OBO-Edit 2.000-beta41 16:07:2008 16:55 bila 1.2 Thorsten Henrich definition database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_obo_format_version has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym bila OBO_REL:precedes precedes A relationship between two classes (terms). Relationships between classes are expressed in terms of relations on underlying instances. bila OBO_REL:relationship relationship A relationship between two classes (terms). Relationships between classes are expressed in terms of relations on underlying instances. PMID:15892874 P preceded_by P' if and only if: given any process p that instantiates P at a time t, there is some process p' such that p' instantiates P' at time t', and t' is earlier than t. relationship OBO_REL:preceded_by An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. preceded_by P preceded_by P' if and only if: given any process p that instantiates P at a time t, there is some process p' such that p' instantiates P' at time t', and t' is earlier than t. PMID:15892874 bila develops_from develops_from bila part_of part_of CARO:0000000 bila BILA:0000000 anatomical entity Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. CARO:0000003 bila BILA:0000003 anatomical structure Material anatomical entity that has inherent 3D shape and is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. CARO:MAH Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. CARO:0000004 bila BILA:0000004 portion of organism substance Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. CARO:MAH Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. CARO:0000005 bila BILA:0000005 anatomical space Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. CARO:MAH Anatomical entity that has mass. CARO:0000006 bila BILA:0000006 material anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has mass. CARO:MAH Anatomical entity that has no mass. CARO:0000007 bila BILA:0000007 immaterial anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has no mass. CARO:MAH Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface. CARO:0000008 bila BILA:0000008 anatomical line Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface. CARO:MAH Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface. CARO:0000009 bila BILA:0000009 anatomical point Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface. CARO:MAH Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures. CARO:0000010 bila BILA:0000010 anatomical surface Non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions, that is demarcated by anatomical lines or points on the external or internal surfaces of anatomical structures. CARO:MAH Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. CARO:0000011 bila BILA:0000011 anatomical system Anatomical group that is has as its parts distinct anatomical structures interconnected by anatomical structures at a lower level of granularity. CARO:MAH Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. CARO:0000012 bila BILA:0000012 multi-cellular organism Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. CARO:MAH Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CARO:0000013 bila BILA:0000013 cell Anatomical structure that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CARO:MAH Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell. CARO:0000014 bila BILA:0000014 cell component Anatomical structure that is a direct part of the cell. CARO:MAH The excretory system is the system of an organism that mainly performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes. It is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by the processes that maintain homeostasis. henrich 2008-03-05T02:00:00Z renal system bila BILA:0000015 excretory system The excretory system is the system of an organism that mainly performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes. It is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by the processes that maintain homeostasis. 4DXp:TH henrich 2008-03-04T11:11:00Z bila BILA:0000016 cardiovascular system The minimum setting for an eye involves a photo-receptor in the vicinity of shading pigment, which allows the detection of the direction of light. A simple eye consists of one photoreceptor and one pigment cell. Such prototype two- celled eyes are found, for example, in trochophora larvae and in planarians. Our definition also includes single photosensitive cells containing both photo- and shading pigment (eg. unicellular algae, turbellarian 'epidermal eyes'), but excludes photoreceptor cells not combined with shading pigment (eg. deep brain photoreceptor cells). henrich 2008-07-16T03:27:46Z bila BILA:0000017 eye The minimum setting for an eye involves a photo-receptor in the vicinity of shading pigment, which allows the detection of the direction of light. A simple eye consists of one photoreceptor and one pigment cell. Such prototype two- celled eyes are found, for example, in trochophora larvae and in planarians. Our definition also includes single photosensitive cells containing both photo- and shading pigment (eg. unicellular algae, turbellarian 'epidermal eyes'), but excludes photoreceptor cells not combined with shading pigment (eg. deep brain photoreceptor cells). PMID:11604122 An appendage is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body, such as a vertebrate's limbs. henrich 2008-04-21T10:24:00Z bila BILA:0000018 appendage An appendage is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body, such as a vertebrate's limbs. 4DXp:TH Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ. CARO:0000019 bila BILA:0000019 compound organ component Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ. CARO:MAH henrich 2008-03-04T11:12:00Z bila BILA:0000020 heart Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ. CARO:0000021 bila BILA:0000021 simple organ Multi-tissue structure that is not part of a compound organ. CARO:MAH Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. CARO:0000024 bila BILA:0000024 compound organ Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. CARO:MAH Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes. CARO:0000027 bila BILA:0000027 male organism Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes. CARO:MAH Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes. CARO:0000028 bila BILA:0000028 female organism Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes. CARO:MAH Multi-cellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes. CARO:0000029 bila dioecious organism BILA:0000029 hermaphroditic organism Multi-cellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes. CARO:MAH Multi-cellular organism that does not produce gametes. CARO:0000030 bila BILA:0000030 asexual organism Multi-cellular organism that does not produce gametes. CARO:MAH Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism. CARO:0000032 bila BILA:0000032 organism subdivision Anatomical structure which is a primary subdivision of whole organism. The mereological sum of these is the whole organism. CARO:MAH henrich 2008-03-04T11:34:00Z bila BILA:0000034 embryonic structure henrich 2008-03-04T11:36:00Z bila BILA:0000035 germ layer henrich 2008-03-04T11:37:00Z bila BILA:0000036 ectoderm henrich 2008-03-04T11:38:00Z bila BILA:0000037 mesoderm henrich 2008-03-04T11:38:00Z bila BILA:0000038 endoderm henrich 2008-03-04T11:40:00Z bila BILA:0000039 neuroectoderm Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. CARO:0000040 bila BILA:0000040 acellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. CARO:MAH Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. CARO:0000041 bila BILA:0000041 anatomical cluster Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. CARO:MAH Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo. CARO:0000042 bila BILA:0000042 extraembryonic structure Anatomical structure that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo. CARO:MAH Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships. CARO:0000043 bila BILA:0000043 portion of tissue Anatomical structure, that consists of similar cells and intercellular matrix, aggregated according to genetically determined spatial relationships. CARO:MAH henrich 2008-03-04T11:41:00Z bila BILA:0000044 visceral mesoderm Hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of one sex, and then later of the other sex. CARO:0000045 bila consecutive hermaphroditic organism BILA:0000045 sequential hermaphroditic organism Hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of one sex, and then later of the other sex. CARO:MAH Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time. CARO:0000046 bila serially hermaphroditic organism BILA:0000046 synchronous hermaphroditic organism Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time. CARO:MAH henrich 2008-03-04T11:42:00Z bila BILA:0000047 somatic mesoderm Multi-cellular organism that has male and female sexes. CARO:0000048 bila monoecious organism BILA:0000048 gonochoristic organism Multi-cellular organism that has male and female sexes. CARO:MAH Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the male sex, and then later of the female sex. CARO:0000049 bila BILA:0000049 protandrous hermaphroditic organism Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the male sex, and then later of the female sex. CARO:MAH Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the female sex, and then later of the male sex. CARO:0000050 bila BILA:0000050 protogynous hermaphroditic organism Sequential hermaphroditic organism that produces gametes first of the female sex, and then later of the male sex. CARO:MAH henrich 2008-03-04T11:55:00Z bila BILA:0000051 cardiac mesoderm henrich 2008-03-04T11:59:00Z bila BILA:0000052 blastomere henrich 2008-03-04T11:59:00Z bila Spemann's organizer BILA:0000053 organizer Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue. CARO:0000054 bila BILA:0000054 anatomical group Anatomical structure consisting of at least two non-overlapping organs, multi-tissue aggregates or portion of tissues or cells of different types that does not constitute an organism, organ, multi-tissue aggregate, or portion of tissue. CARO:MAH Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. CARO:0000055 bila BILA:0000055 multi-tissue structure Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. CARO:MAH henrich 2008-03-04T12:00:00Z bila developing organism BILA:0000056 embryonic organism henrich 2008-03-04T12:01:00Z bila BILA:0000057 zygote embryo henrich 2008-03-04T12:01:00Z bila BILA:0000058 cleaving embryo henrich 2008-03-04T12:03:00Z bila BILA:0000059 blastula embryo henrich 2008-03-04T12:04:00Z bila BILA:0000060 gastrula embryo henrich 2008-03-04T12:05:00Z bila BILA:0000061 neurula embryo Anatomical space that is part of a cell. CARO:0000062 bila BILA:0000062 cell space Anatomical space that is part of a cell. CARO:MAH Portion of organism substance located within a cell. CARO:0000063 bila BILA:0000063 portion of cell substance Portion of organism substance located within a cell. CARO:MAH Cell that is an individual member of a species. CARO:0000064 bila BILA:0000064 single cell organism Cell that is an individual member of a species. CARO:MAH Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue. CARO:0000065 bila BILA:0000065 basal lamina Acellular anatomical structure that consists of a thin sheet of fibrous proteins that underlie and support the cells of an epithelium. It separates the cells of an epithelium from any underlying tissue. CARO:MAH Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. CARO:0000066 bila BILA:0000066 epithelium Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. CARO:MAH Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. CARO:0000067 bila BILA:0000067 simple cuboidal epithelium Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. CARO:MAH Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells. CARO:0000068 bila BILA:0000068 simple columnar epithlium Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of columnar cells. CARO:MAH Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells. CARO:0000069 bila BILA:0000069 multilaminar epithelium Epithelium that consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells. CARO:MAH Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells. CARO:0000070 bila BILA:0000070 simple squamous epithelium Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of squamous cells. CARO:MAH Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers. CARO:0000071 bila BILA:0000071 atypical epithelium Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers. CARO:MAH Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. CARO:0000072 bila BILA:0000072 cavitated compound organ Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. CARO:MAH Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. CARO:0000073 bila BILA:0000073 unilaminar epithelium Epithelium that consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. CARO:MAH Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces. CARO:0000074 bila BILA:0000074 solid compound organ Compound organ that does not contain macroscopic anatomical spaces. CARO:MAH henrich 2008-03-04T12:06:00Z bila BILA:0000075 segmenting embryo henrich 2008-03-04T12:09:00Z bila BILA:0000076 juvenile organism Cell which has as its part a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and which has apical-basal cell polarity. CARO:0000077 bila BILA:0000077 epithelial cell Cell which has as its part a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and which has apical-basal cell polarity. CARO:MAH henrich 2008-03-04T12:10:00Z bila BILA:0000078 adult organism henrich 2008-03-04T04:54:00Z bila BILA:0000079 nervous system In physiological terms, a CNS integrates and processes sensory information coming from the periphery, and initiates body-wide responses via neurosecretion into the body fluid or direct stimulation of the body musculature. Anatomically, a CNS is a delimited nervous tissue that comprises distinct agglomerations of functionally specialized neurons (nuclei) interconnected by axon tracts (neuropil). The CNS may be subdivided into separate parts (ganglia). It connects to the periphery via nerves. A CNS thus defined is found in various shapes and degrees of complexity in different animal phyla, including vertebrates and many invertebrates, such as echinoderms, arthropods, nematodes, molluscs and annelids. henrich 2008-03-04T05:26:00Z bila CNS BILA:0000080 central nervous system In physiological terms, a CNS integrates and processes sensory information coming from the periphery, and initiates body-wide responses via neurosecretion into the body fluid or direct stimulation of the body musculature. Anatomically, a CNS is a delimited nervous tissue that comprises distinct agglomerations of functionally specialized neurons (nuclei) interconnected by axon tracts (neuropil). The CNS may be subdivided into separate parts (ganglia). It connects to the periphery via nerves. A CNS thus defined is found in various shapes and degrees of complexity in different animal phyla, including vertebrates and many invertebrates, such as echinoderms, arthropods, nematodes, molluscs and annelids. PMID:18192182 henrich 2008-03-04T05:27:00Z bila PNS BILA:0000081 peripheral nervous system henrich 2008-03-04T05:31:00Z bila alimentary system BILA:0000082 digestive system henrich 2008-03-04T05:40:00Z alimentary canal gastrointestinal tract bila <new synonym> BILA:0000083 digestive tract henrich 2008-03-04T05:43:00Z bila BILA:0000084 primitive gut henrich 2008-03-04T05:46:00Z bila BILA:0000085 foregut henrich 2008-03-04T05:47:00Z bila BILA:0000086 midgut henrich 2008-03-04T05:47:00Z bila BILA:0000087 hindgut henrich 2008-03-05T11:08:00Z bila BILA:0000088 musculature system henrich 2008-03-05T11:35:00Z bila BILA:0000099 sensory system henrich 2008-03-05T02:04:00Z bila BILA:0000103 reproductive system henrich 2008-03-05T02:14:00Z bila BILA:0000104 immune system The head of an animal is the anterior part that usually comprises the brain, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth. henrich 2008-03-05T03:03:00Z bila BILA:0000115 head The head of an animal is the anterior part that usually comprises the brain, eyes, ears, nose, and mouth. 4DXp:TH henrich 2008-03-05T03:04:00Z bila BILA:0000116 trunk henrich 2008-03-05T03:04:00Z bila BILA:0000117 tail henrich 2008-03-05T03:04:00Z bila skin BILA:0000118 surface henrich 2008-03-10T10:10:00Z bila BILA:0000122 urogenital system henrich 2008-03-10T10:18:00Z bila BILA:0000123 gonad henrich 2008-03-10T10:18:00Z bila BILA:0000124 testis henrich 2008-03-10T10:19:00Z bila BILA:0000125 ovary henrich 2008-03-10T10:44:00Z bila BILA:0000126 protonephridium henrich 2008-03-10T10:45:00Z bila BILA:0000127 metanephridium henrich 2008-03-10T10:49:00Z bila BILA:0000128 nephros henrich 2008-03-10T10:50:00Z bila BILA:0000132 visceral muculature henrich 2008-03-10T10:50:00Z bila BILA:0000133 somatic musculature henrich 2008-03-10T10:51:00Z bila BILA:0000134 cardiac musculature henrich 2008-03-10T10:53:00Z bila BILA:0000135 brain henrich 2008-03-10T10:53:00Z bila BILA:0000136 nerve cord henrich 2008-03-10T10:55:00Z bila BILA:0000139 chemosensory system henrich 2008-03-10T10:56:00Z bila BILA:0000140 photosensory system henrich 2008-03-10T10:58:00Z bila BILA:0000142 mechanosensory system henrich 2008-03-10T11:10:00Z bila BILA:0000143 gustatory system henrich 2008-03-10T11:10:00Z bila BILA:0000144 olfactory system henrich 2008-03-05T02:30:00Z bila BILS:0000105 bilateria developmental stage henrich 2008-03-05T02:30:00Z bila one cell stage BILS:0000106 zygote stage henrich 2008-03-05T02:31:00Z bila BILS:0000107 cleavage stage henrich 2008-03-05T02:33:00Z bila BILS:0000108 blastula stage henrich 2008-03-05T02:36:00Z bila BILS:0000109 gastrula stage henrich 2008-03-05T02:36:00Z bila BILS:0000110 neurula stage henrich 2008-03-05T02:36:00Z bila segmentation stage BILS:0000111 organogenesis stage henrich 2008-03-05T02:37:00Z bila BILS:0000112 juvenile stage henrich 2008-03-05T02:37:00Z bila BILS:0000113 adult stage