2020-02-01 The objective of SAREF4EHAW is to extend SAREF ontology for the eHealth/Ageing-well (EHAW) vertical. Clause 4.1 of the present document shortly introduces a high level view of the envisioned SAREF4EHAW semantic model and modular ontology, with the retained concepts (i.e. classes) and their relations. SAREF4EHAW extension has been specified and formalised by investigating EHAW domain related resources, as reported in ETSI TR 103 509, such as: potential stakeholders, standardization initiatives, alliances/associations, European projects, EC directives, existing ontologies, and data repositories. Therefore, SAREF4EHAW modular ontology shall both: - Allow the implementation of a limited set of typical EHAW related use cases already identified in ETSI TR 103 509, i.e. - Use case 1 “elderly at home monitoring and support”, - Use case 2 “monitoring and support of healthy lifestyles for citizens”, - Use case 3 “Early Warning System (EWS) and Cardiovascular Accidents detection”. - Fulfil the eHealth Ageing Well related requirements provided in ETSI TR 103 509, mainly the ontological ones that were mostly taken as input for the ontology specification. SAREF4EHAW mainly reuses the following existing ontologies: SAREF, ETSI SmartBAN reference model, SAREF 4 Environment extension and W3C SSN System module. The following figure presents the high level view of SAREF4EHAW ontology.  For semantic interoperability handling purposes, an ontology based solution, combined with sensing-as-a-service and WoT strategies, is retained for SAREF4EHAW. Therefore, an upper level ontology, at service level, shall also behas been fully modelled (Service class and sub-classes depicted in the previous figure). For embedded semantic analytics purposes, SAREF4EHAW shall behas been designed using the modularity principle (see ETSI TR 103 509) and can thus be mainly described by the following self-contained knowledge sub-ontologies (or modules): HealthActor, Ban, HealthDevice, Function (measured data related concepts included) and Service. SAREF4EHAW: an extension of SAREF for eHealth Ageing Well domain https://saref.etsi.org/saref4ehaw/ s4ehaw v1.1.1 2020-05-01 Data constraint The Data constraints, e.g. validity, legal... Helper Helper of patients/users, e.g. a patient's relative. Legal constraint An empty container for describing the legal constraints a data can be submitted to, like e.g. anonymization. Posture The posture of a health actor (mainly a patient or a user), e.g. exercising, lying, running, sitting, walking... Body surface location Defines a health device location in terms of a body surface position (i.e. on body health device). Location The location, i.e. a position against the body (on - body surface – or in the body – implant –) and a physical location (i.e. a postal address and/or a current geolocation when available). Impairment Defined for users (that can in particular be patients) impairments modelling, e.g. aural impairment, skeletal impairment, ocular impairment, mobility impairment, intellectual impairment. Those non exhaustive impairments are compatible with the World Health Organization classification. Physical location The physical location, i.e. a postal address and a geolocation when available. Health sensor Health-related Sensor, equivalent to SAREF Sensor. BAN hub Hub of the BAN, mainly playing the role of both a data concentrator and a network gateway. Daily activity The patient/user activities that occur during daytime. Patient A user of the type patient, i.e. a cared-for person by one or multiple caregivers. Age category The age group of a health actor, e.g. old or young. Service grounding How to access the service. Frequency measurement Represents the measured value made over a frequency property. It is also linked to the frequency unit of measure in which the value is expressed and the timestamp of the measurement. Health Device Health devices, e.g. BAN hub, health sensor/actuator/Wereable. Nocturnal activity The patient/user activities that occur during the night. Measurement function The functionality necessary to accomplish the measurement task for which a measurement-related health Device (e.g. Sensor, Wearable, ECG Device...) is designed for, e.g. a heart rate measurement function. Service process How the service works. Activity The activity of a patient/user, i.e. daily and nocturnal activities. BAN Body Area Network. Operating constraint An empty container for describing the operating constraints of a device, e.g. recommended humidity and temperature range... Alarm command A command corresponding to alarm sending. Periodic BAN communication type BAN communication function way of working of the type periodic. Event driven BAN communication type BAN communication function way of working of the type event driven. Time series measurement A sequence of data in a successive equally spaced points in time. The O&M ontology (ISO 19156) defines Time Series Observation as an “observation whose result is a time-series”, while both Hl7 aECG and DICOM standards define the Series element as a sequence of data sharing a common frame of reference. In SAREF4health this concept is termed as Time Series Measurements since this sequence of data refers to time series measured by a health device. BAN application domain The BAN application domain, e.g. healthcare, telemedicine, assisted living, sport training, safety and emergency... Power source The power sources of a health device, mainly describing energy source and battery related capabilities of the health device (number of power source, source type, rechargeable or not...). Data A function has one or many data, for example a tracking function shall include latitude, longitude and speed data. Mode The dynamic characteristics of a eHealth Device that vary during its lifetime or its BAN lifetime. Validity constraint Data may have validity constraint such as allowable value range. Measurement collection session Task in which a health actor (mainly a patient or a user) is subject of measurement collection (recording) by both some measurement-related health Device (e.g. Sensor, Wearable, ECG Device...) and a health actor (mainly a caregiver). User A health actor (patient included) that can be equiped with BANs or health devices for monitoring, control, care (specific case of patients) or support purposes. Computing power The computing power capabilities of a Health device. Contact A BAN has one or multiple contacts, i.e. some health actors, e.g. the patient or user that is monitored through this BAN, the caregiver that is using this BAN for monitoring purposes... Communication protocol The communication protocol, e.g. BLE, serial, Ethernet... Implant location Implant Device (i.e. in body health device) position. Caregiver For caregivers modelling. Health actuator Health-related Actuator, equivalent to SAREF Actuator. Interface Used for modelling the interfaces of a health device (e.g. Bluetooth, UWB, IEEE 802.15.6, serial interface...). Health actor The eHealth actors like e.g. caregivers, patients, users, helpers... Habit Defined for users (that can in particular be patients) habits modelling, e.g. smoking, alcohol drinking, overeating, undereating... Device characteristic A health device has device characteristic describing the physical characteristics of the health device. Functional device Functional Devices are non-purely eHealth/ageing-well devices that can be used for modelling/detecting activities or behaviours of patients/users, like for example beacons that can detect indoor positioning of a patient in a house. Health wereable Health-related Wearable, equivalent to SAREF4WEAR Wearable. On request BAN communication type BAN communication function way of working of the type on request. Service profile What the service does. Reminder command Command used for sending reminder notifications to health actors, e.g. patients, users or Caregivers. Responsible party The legal entity responsible for a BAN, i.e. to contact in case of problem. Chronic disease For chronic disease modelling, e.g. diabetes, asthma... BAN Communication type The BAN communication function type, i.e. periodic, event driven or on request. unit of measurement Defines the unit of measure of a measurement function. has operating constraint The operating constraints of a health device, e.g. recommended humidity and temperature range... has mode Each device has modes of operations that model its dynamic characteristic varying during its lifetime, e.g. active, hold, beacon... has contact A BAN has one or multiple contacts (e.g. the patient or user that is monitored through this BAN, the caregiver that is using this BAN for monitoring purposes). has activity A health actor may have one or multiple activities. in current mode Each eHealth device has modes of operations that model its dynamic characteristic varying during its lifetime, e.g. active, hold, beacon... contains A Body Area Network or BAN contains one or multiple health devices has patient A caregiver may have one or multiple patients. uses ban A health actor (e.g. a caregiver, a patient or a helper) uses a BAN for collecting, aggregating and relaying vital parameters. precision Precision refers to the degree of reproducibility of a measured quantity (when the same quantity is measured several times how close are the measurements from each other). has power source A health device characteristic is its power sources, mainly describing energy source and battery related capabilities of the health device (number of power source, source type, rechargeable or not, available power level...). has interface A health device has one or multiple interfaces (Bluetooth, UWB, IEEE 802.15.6, serial interface...). has measurement Defines the relationship between data that has measurement. interface protocol The interface communication protocol can be e.g. BLE, serial, Ethernet... has impairment The impairment type of a user and a patient (as sub-class of user it also inherits impairment), e.g. aural, skeletal, ocular, mobility, intellectual... follows user A helper may follow one or multiple users that can in particular be patients. presents A service presents a service profile (what the service does). has data constraint Data has data constraints (validity, legal...). has habit The habits of a user and a patient (as sub-class of user it also inherits habit), e.g. smoking or overeating. has computing power A health device characteristic describing the processing power or capabilities of the device (e.g. processor ID and manufacturer, duty cycle, available flash/RM memory, maximum flash/RAM memory...). has participant A measurement session has health actors as participants (caregiver controling the session, patient monitored during the session). has data A function has one or many data, for example a tracking function shall include latitude, longitude and speed data. has age category The age group of a health actor, e.g. old or young. has BAN communication type A BAN has a BAN communication type that is the type of communication carried out between BAN devices and BAN Hub. has responsible party A BAN that has a responsible party which plays the role of the legal entity responsible for this BAN (e.g. to contact in case of problem). It should be an organization or a person. is attached to A health Device is attached to a health actor such as a patient, a user and or a caregiver. has BAN application domain The BAN application domain - healthcare, telemedicine, assisted living, sport training, pervasive computing, safety and emergency... -. has time series measurement Data has time series measurements, a sequence taken at successive equally spaced points in time. consists of A relationship indicating a composite entity that consists of other entities (e.g., a temperature/humidity sensor that consists of a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor) has location The location of an eHealth device, i.e. its position against the body (on body surface or in the body - implant -) and its physical location (i.e. its postal address and/or its current geolocation geolocation when available). has posture The posture of a user and a patient (as sub-class of user it also inherits habit), e.g. exercising, lying, running, sitting, walking... has frequency measurement A measurement fucntion, in case of complex measurement like time series, has frequency measurement, i.e. the frequency in which it makes measurements. has device characteristic A health device has device characteristic describing the physical characteristics of the health device, e.g. its dimensions. has hub A Body Area Network or BAN elects one hub that mainly plays the role of both a data concentrator and a network gateway. grounding protocol The grounding protocol is the protocol used to transmit the message by the service, e.g. BLE. has chronic disease A patient can suffer from one or more chronic disease like Diabetes, azma, etc. supports A service supports a service grounding (how to access the service). has physical location Defines the physical location of the patient, i.e. its postal address and/or its geolocation (when available). is described by A service is described by a service process (how the service works). activity kind The kind of atcivities that a patient or a user can have, i.e. e.g. sleeping in bed, sitting on a chair, using the shower, etc. service name The service name identify the offered service, e.g heart rate. minimum value The minimum allowable value of a measurement. service description The service description should describe the offered service like e.g. heart rate measurement. BAN density The BAN density, i.e. its number of node. has output The output is e.g. the calculated value returned by the process, e.g the posture of a patient. last name The familly name of a health actor. available ram Indicates the available volatile memory space (in byte) of a health device. It is a dynamic attribute. latency The latency is the time interval between the stimulation and response of a measurement function (in ms). available flash The available flash memory (in byte) of a health device. It is a dynamic attribute. format The format is a URI for a standard format like e.g. integer. port number The port number used to offer the service. has calculation method The service process has a calculation method to get the output or result, e.g. the calculation formula to determine the posture of a patient. frequency The frequency is the number of instructions an embedded processor - within a health device - can perform per second (MIPS). BAN geolocation The geolocation of the BAN, when available and needed, shall be given relatively to the current location - geolocation as standardized ISO 6709, e.g. +40.75-074.00/ - of the patient wearing the BAN. is gateway This boolean variable indicates if the interface is a gateway or not. geolocation The geolocation, when available, shall be given relatively to the current location - geolocation as standardized ISO 6709, e.g. +40.75-074.00/ -. data size The data size represents the size of the data in bytes velocity The velocity of a moving device (in m/s). fault tolerence Defines the error rate tolerated for a measurement function. duty cycle The duty cycle for each health device embedded processor, in percent. power source type The type of power source of a health device. It can be solar, battery, electricity... has gender The gender of a health actor. undetermined male female is derived data Is derived data is a Boolean property to indicate if the data is a row data or a calculated/derived data from other one. activity duration The duration of an activity, in second. device characteristic name The commercial name of a device. transmission rate The transmission rate of the interface, i.e. the number of bits transmitted per second (usually expressed in kbps or Mbps). has precondition The conditions that are imposed over the inputs of the process and the process must hold to be successufully invoked. maximum flash Indicates the maximum flash memory space (in byte) of a health device. dimension The dimension of the device i.e. height*weight*length string. phenomena The BAN monitors a specific phenomenon (burned calories during exercises, glucose level...). rechargeable This boolean variable indicates if the power source is rechargeable or not, e.g. a rechargeable battery. has manufacturer A relationship identifying the manufacturer of an entity (e.g., device). The value is expected to be a string or a string with language tag. has values A relationship defining the set of values (an ordered array of numbers) of a certain property, e.g., heart rate. Attention: to assure ordering in the serialization format, it is necessary to use either rdf:Seq (RDF/XML) or @list (JSON-LD). has mbox An email address (or mail box) of an health actor: a URI with the 'mailto' scheme as defined by RFC 6068. lifetime The BAN lifetime (in month), e.g. BAN for entertainment purposes should have a lifetime of weeks or few years whereas BAN dedicated for assisted living or anomaly monitoring should last for many years. phone The phone number of a health actor, in international format. maximum value The maximum allowable value of a measurement. interface address The interface address. The interface may have many addresses like MAC address, IP address or others. has effect The effect of a service can be an alert, nothing, an activation of another process... remaining battery level The level of remaining battery (if any : in percent) for a health device. It is a dynamic attribute. interface description The interface type description. BAN topology The BAN physical topology type, i.e Adhoc or Star or Mesh or Others. Star Mesh Adhoc date of birth The date of birth of a health actor. serial number The serial number of a health device. mode name The mode name of a device, e.g. sleeping. maximum ram Indicates the maximum volatile memory space (in byte) of a health device. has result The process can have many results for the same output. Those results may include a message that should be displayed, an alert... postal address Defines the postal address. first name The first name of a health actor. sending frequency Defines the sending frequency (in ms), at an health device level, in case of pariodic BAN communication type. sample time The sample time of a measurement function (a discrete integer). has input The service process has data input like e.g. the patient ID, the timestamp, the read value from a sensor... Sitting Posture of a sitting user. Telemedicine Telemedicine sub-domain for BAN application. Armpit location Armpit location, a user body surface location. Safety Safety sub-domain for BAN application. Asthma Asthma, a chronical disease that some users can have. Sport Training Sport training sub-domain for BAN application. Prevention Prevention sub-domain (e.g. preventive health) for BAN application. Pervasive computing Pervasive computing sub-domain for BAN application. Mobility impairment Mobility impairment (User level). Overeating Overeating habit (User level). Young Young, one user age category. Undereating Undereating habit (User level). Alcohol drinking Alcohol drinking habit (User level). Emergency Emergency sub-domain for BAN application. Running Posture of a running user. Aural impairment Aural impairment (User level), i.e. impairments of auditory sensitivity. Exercising Posture of user doing exercises. Assisted living Assisted living sub-domain for BAN application. Walking Posture of a walking user. Skeletal impairment Skeletal impairment (User level), e.g. of head and trunk regions, limbs... Healthcare Healthcare domain for BAN application. Diabetes Diabetes, a chronical disease that some users can have. Lying Posture of a lying user. Old Old, one user age category. Intellectual impairment Skeletal impairment (User level), e.g. ... Smoking Smoking habit (User level). Ocular impairment (User level). Ocular impairment Ocular impairment (User level), i.e. impamnents of visual acuity. Wrist location Wrist, a user body surface location.