]> LexInfo 2010-11-22 2014-06-14 http://www.lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo# 2.0 An ontology of types, values and properties to be used with the lemon model, partially derived from ISOcat. LexInfo lexinfo An ontology of types, values and properties to be used with the lemon model, partially derived from ISOcat. Copyright 2010 Monnet Project example An example of the usage of a frame. abbreviationFor A linking element used to identify a relation between an abbreviation and its full or expanded form. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 acronymFor 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen A linking element used to identify a relation between an acronym and its full or expanded form. animacy 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Wright, Sue Ellen The characteristic of a word indicating that in a given discourse community, its referent is considered to be alive or to possess a quality of volition or consciousness. antonym term Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A term or lexeme whose concept or sense constitutes the opposite of the concept represented by a second term or lexeme. approximate Property used to qualify something similar but not exactly the same Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 aspect Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Category associated to verbs and referring to the way the grammar marks the duration or type of temporal activity. concept relation A relation between two concepts having a non-hierarchical thematic connection by virtue of experience. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen case Francopoulo, Gil In a given sentence, the way in which the form of a word changes in order to express a relationship with one or several words of the sentence. The morphological modification may apply to nouns, pronouns noun phrase constituents, such as adjectives or numerals. 1:0 causallyRelatedConcept 1:0 A concept that is related to another concept by virtue of the fact that it plays a causative role with respect to that concept. Wright, Sue Ellen clippedTermFor 1:0 A linking element used to identify a relation between a clipped term and its full or expanded form. Wright, Sue Ellen cliticness Francopoulo, Gil Categorization of the different types of clitics 1:0 complement A noun phrase that follows a copula or similar verb, as for example an idiot in the sentence He is an idiot. - A clause that serves as the subject or direct object of a verb or the direct object of a preposition, as for example that he would be early in the sentence I hoped that he would be early contractionFor The full form that corresponds to a contracted form. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen coordinateConcept 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen A subordinate concept having the same nearest superordinate concept and same criterion of subdivision as some other concept in a given concept system. Used with copula constructions. This represents the subject/object in a copula construction. As such constructions are reversible this property is used instead of the usual verb subject/object. E,g., Barack Obama is the president/The president is Barack Obama Indicates the subject of a copula construction. It is assumed that by using this the copula construction is not reversible e.g., He is happy/*happy is him dating 1:0 Indication specifying whether the usage is old or modern. Francopoulo, Gil definiteness Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Property about the possiblity to identify an entity. degree Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Property concerning comparison. description 1:0 A description in general prose text of the issues that are indicated by the context. The description field can occur at many different places in a component and profile. Wittenburg, Peter direct object relation between a phrase and a verb, in which the relation is central to the verb etymological root Morpheme that has a particular status with regards to the word's etymology. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 etymology 1:0 Information on the origin of a word and the development of its meaning. Wright, Sue Ellen exact 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Completely correct in every detail explanation A statement that describes and clarifies a concept and makes it understandable, but does not necessarily differentiate it from other concepts. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 finitness Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Property referring to finite and non-finite status of a verbal form. frequency The relative commonness with which a term occurs. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen fullFormFor Wright, Sue Ellen A linking element used to identify a relation between any full form of a term or lexical unit and its abbreviated form. 1:0 grammatical gender A grammatical category that indicates grammatical relationships between words in sentences. geographical variant Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Description of a specific form used in a certain region as opposed to another form used in another region gloss 1:0 In TEI: A phrase or word used to provide a gloss or definition for some other word or phrase. In 1951: Any editorial comment. Wright, Sue Ellen holonym Indicates that the referenced element is a part of this object homograph Wright, Sue Ellen Francopoulo, Gil Word that is written like another, but that has a different pronunciation, meaning, and/or origin. 1:0 A word that is spelled like another, but that has a different pronunciation, meaning, and/or origin. homonym 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil A word that is pronounced like another word and that can be spelled the same way (homograph) or can merely sound the same (homophone). Word that sounds the same and is written the same as another word but is different in meaning. Wright, Sue Ellen homophone Francopoulo, Gil Word that sounds like another word, but is different in writiing or meaning. 1:0 A word that is pronounced in the same way as another word but that is spelled differently. Wright, Sue Ellen indirect object An indirect object is a grammatical relation that is one means of expressing the semantic role of goal and other similar roles. It is proposed for languages in which the role is distinct from the direct object and the oblique object on the basis of multiple independent syntactic or morphological criteria, such as the following: - Having a particular case marking, commonly dative - Governing an agreement affix on the verb, such as person or number - Being distinct from oblique relations in that it may be relativized initialismFor 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen A linking element used to identify a relation between an initialism and its full or expanded form. member holonym Indicates the object is a member of this member meronym Indicates this is an element of the other meronym Indicates this is a part of another concept modification type 1:0 Refers to the prenominal or postnominal positions of determiners which distinguish different forms. Francopoulo, Gil mood In TEI: contains information about the grammatical mood of verbs (e.g. indicative, subjunctive, imperative). 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen negative Francopoulo, Gil denotes the negation or the absence 1:0 normative authorization Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A term status qualifier assigned by an authoritative body, such as a standards body or a governmental entity with a regulatory function. note A statement that provides further information on any part of a language resource entry. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 grammatical number Wright, Sue Ellen Grammatical category for the variation in form of nouns, pronouns, and any words agreeing with them, depending on how many persons or things are referred to. In many languages, the grammatical distinction that indicates the number of objects referred to by the term or word. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil part holonym Indicates a part of this object part meronym Indicates this a component of the other concept part of speech Term used to describe how a particular word is used in a sentence. A category assigned to a word based on its grammatical and semantic properties. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Indicates that one lexical entry is the participle form of another, e.g., the adjective 'reassuring' is the participle of 'to reassure' partitive relation A relation between two concepts where one of the concepts constitutes the whole and the other concept a part of that whole. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen person 1:0 Indication of grammatical person (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.) associated with a given inflected form. Francopoulo, Gil Indicates an argument of an adjective indicated by post-positive modification. An example in english would be that "that is something interesting", where the adjective interesting post-postively modifies something referent type Francopoulo, Gil Type of concrete object or concept (the referent) that an expression represents (the reference). 1:0 register Classification indicating the relative level of language individually assigned to a lexeme or term or to a text type. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil relatedTerm A term connected to another term by a coordinate or associative relation. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen root base of a word 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil sense example Wright, Sue Ellen Descriptive material that provides a sample of an object or entity defined in the entry. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil short form for Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A linking element used to identify a relation between a short form and its full or expanded form. subject relation between a phrase and a verb, that represents the person or thing that performs the action or about which something is stated substance holonym Indicates what this is composed of substance meronym Indicates this is a substance that composes the other temporal qualifier An attribution of a term or lexeme with respect to its use over time. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 tense Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Property referring to the way the grammar marks the time at which the action denoted by the verb took place. lexTermElement Any logically significant portion of a larger term or lexeme. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 lexTermType Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 An attribute assigned to a lexeme or a term. usage note 1:0 A note containing information on the usage of the associated word or term. Wright, Sue Ellen verb form mood Francopoulo, Gil One of a set of distinctive forms that are used to signal modality. Modality is a facet of illocutionary point or general intent of a speaker, or a speaker's degree of commitment to the expressed proposition's believability, obligatoriness, desirability or reality. 1:0 voice Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Way sentences may alter the relationship between the subject and object of a verb, without changing the meaning of the sentence. Confidence The confidence in a given relationship. Translation confidence The confidence in a given translation. pronunciation The representation of the manner by which a term or word is articulated. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 romanization Francopoulo, Gil Transcription or transliteration from non-Latin script into Latin script. 1:0 segmentation 1:0 Specification of the pointers in time or sequence that indicates the segmentation process. Wittenburg, Peter transliteration Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Form resulting from the conversion of one writing system into another 1 wird wurden unseren irrtum GEWAHR 1 the RED ball 1 1 new york is BIGGER THAN berlin er ist seinem bruder ÄHNLICH er ist des hochverrats SCHULDIG 1 0 es ist mir HEISS he is RELATED TO her 1 1 that is something INTERESTING Note this frame should be used when both attributive and predicative use of the adjective is allowed 1 he is HAPPY 1 1 Everest is 8,848m HIGH 1 1 tokyo is the BIGGEST of all metropoles true 1 Indicates either the subject or object of the main clause may be the omitted argument of the subclause Control indicates how a an argument from a main clause will be utilized in a subclause. This class includes both control structures and raising structures 0 1 1 ich DANKE dir A clause beginning with the declarative conjunction ("that" in English) 1 Declarative frames take a clause as an argument, this argument is marker with the declarative conjunction ("that" in English) 2 1 das KOSTET ihn sein leben 1 1 1 mein vater SCHREIBT ihr einen brief i GAVE him it en she BOUGHT him it she BOUGHT it FOR him en he GAVE his mother a present he GAVE a present TO his mother A word that is a fusion of a preposition and some other word... examples include the German words "zum" and "daran" 1 1 1 man KLAGTE ihn des diebstahls AN 1 1 wir BEDENKEN jenes mannes A clause, whose head is a non-finite verb form, which is used in place of an argument. In English these use the "-ing" suffix Indicates one of the arguments is a gerund clause 0 0 it REEKS OF tar 1 es JUCKT mich A clause whose main verb is infinitive 1 Infinitive frames take an infinitive clause as an argument A subclause that begins interrogative construction ("wh"-word in English) 1 Indicates the frame has a subframe indicated with the appropriate interrogative (e.g., "who", "where", "how") 1 Indicates the frame has an argument that is a clause with both an interrogative and the clause is in the infinitive form 1 his reputation SANK low 1 he SEEMED well i KNOW [that is a bad idea] 0 1 he LEFT I HELPED [to save the child] he SEEMED [to be happy] I WANTED [to come] he ASKED [what he should do] he ASKED [what to do] 1 he SEEMED a fool the SUGGESTED to him [that he should go] he TOOK CARE OF her they THOUGHT he was always late 1 1 1 the CAPITAL OF france is paris 1 he is a MAN false Indicates the object of the main clause is also the (omitted) object of the subclause 1 Abstract frame for words that take a prepositional phrase as an argument 1 1 1 he is IN london Indicates the syntactic subject of the main clause is in fact the subject of the subclause. The main clause should then be interpreted as being impersonal. 2 mary and john MET ich TUE mir WEH ist diese frame echt? das habe ich mir EINGEBILDET hans und marie TREFFEN sich er ERHOLT sich elle se COUCHE ich ERRINERE mich AN seinen vater elle se APPROCHE DE la gare 1 Sentential frames take a clause as argument, no conjunction is used and the syntax of the clause is the same as a main clause false Indicates the subject of the main clause is the (omitted) subject of the subclause 0 1 mir SCHWINDELT mir TRÄUMT VON jener zeit 1 mich FRIERT mich EKELT VOR fleisch A subclause that is in the subjunctive mood they PAINTED it red she PUT the cheese back he CONVINCED her [that she should go] 1 1 the dog BIT the man they CONVINCED him [to go] i WANT john [to go] john PROMISED mary [to resign] he ASKED her [what he should do] he ASKED her [what to do] they ELECTED him president she ADDED salt TO the stew he TOLD the audience he was leaving compound(cjkv) A lexical unit in a CJKV language that is represented by at least two CJKV characters. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen abbreviated form A term or lexeme resulting from the omission of any part of the full term or lexeme while designating the same concept. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 abessive case Francopoulo, Gil Case that expresses the lack or absence of the referent of the noun it marks. 1:0 ablative case 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Case used to typically indicate locative or instrumental function. absolutive case Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Case for nouns in ergative-absolute languages that would generally be the subjects of intransitive verbs or the objects of transitive verbs in the translational equivalents of nominative-accusative languages such as English. accusative case Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Case used to indicate direct object. acronym 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen An abbreviation made up of the initial letters of the components of the full form of the designation or from syllables of the full form and pronounced syllabically. active voice Francopoulo, Gil Value that expresses the situation where the grammatical subject is also the semantic actor of the verb. 1:0 adessive case 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Case which expresses the meaning of presence 'at' or 'near' a place. aditive case 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Case expressing "to" in Basque studies. adjective Part of speech related to attributes of noun. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Deverbal adjective in Japanese ending with the '-i' suffix in dictionary form ja Denominal adjectives in Japanese formed from a noun plus the particle 'na' ja admitted term Wright, Sue Ellen A term rated according to the scale of a term acceptability rating as a synonym for a preferred term. 1:0 adposition Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Part of speech that occurs before/inside/after a complement composed of a noun phrase, noun, pronoun or clause that functions as a noun phrase and form a single structure with the complement to express its grammatical and semantic relation to another unit. adverb Part of speech to refer to an heterogeneous group of words whose most frequent function is to specify the mode of action of the verb. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 adverbial pronoun 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil () affirmative particule 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Particle used to express affirmation. affixed personal pronoun Personnal pronoun that is affixed, i.e. added as an affix to another word. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil allative case Francopoulo, Gil Case which expresses the meaning of motion 'to' or 'towards' the referent it marks. 1:0 allusive pronoun Pronoun that refers to something characterized by allusions. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil animate 1:0 Perceived as alive. Wright, Sue Ellen Francopoulo, Gil appellation 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen A designation that represents an individual concept. archaic form Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A term or lexeme no longer in ordinary use, though retained for special purposes. article Wright, Sue Ellen Francopoulo, Gil Term used in the grammatical classification of words referring to a subclass of determiners which displays a primary role in differentiating the uses of nouns. ... 1:0 baseElement Wright, Sue Ellen The root form of a word or term that is used as the formal dictionary entry for the term. 1:0 bench-level register Francopoulo, Gil The register of terms used in applications-oriented as opposed to theoretical or academic levels of language. 1:0 Register of terms used in applications-oriented as opposed to theoretical or academic levels of language. Wright, Sue Ellen benefactive case Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Case that expresses that the referent of the noun it marks receives the benefit of the situation expressed by the clause. bound Linked to a particular element. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil bullet Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Sign used to mark an item in a list. cardinal numeral A word denoting a number. 1:0 Zeman, Dan causative case 1:0 Case which expresses that the referent of the noun it marks is the cause of the situation expressed by the clause. Francopoulo, Gil cessative Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Aspect that expresses the cessation of an event or state. circumposition Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Adposition which consists of two parts which are positioned ahead and after the adpositional foci. clipped term Wright, Sue Ellen An abbreviation formed by truncating a part of a simple term. 1:0 close parenthesis 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil End of a parenthesis pair. collective Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 A collective number is a number referring to 'a set of things'. Languages that have this feature can use it to get a phrase like 'flock of sheeps' by using 'sheep' in collective number. collective pronoun A pronoun that refers to all elements of a set. Zeman, Dan 1:0 colon 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Sign with two vertical points that is used in writing and printing to introduce an explanation, example or quotation. comitative case Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Case which expresses a meaning similar to 'along with' or 'accompagnied by'. comma 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Mark (,) used in writing to show a short pause or to separate items in a list. common gender Francopoulo, Gil Indistinguished gender for epicenes. 1:0 common name A synonym for an international scientific term that is used in general discourse in a given language. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen commonNoun common noun A noun or adjective denoting a class of objects. Wright, Sue Ellen Noun that signifies a non-specific member of a group. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 commonlyUsed commonly used Francopoulo, Gil Said of a term that appears frequently. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen comparative Comparative is the comparison where only two entites are involved. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 comparative particle Francopoulo, Gil Particle used to compare. 1:0 compound A lexical unit that combines two or sometimes more different words, frequently such that the sense of the new lexical unit is not clearly derivable from the combination of its parts. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen compound preposition 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Preposition that is a aggregation of words conditional 1:0 A conditional relation is a logical relation in which the illocutionary act employing one of a pair of propositions is expressed or implied to be true or in force if the other proposition is true. Francopoulo, Gil conditional particule conditional particule 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil conditional pronoun Francopoulo, Gil conditional pronoun 1:0 conjunction Word that syntactically links words or constituents, and expresses a semantic relationship between them. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil contraction A lexical unit formed by a shortening of a word, syllable, or word group by omission of a sound or letter. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen coordinating conjunction 1:0 Conjunction that links constituents. Francopoulo, Gil coordination particle 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil particle for coordination copula Special word that combines the subject of a sentence and its description. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil dative case 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Case that expresses an indirect object relationship or a range of meaning similar to that covered by 'to' or 'for' in English; but there is a great deal of variation between languages in the way this case is used. deficient verb 1:0 verb lacking certain morphosyntactic properties Francopoulo, Gil definite 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Value referring to the capacity of identification of an entity. definite article Article that allows the reference to a specific, identifiable entity (or class of entities). 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil delative case Case which expresses motion downward from the referent of the noun it marks. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 demonstrative determiner Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Determiner used to point to an entity in the situation or elsewhere in a sentence. demonstrative pronoun Francopoulo, Gil Pronoun used to point to an entity in the situation or elsewhere in a sentence. 1:0 deprecated term A term rated according to the scale of a term acceptability rating as undesired. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen determiner Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Word or affix that belongs to a class of noun modifiers that expresses the reference, including quantity, of a noun. diminutive noun Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 diminutive noun distinctive particle Francopoulo, Gil distinctive particle 1:0 dual Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen The form used in some languages to designate two persons or things. Form used in some languages to designate two persons or things. elative case 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Case which expresses the meaning of motion 'away from' from the referent of the noun it marks. emphatic pronoun Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 An emphatic pronoun is a personal pronoun that is used to emphasize its referent. entry term A term that heads a terminological entry. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen equation Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 An expression used to represent a concept based on a statement that two mathematical expressions are, for instance, equal as identified by the equal sign (=), or assigned to one another by a similar sign. equative case Francopoulo, Gil Case that expresses likeness or identity to the referent of the noun it marks. It can have meaning, such as: 'as', 'like', or 'in the capacity of'. 1:0 ergative case 1:0 Case assigned to the subject of a transitive verb as opposed to absolutive case. Francopoulo, Gil essive case Case which expresses a state of being. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 exclamative determiner Determiner expressing an emotional utterance and marked with a strong intonation. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil exclamative point 1:0 Special sign (!) usually used in writing to mark exclamation. Francopoulo, Gil exclamative pronoun 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Pronoun marked with an emotional utterance and/or a strong intonation. existential pronoun 1:0 pronoun that indicates the existence of something or someone Francopoulo, Gil expression Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A significant word or phrase. feminine Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Of, relating to, or constituting the gender that ordinarily includes most words or grammatical forms referring to females. finite 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Property applied to a verb form that can occur on its own in an independent sentence. first person 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil First person deixis is deictic reference that refers to the speaker, or both the speaker and referents grouped with the speaker formula 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen Francopoulo, Gil Figures, symbols or the like used to express a concept briefly, such as a mathematical or chemical formula. full article For definiteness, when a specific form is the syntactic subject of the clause. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil full form 1:0 The complete presentation of a term or lexeme for which there is an abbreviated form. Wright, Sue Ellen fused preposition 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Preposition that is the result of a morphological merge from at least two words. fused preposition determiner word resulting from the aggregation of a proposition and a determiner Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 fused preposition pronoun 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil word resulting from the aggregation of a preposition and a pronoun fused pronoun auxiliary 1:0 word resulting from the aggregation of a pronoun and an auxiliary Francopoulo, Gil future Verb tense that indicates action or state of being in the future. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil future particle Particle used in order to express future. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 general adverb 1:0 Adverb belonging to the general class of adverbs Francopoulo, Gil generalization word 1:0 Zeman, Dan A word that does not carry its own meaning but generalizes the meaning of a neighboring word, adding the "etc." sense. generic numeral 1:0 A numeral used to indicate the number of sets/kinds of objects. Zeman, Dan genitive case Case which expresses a possessive relationship (e.g. the boy's book) or some other similarly close connection (e.g. a summer's day). 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil idiom A group of words in a fixed order that have a particular meaning that is different from the meanings of each word understood on its own. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 illative case Case which expresses the meaning of 'motion into' or 'direction towards' the referent of the noun it marks. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil imperative Wright, Sue Ellen ... 1:0 Mood used to express an order. Francopoulo, Gil imperfect Verb tense that refers to action in the past that is incomplete or ongoing. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 imperfective Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Imperfective aspect is an aspect that expresses an event or state, with respect to its internal structure, instead of expressing it as a simple whole. impersonal pronoun 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Pronoun lacking person referent. in house register 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil The register of terms that are company-specific and not readily recognized outside this environment. Wright, Sue Ellen Register of terms that are company-specific and not readily recognized outside this environment. inanimate Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen Perceived as not living. inchoative Aspect that expresses the beginning of an event or state. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 indefinite Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Value related to an entity in a situation where the identification of this entity is not clear cut. indefinite article Article not capable of expressing identification. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 indefinite cardinal numeral Zeman, Dan A word used to express imprecise quantity. 1:0 indefinite determiner Francopoulo, Gil Determiner not capable of identification. 1:0 indefinite multiplicative numeral Zeman, Dan A word indicating imprecise number of times something happened. 1:0 indefinite ordinal numeral A word used to indicate imprecise rank of an object in a sequence. Zeman, Dan 1:0 indefinite pronoun 1:0 Pronoun that does not allow reference. Francopoulo, Gil indicative Wright, Sue Ellen ... Francopoulo, Gil Mood value used in the expression of statements and questions. 1:0 indifferent Markup to express that there is not any pertinence. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil inessive case Case which expresses the meaning of location or position within a place. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 infinitive Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Mood cited as unmarked or base form. infinitive particle Particle used to express infinitive. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 inflectionElement Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 An element of language used to change the form of a word (noun, adjective) by declension, and (verbs) by conjugation. infrequentlyUsed infrequently used Said of a term that does not appear frequently. Francopoulo, Gil Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 initialism Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 An abbreviation made up of the initial letters of the components of the full form of the designation or from syllables of the full form and pronounced letter by letter. instrumental case 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Case indicating that the referent of the noun it marks is the means of the accomplishment of the action expressed by the clause. interjection 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Word or sound that expresses an emotion. international scientific term A term that is part of an international scientific nomenclature as adopted by an appropriate scientific body. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 internationalism Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A term that has the same or nearly identical orthographic or phonemic form in many languages. interrogative cardinal numeral Zeman, Dan An interrogative/relative word used to ask about quantity. 1:0 interrogative determiner 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Determiner used to express a question. interrogative multiplicative numeral 1:0 An interrogative/relative word used to ask about the number of times something happened. Zeman, Dan interrogative ordinal numeral Zeman, Dan An interrogative/relative word used to ask about numeric ranking. 1:0 interrogative particle 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Particle used to express a question. interrogative pronoun Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Pronoun used to express a question. interrogative relative pronoun Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 pronoun which may act as a relative pronoun or an interrogative one inverted comma Inverted comma. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 irreflexive personal pronoun 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil personal pronoun which is not reflexive lative case Francopoulo, Gil Case which expresses motion to a location. 1:0 legal term 1:0 A term that is legally defined and used in legally binding documents. Wright, Sue Ellen light verb 1:0 verb participating in a complex predication that has little semantic content of its own. Francopoulo, Gil locative case 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Case that indicates a final location of action or a time of the action. logical expression 1:0 An expression used to represent a concept based on mathematical or logical relations, such as statements of inequality, set relationships, boolean operations, and the like. Wright, Sue Ellen main verb 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Main verb in contrast to a modal or an auxiliary. masculine 1:0 Of, relating to, or constituting the gender that ordinarily includes most words or grammatical forms referring to males. Francopoulo, Gil Wright, Sue Ellen massNoun mass noun 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen Designation of a term or word that is not countable and cannot generally be used with the indefinite article or in the plural. Francopoulo, Gil middle voice Francopoulo, Gil Value for middle voice that expresses that the subject is both the agent and object, or that the subject is separate from the agent or that the receiver is the agent him/herself. 1:0 modal 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Verb form that is usually used with another verb to express ideas such as possibilities, permission, or intention. modern Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Currently in use. morphological element Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 Unit resulting from the division of words into their smallest meaningful parts. Note: moved to lexeme element from being an independent element; note that this is currently an independent element in 12620 multiplicative numeral 1:0 A word that expresses the number of times something happened. Zeman, Dan negative particle 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Particle used to express negation. negative pronoun Pronoun used in a context of a negation or for expressing a negation. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 neuter 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Wright, Sue Ellen Of, relating to, or constituting the gender that ordinarily includes most words or grammatical forms referring to objects that are not characterized as male or female. neutral register The register appropriate to general texts or discourse. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen Francopoulo, Gil no Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Value for negation. nominative case Francopoulo, Gil Case used to indicate the subject of a verb. 1:0 non-finite Property related for verb forms occurring on their own only in dependent clauses and lacking tense and mood contrasts. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 noun Part of speech used to express the name of a person, place, action or thing. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil nucleus 1:0 The component of a multiword or multi-morphemic compound term that is determined or modified by the other components making up the term. Wright, Sue Ellen numeral 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Part of speech that expresses a number or the relation to a number. numeral fraction Zeman, Dan Word used to denote the denominator of a fraction. 1:0 oblique case Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Case that is used when a noun is the object of a verb or a proposition, except for nominative and vocative case. obsolete form A term or lexeme which is no longer in common use. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 old Used in the past. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil open parenthesis Francopoulo, Gil Beginning of a pair of parenthesis. 1:0 optionalElement Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 1951: An optional part of a headword. 1951; examples? The question arises whether these are true options or whether the options reflect synonyms or hyponyms (e.g., barrage, barrage de retenue). The question is not whether 1951 should use this markup, but rather how to map this markup in a global environment. ordinal adjective Adjective/numeral/number expressing a numeric ranking. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 otherAnimacy other animacy 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Wright, Sue Ellen Perceived as related to animacy, but without specific reference to the previous items. otherGender Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A grammatical category that indicates grammatical relationships between words in sentences. otherNumber 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen Designation used to classify number-related grammatical information that can differ from the standard European classifications cited above. outdated form 1:0 A term or lexeme that has fallen from fashion, but the meaning of which is readily recognizable. Wright, Sue Ellen part number A unique alphanumeric designation assigned to an object in a manufacturing system. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen participle Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Term referring to a word derived from a verb and used as an adjective. participle adjective Adjective based on a verb. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil particle 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Word that does not belong to one of the main classes of words, is invariable in form, and typically has grammatical or pragmatic meaning. partitive article 1:0 Article expressing a part or quantity. Francopoulo, Gil partitive case Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Case that expresses the partial nature of the referent of the noun it marks, as opposed to expressing the whole unit or class of which the referent is a part. passive voice Term referring to a situation where the grammatical subject is typically the recipient or goal of the action denoted by the verb. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 past Past tense is an absolute tense that refers to a time before the moment of utterance. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 past participle adjective Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Adjective based on a past participle. paucal Number that specifies 'a few' things. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 perfective Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Perfective aspect is an aspect that expresses a temporal view of an event or state as a simple whole, apart from the consideration of the internal structure of the time in which it occurs. personal Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Property that refers to the person. personal pronoun Francopoulo, Gil Pronoun referring a person. 1:0 phraseological unit Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 Any group of two or more words that form a unit, the meaning of which frequently cannot be deduced based on the combined sense of the words making up the phrase. plain verb Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 verb which has its own semantics plural The form of a term or word (usually of a noun) used to designate more than one object. Value that expresses more than one element. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil point Sign (.) used to expresses the end of a sentence or an abbreviation. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil positive Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Value used in a comparison relationship when no comparison is involved. possessive 1:0 Relative to the possession or association. Francopoulo, Gil possessive adjective 1:0 An adjective derived from a noun and denoting possession by the object described by the noun. Zeman, Dan possessive determiner Francopoulo, Gil Determiner that expresses ownership. 1:0 possessive particle Particle expressing ownship. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil possessive pronoun Pronoun that expresses ownership and relationships like ownership, such as kinship, and other forms of association. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil possessive relative pronoun A relative pronoun whose antecedent is the possessor of the subject or object in the relative clause. Zeman, Dan 1:0 post modifier Situation where the modifier is after the modified. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 postposition Adposition that appears at the end of the noun phrase. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil premodifier 1:0 Situation where the modifier is before the modified. Francopoulo, Gil preferred term Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A term rated according to the scale of a term acceptability rating as the primary term for a given concept. preposition Francopoulo, Gil Adposition placed at the beginning of a noun phrase. 1:0 prepositional adverb 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil adverb which is very similar in its form to a preposition present Francopoulo, Gil Verb tense that indicates action or state of being in the present. 1:0 present participle adjective Adjective based on a present participle. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 presentative pronoun 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil pronoun that identify the current locative or temporal situation The simple past or preterite as distinct from the perfect form, e.g,, "showed" not "shown" productName 1:0 An attribute assigned to a term indicating that that term is the official designator for a product. Wright, Sue Ellen prolative case Francopoulo, Gil Case for a noun or a pronoun that expresses motion within a place or a period of time needed for an event. 1:0 pronominal adverb Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 adverb formed in replacement of a preposition and a pronoun pronoun Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Word used in place of a noun or a noun phrase. properNoun proper noun Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 Noun that is the name of a specific individual, place, or object. A noun or adjective denoting a single object. Francopoulo, Gil proverb 1:0 A brief popular axiom or saying. Wright, Sue Ellen punctuation Graphical mark used either at word level to indicate an abbreviation or at a text level to separate phrases or sentences. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 quadrial Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Property related to four elements. qualifier adjective 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Adjective used to qualify. question mark Francopoulo, Gil Sign used to express a question. 1:0 radical A basic identifiable component of every CJKV character, often found on the left side of the character, that sometimes gives a rough indication of meaning and is used for collating lexical and terminological resources. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 rarelyUsed rarely used Francopoulo, Gil Said of a term that is almost never used. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 reciprocal pronoun Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Pronoun expressing mutual relationship. reflexive adjective Francopoulo, Gil Determiner that refers to the same entity. 1:0 reflexive personal pronoun Francopoulo, Gil personal pronoun which is reflexive 1:0 reflexive possessive pronoun Zeman, Dan A possessive pronoun that refers to the subject as the possessor. 1:0 regulated term A term defined by law or government regulation. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen relation noun Francopoulo, Gil relation noun 1:0 relative determiner Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Determiner related to a referent. relative particle 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil relative particle relative pronoun Pronoun which introduces a relative clause and refers to something that has been said before. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 second person Francopoulo, Gil Second person deixis is deictic reference to a person or persons identified as addressee. 1:0 semi-colon Sign (;) usually used to separate phrases. 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil set phrase 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen A fixed, lexicalized phrase. short article For definiteness, when a specific form is not the syntactic subject of the clause. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 short form 1:0 A variant of a multiword term or lexeme that includes fewer words than the full form. Wright, Sue Ellen singular The form of a term or word (usually of a noun) used to designate one object. Wright, Sue Ellen Value that expresses one element. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 sku 1:0 An inventory item identified by a unique alphanumeric designation assigned to an object in an inventory control system. Wright, Sue Ellen slang register 1:0 An extremely informal register of a word, term, or text that is used in spoken and everyday language and less commonly in documents. Wright, Sue Ellen Francopoulo, Gil slash Francopoulo, Gil The punctuation sign / 1:0 sociative case Francopoulo, Gil Case related to the person in whose company the action is carried out, or to any belongings of people which take part in the action. 1:0 standard text 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen A fixed chunk of recurring text. standardized term A term that has been standardized by a standardizing body. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen string A chunk of text used in a software interface, documentation, help file, or the like. 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen stringCategory Wright, Sue Ellen A type value assigned to a string. 1:0 strong personal pronoun Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Personal pronoun that can occupy the position after a preposition and/or reinforce a weak personal pronoun. subjunctive ... Francopoulo, Gil Wright, Sue Ellen Mood often used to express uncertainty, whishes or desires. 1:0 sublative case 1:0 Case for a move of something to the surface of another object. Francopoulo, Gil subordinating conjunction 1:0 Conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of another. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent. Francopoulo, Gil superessive case Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 Case indicating location on top of something or on the surface of something. superlative Francopoulo, Gil Value used in a comparison between more than two entities. 1:0 superlative particle Particle expressing superlative degree. Superlative is the comparison between more than two entities and contrasts with comparative where only two entities are involved and positive where no comparison is implied. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 superseded term Wright, Sue Ellen A term that is no longer preferred or admitted. 1:0 suspension points 1:0 Sequence of three dots having the same meaning as "et cetera" (full form) or "etc" (abbreviated form). Francopoulo, Gil syllable Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 A unit of spoken language that is next bigger than a speech sound and consists of one or more vowel sounds alone or of a syllabic consonant alone or of either with one or more consonant sounds preceding or following. technical register Wright, Sue Ellen Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 The register appropriate to scientific texts or special languages. terminative case 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Case that indicates to what or where something ends. third person Third person deixis is deictic reference to a referent(s) not identified as the speaker or addressee. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 transcribed form 1:0 A form of a term or lexeme resulting from an operation whereby the characters of one writing system are represented by characters from another writing system, taking into account the pronunciation of the characters converted. Wright, Sue Ellen translative case Francopoulo, Gil Case indicating that the referent of the noun, or the quality of the adjective, that it marks is the result of a process of change. 1:0 trial Francopoulo, Gil Grammatical number referring to 'three things', as opposed to 'singular' and 'plural'. 1:0 unaccomplished 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil aspect that expresses an event or state that is not finished. unclassified particle 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil Particle that is not covered by other sorts of particle definitions. verb Element which, singly or in combination with other verbs is used as the minimal predicate of a sentence, co-occurring with a subject. If the predicate contains other elements (e.g. object, complement), then it is the verb which more than any other is the unit which influences the choice and extent of these elements. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 vocative case Francopoulo, Gil Case used to indicate direct address. 1:0 vulgar register Register of a term or text type that can be characterized as profane or socially unacceptable. The register of a term or text type that can be characterized as profane or socially unacceptable. Wright, Sue Ellen 1:0 Francopoulo, Gil weak personal pronoun Personal pronoun that cannot occupy the position after a preposition and/or reinforce a strong personal pronoun. Francopoulo, Gil 1:0 wordElement 1:0 Wright, Sue Ellen Any lexeme element in a compound lexical unit that is itself a word. yes Positive value Francopoulo, Gil 1:0