541023
wikidata coordinates: 39°7'0.01"N, 23°42'0.00"E
label: Πεπάρηθος @el
alternative label: Skopelos
alternative label: Σκόπελος @el

Phasaelis
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 32.0275145, 35.443361
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/688003
label: Φασηλίς @grc
see also: 32.0275145, 35.443361

Rome
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 41.891775, 12.486137
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/423025

Σάμος
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.68825, 26.944483
pleiades coordinates: 37°43'N, 26°49'E
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/599925

Segesta
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.940316, 12.8361805
wikidata coordinates: 37°56'26.56"N, 12°50'15.25"E
label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segesta
label: Έγεστα @el
label: Αίγεστα @el

Sicily
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.6323672999, 13.9625732131
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492
wikidata coordinates: 37°34'0"N, 14°16'0"E
label: Σικελία @el

Spain
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 40.0, -5.0
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/540456066

Laconia
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 37.077905, 22.4272985
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/570685
see also: 37.077905, 22.4272985
preferred label: Sparta
preferred label: Λακωνία @el
preferred label: Σπάρτη @el

Spartolos
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.319156, 23.317577
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/541138
label: Σπάρτωλος @el

Thebes
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 38.319156, 23.317577
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/541138
wikidata coordinates: 38°19'15"N, 23°19'4"E
label: https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%AE%CE%B2%CE%B1
label: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thebes,_Greece
label: Θήβα @el

Thracian Chersonese
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 44.611092882, 33.4922580049
wikidata coordinates: 40°21'0"N, 26°28'12"E
label: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/226564
label: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3774282
label: Θρακικὴ Χερσόνησος @grc

Toroni
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 39.9766652, 23.90445065
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/501646
label: Τορώνη @el
see also: 39.9766652, 23.90445065

Aegae
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: 40.482959, 22.319739
comment: Vergina is best known as the site of ancient Aigai (Αἰγαί, Aigaí, Latinized: Aegae), the first capital of Macedon
label: Aigai
label: Vergina
label: Βεργίνα @el

Gibraltar
type: NamedIndividual
type: location
pleiades coordinates: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/275614
label: Pillars of Hercules
label: Ηράκλειες Στήλες @el
see also: 36.000038, -5.37113526667
see also: Ἡράκλειαι Στῆλαι @grc
alternative label: Columnae Herculis @la
note: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillars_of_Hercules
note: https://topostext.org/place/361000LPHe

Corcyra Island
type: NamedIndividual
type: island or island group
type: location
label: Κέρκυρα (νήσος) @el

Adeimantus
type: NamedIndividual
type: proper name
designation: Adeimantus
language: en

Aeropus
type: NamedIndividual
type: proper name
designation: Aeropus
language: en

Alcibiades
type: NamedIndividual
type: proper name
designation: Alcibiades
language: en
name: Alicibiades

Alexander
type: NamedIndividual
type: proper name
designation: Alexander III king of Macedon
language: en
label: Alexander the great

Brasidas
type: NamedIndividual
type: proper name
designation: Brasidas
language: en

Socrates
type: NamedIndividual
type: proper name
designation: Socrates
language: en

sedition of Corfu
type: NamedIndividual
type: proper name
designation: sedition of Corfu
language: en
label: Κερκυραϊκά @el

reference 1 to the Abydos battle (in ancient Greek)
type: NamedIndividual
type: Reference
linked reference: reference 1 to the Abydos battle (in English)
refers to: Nαυμαχία της Αβύδου
language: grc
Perseus URI: 1. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα οὐ πολλαῖς ἡμέραις ὕστερον ἦλθεν ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν Θυμοχάρης ἔχων ναῦς ὀλίγας: καὶ εὐθὺς ἐναυμάχησαν αὖθις Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἐνίκησαν δὲ Λακεδαιμόνιοι ἡγουμένου Ἀγησανδρίδου. [2] μετ᾽ ὀλίγον δὲ τούτων Δωριεὺς ὁ Διαγόρου ἐκ Ῥόδου εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον εἰσέπλει ἀρχομένου χειμῶνος τέτταρσι καὶ δέκα ναυσὶν ἅμα ἡμέρᾳ. κατιδὼν δὲ ὁ τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἡμεροσκόπος ἐσήμηνε τοῖς στρατηγοῖς. οἱ δὲ ἀνηγάγοντο ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν εἴκοσι ναυσίν, ἃς ὁ Δωριεὺς φυγὼν πρὸς τὴν γῆν ἀνεβίβαζε τὰς αὑτοῦ τριήρεις, ὡς ἤνοιγε, περὶ τὸ Ῥοίτειον. [3] ἐγγὺς δὲ γενομένων τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἐμάχοντο ἀπό τε τῶν νεῶν καὶ τῆς γῆς μέχρι οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀπέπλευσαν εἰς Μάδυτον πρὸς τὸ ἄλλο στρατόπεδον οὐδὲν πράξαντες. [4] Μίνδαρος δὲ κατιδὼν τὴν μάχην ἐν Ἰλίῳ θύων τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ, ἐβοήθει ἐπὶ τὴν θάλατταν, καὶ καθελκύσας τὰς ἑαυτοῦ τριήρεις ἀπέπλει, ὅπως ἀναλάβοι τὰς μετὰ Δωριέως. [5] οἱ δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀνταναγαγόμενοι ἐναυμάχησαν περὶ Ἄβυδον κατὰ τὴν ᾐόνα, μέχρι δείλης ἐξ ἑωθινοῦ. καὶ τὰ μὲν νικώντων, τὰ δὲ νικωμένων, Ἀλκιβιάδης ἐπεισπλεῖ δυοῖν δεούσαις εἴκοσι ναυσίν. [6] ἐντεῦθεν δὲ φυγὴ τῶν Πελοποννησίων ἐγένετο πρὸς τὴν Ἄβυδον: καὶ ὁ Φαρνάβαζος παρεβοήθει, καὶ ἐπεισβαίνων τῷ ἵππῳ εἰς τὴν θάλατταν μέχρι δυνατὸν ἦν ἐμάχετο, καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις τοῖς αὑτοῦ ἱππεῦσι καὶ πεζοῖς παρεκελεύετο. [7] συμφράξαντες δὲ τὰς ναῦς οἱ Πελοποννήσιοι καὶ παραταξάμενοι πρὸς τῇ γῇ ἐμάχοντο. Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ ἀπέπλευσαν, τριάκοντα ναῦς τῶν πολεμίων λαβόντες κενὰς καὶ ἃς αὐτοὶ ἀπώλεσαν κομισάμενοι, εἰς Σηστόν. [8] ἐντεῦθεν πλὴν τετταράκοντα νεῶν ἄλλαι ἄλλῃ ᾤχοντο ἐπ᾽ ἀργυρολογίαν ἔξω τοῦ Ἑλλησπόντου: καὶ ὁ Θράσυλλος, εἷς ὢν τῶν στρατηγῶν, εἰς Ἀθήνας ἔπλευσε ταῦτα ἐξαγγελῶν καὶ στρατιὰν καὶ ναῦς αἰτήσων. [9] μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Τισσαφέρνης ἦλθεν εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον: ἀφικόμενον δὲ παρ᾽ αὐτὸν μιᾷ τριήρει Ἀλκιβιάδην ξένιά τε καὶ δῶρα ἄγοντα συλλαβὼν εἶρξεν ἐν Σάρδεσι, φάσκων κελεύειν βασιλέα πολεμεῖν Ἀθηναίοις. [10] ἡμέραις δὲ τριάκοντα ὕστερον Ἀλκιβιάδης ἐκ Σάρδεων μετὰ Μαντιθέου τοῦ ἁλόντος ἐν Καρίᾳ ἵππων εὐπορήσαντες νυκτὸς ἀπέδρασαν εἰς Κλαζομενάς: [11] οἱ δ᾽ ἐν Σ… @grc
note: μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα οὐ πολλαῖς ἡμέραις ὕστερον ἦλθεν ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν Θυμοχάρης ἔχων ναῦς ὀλίγας: καὶ εὐθὺς ἐναυμάχησαν αὖθις Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι, ἐνίκησαν δὲ Λακεδαιμόνιοι ἡγουμένου Ἀγησανδρίδου. [2] μετ᾽ ὀλίγον δὲ τούτων Δωριεὺς ὁ Διαγόρου ἐκ Ῥόδου εἰς Ἑλλήσποντον εἰσέπλει ἀρχομένου χειμῶνος τέτταρσι καὶ δέκα ναυσὶν ἅμα ἡμέρᾳ. κατιδὼν δὲ ὁ τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἡμεροσκόπος ἐσήμηνε τοῖς στρατηγοῖς. οἱ δὲ ἀνηγάγοντο ἐπ᾽ αὐτὸν εἴκοσι ναυσίν, ἃς ὁ Δωριεὺς φυγὼν πρὸς τὴν γῆν ἀνεβίβαζε τὰς αὑτοῦ τριήρεις, ὡς ἤνοιγε, περὶ τὸ Ῥοίτειον. [3] ἐγγὺς δὲ γενομένων τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἐμάχοντο ἀπό τε τῶν νεῶν καὶ τῆς γῆς μέχρι οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀπέπλευσαν εἰς Μάδυτον πρὸς τὸ ἄλλο στρατόπεδον οὐδὲν πράξαντες. [4] Μίνδαρος δὲ κατιδὼν τὴν μάχην ἐν Ἰλίῳ θύων τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ, ἐβοήθει ἐπὶ τὴν θάλατταν, καὶ καθελκύσας τὰς ἑαυτοῦ τριήρεις ἀπέπλει, ὅπως ἀναλάβοι τὰς μετὰ Δωριέως. [5] οἱ δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι ἀνταναγαγόμενοι ἐναυμάχησαν περὶ Ἄβυδον κατὰ τὴν ᾐόνα, μέχρι δείλης ἐξ ἑωθινοῦ. καὶ τὰ μὲν νικώντων, τὰ δὲ νικωμένων, Ἀλκιβιάδης ἐπεισπλεῖ δυοῖν δεούσαις εἴκοσι ναυσίν. [6] ἐντεῦθεν δὲ φυγὴ τῶν Πελοποννησίων ἐγένετο πρὸς τὴν Ἄβυδον: καὶ ὁ Φαρνάβαζος παρεβοήθει, καὶ ἐπεισβαίνων τῷ ἵππῳ εἰς τὴν θάλατταν μέχρι δυνατὸν ἦν ἐμάχετο, καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις τοῖς αὑτοῦ ἱππεῦσι καὶ πεζοῖς παρεκελεύετο. [7] συμφράξαντες δὲ τὰς ναῦς οἱ Πελοποννήσιοι καὶ παραταξάμενοι πρὸς τῇ γῇ ἐμάχοντο. Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ ἀπέπλευσαν, τριάκοντα ναῦς τῶν πολεμίων λαβόντες κενὰς καὶ ἃς αὐτοὶ ἀπώλεσαν κομισάμενοι, εἰς Σηστόν. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1 Xenophon. Xenophontis opera omnia, vol. 1. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1900 (repr. 1968). @grc

reference 1 to the Abydos battle (in English)
type: NamedIndividual
type: Reference
linked reference: reference 1 to the Abydos battle (in ancient Greek)
refers to: Nαυμαχία της Αβύδου
language: en
perseus extract: After this, not many days later, Thymochares came from Athens with a few ships; and thereupon the Lacedaemonians and the Athenians fought another naval battle, and the Lacedaemonians were victorious, under the leadership of Agesandridas. [2] Shortly after this, at the beginning of the winter, Dorieus, the son of Diagoras, sailed into the Hellespont from Rhodes with fourteen ships, arriving at daybreak. And when the Athenian day-watcher described him, he signalled to the generals, and they put out against him with twenty ships; and Dorieus, fleeing from them towards the shore, beached his triremes, as fast as he got them clear of the enemy, in the neighbourhood of Rhoeteum. [3] And when the Athenians came near, the men under Dorieus fought, from their ships and from the shore, until the Athenians sailed away to Madytus, to the rest of their fleet, without having accomplished anything. [4] Now Mindarus caught sight of the battle as he was sacrificing to Athena at Ilium, and hurrying to the sea he launched his triremes and set out, in order to pick up the ships under Dorieus. [5] And the Athenians set out against him and did battle, along the strand near Abydus, from morning till late afternoon. They were at some points victorious and at others defeated, when Alcibiades sailed into the Hellespont to their support, with eighteen ships.[6] Thereupon the Peloponnesians took to flight in the direction of Abydus; and Pharnabazus came along the shore to their aid, and riding his horse into the sea as far as possible, bore a share in the fighting and cheered on his followers, cavalry and infantry. [7] Meanwhile the Peloponnesians made a barrier of their ships and marshalled themselves on the shore and fought. At length the Athenians sailed away to Sestus after capturing thirty of the enemy's ships, though without their crews, and recovering those which they had previously lost themselves. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Har…
perseus URI: http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1
Perseus URI: After this, not many days later, Thymochares came from Athens with a few ships; and thereupon the Lacedaemonians and the Athenians fought another naval battle, and the Lacedaemonians were victorious, under the leadership of Agesandridas. [2] Shortly after this, at the beginning of the winter, Dorieus, the son of Diagoras, sailed into the Hellespont from Rhodes with fourteen ships, arriving at daybreak. And when the Athenian day-watcher described him, he signalled to the generals, and they put out against him with twenty ships; and Dorieus, fleeing from them towards the shore, beached his triremes, as fast as he got them clear of the enemy, in the neighbourhood of Rhoeteum. [3] And when the Athenians came near, the men under Dorieus fought, from their ships and from the shore, until the Athenians sailed away to Madytus, to the rest of their fleet, without having accomplished anything. [4] Now Mindarus caught sight of the battle as he was sacrificing to Athena at Ilium, and hurrying to the sea he launched his triremes and set out, in order to pick up the ships under Dorieus. [5] And the Athenians set out against him and did battle, along the strand near Abydus, from morning till late afternoon. They were at some points victorious and at others defeated, when Alcibiades sailed into the Hellespont to their support, with eighteen ships.[6] Thereupon the Peloponnesians took to flight in the direction of Abydus; and Pharnabazus came along the shore to their aid, and riding his horse into the sea as far as possible, bore a share in the fighting and cheered on his followers, cavalry and infantry. [7] Meanwhile the Peloponnesians made a barrier of their ships and marshalled themselves on the shore and fought. At length the Athenians sailed away to Sestus after capturing thirty of the enemy's ships, though without their crews, and recovering those which they had previously lost themselves. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Har…
Perseus URI: http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0032.tlg001.perseus-eng1:1.1
comment: After this, not many days later, Thymochares came from Athens with a few ships; and thereupon the Lacedaemonians and the Athenians fought another naval battle, and the Lacedaemonians were victorious, under the leadership of Agesandridas. [2] Shortly after this, at the beginning of the winter, Dorieus, the son of Diagoras, sailed into the Hellespont from Rhodes with fourteen ships, arriving at daybreak. And when the Athenian day-watcher described him, he signalled to the generals, and they put out against him with twenty ships; and Dorieus, fleeing from them towards the shore, beached his triremes, as fast as he got them clear of the enemy, in the neighbourhood of Rhoeteum. [3] And when the Athenians came near, the men under Dorieus fought, from their ships and from the shore, until the Athenians sailed away to Madytus, to the rest of their fleet, without having accomplished anything. [4] Now Mindarus caught sight of the battle as he was sacrificing to Athena at Ilium, and hurrying to the sea he launched his triremes and set out, in order to pick up the ships under Dorieus. [5] And the Athenians set out against him and did battle, along the strand near Abydus, from morning till late afternoon. They were at some points victorious and at others defeated, when Alcibiades sailed into the Hellespont to their support, with eighteen ships.[6] Thereupon the Peloponnesians took to flight in the direction of Abydus; and Pharnabazus came along the shore to their aid, and riding his horse into the sea as far as possible, bore a share in the fighting and cheered on his followers, cavalry and infantry. [7] Meanwhile the Peloponnesians made a barrier of their ships and marshalled themselves on the shore and fought. At length the Athenians sailed away to Sestus after capturing thirty of the enemy's ships, though without their crews, and recovering those which they had previously lost themselves. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Har…
note: After this, not many days later, Thymochares came from Athens with a few ships; and thereupon the Lacedaemonians and the Athenians fought another naval battle, and the Lacedaemonians were victorious, under the leadership of Agesandridas. [2] Shortly after this, at the beginning of the winter, Dorieus, the son of Diagoras, sailed into the Hellespont from Rhodes with fourteen ships, arriving at daybreak. And when the Athenian day-watcher described him, he signalled to the generals, and they put out against him with twenty ships; and Dorieus, fleeing from them towards the shore, beached his triremes, as fast as he got them clear of the enemy, in the neighbourhood of Rhoeteum. [3] And when the Athenians came near, the men under Dorieus fought, from their ships and from the shore, until the Athenians sailed away to Madytus, to the rest of their fleet, without having accomplished anything. [4] Now Mindarus caught sight of the battle as he was sacrificing to Athena at Ilium, and hurrying to the sea he launched his triremes and set out, in order to pick up the ships under Dorieus. [5] And the Athenians set out against him and did battle, along the strand near Abydus, from morning till late afternoon. They were at some points victorious and at others defeated, when Alcibiades sailed into the Hellespont to their support, with eighteen ships.[6] Thereupon the Peloponnesians took to flight in the direction of Abydus; and Pharnabazus came along the shore to their aid, and riding his horse into the sea as far as possible, bore a share in the fighting and cheered on his followers, cavalry and infantry. [7] Meanwhile the Peloponnesians made a barrier of their ships and marshalled themselves on the shore and fought. At length the Athenians sailed away to Sestus after capturing thirty of the enemy's ships, though without their crews, and recovering those which they had previously lost themselves. Xen. Hell. 1.1.1 Xenophon. Xenophon in Seven Volumes, 1 and 2. Carleton L. Brownson. Har…

battle
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: battle
language: en

bataille
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: battle
language: fr

crisis
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: crisis
language: en

crise
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: crisis
language: fr

event
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: Event
language: en

événement
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: Event
language: fr

naval battle
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: naval battle

sedition
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: sedition
language: en

sédition
type: NamedIndividual
type: term
designation: sedition
language: fr

unnamed man who sat on Alexander the Great's throne
type: NamedIndividual
type: Person
name: μη κατονομαζόμενος άνδας που κάθισε στο θρόνο του Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου @el

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

comment: This is an entity positioning annotation generated by CoModIDE (https://comodide.com/). Removing this annotation will break rendering the CoModIDE schema diagram view.

'Tree' ODP Instantiation Module

Tree